κάλαμος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[reed]], often metaph. of objects made of reed, [[flute of reed]], [[fishing rod]], [[writing teed]] etc. (h. Merc. 47 [cf. Zumbach Neuerungen 5], Pi., IA.); on the botanical meaning Strömberg Theophrastea 100f.<br />Compounds: Several compp., especially in the botan. terminology (Strömberg Theophrastea 112), z. B. [[μονοκάλαμος]] = [[with single stalk]] (Thphr.), [[καλαμηφόρος]] = [[with reed]] (X. HG 2, 1, 2; [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[-o-]]; cf. Schwyzer 526), [[καλαμητόμος]] [[cutting off stalks]] (A. R.).<br />Derivatives: [[καλάμη]] f. [[stalk]] or [[straw]] (Hom., Hdt., X., Arist.).- Diminut. [[καλαμίσκος]] (Ar., medic.), [[καλάμιον]] (pap. ); [[καλαμίς]] f. name of several objects made of reed (hell.; cf. Chantraine Formation 342f.); [[καλαμία]] (<b class="b3">-εία</b>) [[reed]] (pap.; collective); [[καλαμών]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (lit. pap.); [[καλαμάριον]] [[reed-case]] (pap.). - [[καλαμεύς]] [[fisher]] (Pankrat. ap. Ath.; cf. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf <b class="b3">-ευς</b> 75); also [[καλαμευτής]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (AP; as if from <b class="b3">*καλαμεύω</b>, cf. Chantraine 318); [[καλαμίτης]] <b class="b2">with κάλαμος etc.</b> (D.; s. Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 81f.). - [[καλάμινος]] [[made of reed]] (IA.), [[καλαμόεις]] