ὄρνυμι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=or [[ὀρνύω]], ''poet.'' Verb: from the former come imper. ὄρνῠθι, ὄρνῠτε, Il.6.363, Od.10.457, al.; inf.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ὀρνύμεναι Il.17.546, ὀρνύμεν 9.353, al.; and from the latter, pres. ὀρνύει Pi.''O.''13.12, cf. Orph.''L.''222: 3sg. and pl. impf. <b class="b3">ὤρνυε, -υον</b>, Od.21.100, Il.12.142: fut. ὄρσω 21.335, Pi.''N.''9.8, S.''Ant.''1060: aor. ὦρσα Il.5.629, al., Hes.''Th.''523, A. ''Pers.''496; Ion. 3sg. ὄρσασκε Il.17.423: redupl. aor. 2 ὤρορε 2.146, Od.4.712, etc. (but [[ὤρορε]] stands for [[ὄρωρε]], Il.13.78, Od.8.539):—Med. ὄρνῠμαι, used by Hom. in 3sg. ὄρνυται Il.5.532, al., imper. [[ὄρνυσθε]] ib.102, al., part. ὀρνύμενος 20.158, al.: impf. [[ὠρνύμην]], used by Hom. in 3sg. and pl., ὤρνῠτο Il.3.267, al., ὤρνυντο Od.2.397, al.: fut. 3sg. ὀρεῖται Il.20.140: aor. 2 [[ὠρόμην]], 3sg. ὤρετο 12.279,14.397, also very freq. [[ὦρτο]], 5.590, al.; 3pl. without augm. ὄροντο Od.3.471 (but v. [[ὄρομαι]]), ὀρέοντο Il.2.398,23.212 (unless this is impf.); imper. [[ὄρσο]] or [[ὄρσεο]], 5.109, al., 3.250, al.; Ion. contr. ὄρσευ 4.264, 19. 139; subj. ὄρηται Od.16.98,al.; inf. ὄρθαι Il.8.474; part. ὀρόμενος A. ''Th.''87, 115 (both lyr.), ὄρμενος Il.11.326, al., and in lyr. passages of Trag., A.''Ag.''1408 (cf. 429), ''Supp.''422, S.''OT''177: to the Med. also belongs the pf. [[ὄρωρα]], used by Hom. only in 3sg. [[ὄρωρε]] (v. supr.), subj. ὀρώρῃ Il.9.610, al.; and plpf. ὀρώρει 2.810, al. (cf. [[ὄρομαι]]), also [[ὠρώρει]] 18.498, A.''Ag.''653, S.''OC''1622:—Pass., perf. [[ὀρώρεται]], = [[ὄρωρε]], Od. 19.377; subj. ὀρώρηται Il.13.271: 3pl. aor. ὦρθεν Corinn.''Supp.''1.21. (Cf. Skt. ṛṇóti 'rush', aor. 3sg. [[ārta]] = [[ὦρτο]], Lat. [[orior]]; cf. also [[ἔρσεο]], [[ἔρσῃ]], and [[ἔρετο]] in [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]):—[[stir]], [[stir up]]; esp.<br><span class="bld">1</span> of bodily movement, [[urge on]], [[incite]], τινὰ ἐπί τινι Il.5.629, 12.293; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐπ' αἰετὸν ὦρσε</b> [[let loose]] his eagle upon him, Hes.''Th.''523; τινὰ ἀντία τινός Il.20.79; rarely, τινὰ εἰς ἀυάταν Pi.''P.''2.29: c. inf., <b class="b3">Ζεὺς ὦρσε μάχεσθαι</b> [[urged]] them [[on]] to fight, Il.13.794, cf. 17.273; τὴν.. ῥέξαι θεὸς ὤρορεν ἔργον Od.23.222; τόλμα μοι γλῶσσαν ὀρνύει λέγειν Pi.''O.''13.12, cf. ''P.''4.170, S.''Ant.'' 1060:—Med., with pf. [[ὄρωρα]], [[move]], [[stir oneself]], <b class="b3">εἰς ὅ κε.. μοι φίλα γούνατ' ὀρώρῃ</b> while my limbs [[have power to move]], Il.9.610, cf. Od.18.133, etc.: used by Hom. in imper. [[ὄρσεο]], [[up]]! [[arise]]! (like [[ἄγε]] and [[ἴθι]]) in exhorting, Il.3.250, al.; ὄρσο 5.109,24.88; ἀλλ' ὄρσευ πόλεμόνδε 4.264, 19.139: in hostile sense, [[rush on]], [[rush furiously]], ὦρτο δ' ἐπ' αὐτοὺς [Ἕκτωρ] 5.590, 11.343; ὦρτο δ' ἐπ' αὐτῷ 21.248; ὤρνυτο χαλκῷ Τυδεΐδης 5.17, etc.; ὄρνυται λαός A.''Th.''89(lyr.), cf. 419(lyr.), S.''OC'' 1320.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[make to arise]], [[call forth]], ἀπ' Ὠκεανοῦ.. Ἠριγένειαν ὦρσεν Od.23.348, cf. 7.169; [[awaken]], [[arouse]] from sleep, ὦρσεν.. Ἱπποκόωντα Il.10.518; of animals, [[start]], [[chase]], ὦρσαν δὲ Νύμφαι.. αἶγας ὀρεσκῴους Od.9.154; ὡς δ' ὅτε νεβρὸν ὄρεσφι κύων.. ὄρσας ἐξ εὐνῆς Il.22.190:—Med., [[arise]], [[start up]], esp. from bed, Ἠὼς ἐκ λεχέων.. ὤρνυθ' 11.2; ὤρνυτ' ἄρ' ἐξ εὐνῆφιν Od.2.2, etc.; ἀπὸ θρόνου ὦρτο φαεινοῦ Il.11.645; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὤρνυτο</b> [[attacked]] from... 5.13: abs., ὀρνυμένοιο ἄνακτος Hes.''Th.''843: c. inf., [[rise to do]] a thing, [[set about]] it, οἱ δ' εὕδειν ὤρνυντο Od.2.397 (so c. part., <b class="b3">ὄρσο κέων</b> [[get thee]] to bed, 7.342); ὦρτο.. ἴμεν 7.14, cf. Hes.''Sc.'' 40; ὦρτο πέτεσθαι Il.13.62, etc.; <b class="b3">ὤρετο.. Ζεὺς νειφέμεν</b> [[started]] or [[began to]]... 12.279; without inf., ὤρορε θεῖος ἀοιδός Od.8.539.<br><span class="bld">3</span> freq. used of things as well as persons, [[call forth]], [[excite]], of storms and the like, which the gods call forth, ὄρσας.. ἀνέμων.. ἀϋτμήν 11.407, cf. Il.14.254, 21.335; νοῦσον ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὦρσε 1.10, etc.; θεὸς χειμῶν' ἄωρον ὦρσε A.''Pers.''496:—and in Med., [[arise]], ὀρώρει δ' οὐρανόθεν νύξ Od.5.294, al.; φλὸξ ὦρτο Il.8.135; ὅτε τις χειμὼν.. ὄροιτο Od.14.522; ὦρτο δὲ κῦμα πνοιῇ ὕπο λιγυρῇ Il.23.214; πῦρ ὄρμενον ἐξαίφνης 17.738, cf. S.''OT''177 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> of human actions, passions, and the like, ὄρσαι πόλεμον Il.4.16; ἔριν Od.3.161; ἐν δὲ κυδοιμὸν ὦρσε κακόν Il.11.53; ὑφ' ἵμερον ὦρσε γόοιο 23.108, al.; μή μοι γόον ὄρνυθι Od.17.46, cf. 10.457; ἐν φόβον ὦρσε Il.13.362; ἐν μένος ὦρσεν 8.335:—and in Med., φευγόντων δ' οὔτ' ἂρ κλέος ὄρνυται οὔτε τις ἀλκή 5.532; καί μοι μένος ὤρορε 13.78; ὅππῃ οἱ νόος ὄρνυται Od.1.347; ἔριδος μέγα νεῖκος ὀρώρει Il.17.384; τῶν δὲ στόνος ὤρνυτ' ἀεικής 10.483, al.; <b class="b3">δοῦρα ὄρμενα πρόσσω</b> the darts [[flying]] on wards, 11.572; ὀρνυμένων πολέμων Pi.''O.''8.34; <b class="b3">ἀφρὸς ἀπὸ χροὸς ὤρνυτο</b> [[started]] from the skin, Hes.''Th.''191; ὠς λόγος ἐκ πατέρων ὄρωρεν Alc.71.<br><span class="bld">4</span> A.R. uses [[ὄρωρε]] nearly as = [[ἐστί]], 1.713, al.; [[ὀρώρει]] = [[ἦν]], 2.473, 3.457.—The Verb is mainly used in Ep. and Lyr. poetry; seldom found in Trag. trim., ὄρσω S.''Ant.''1060; ὦρσα A.''Pers.''496; ὄρνυμαι S.''OC''1320; [[ὠρώρει]] ib.1622, A.''Ag.''653; prob. never in Com. (Ar.''Ra.''1529 is mock-Epic) or correct Prose.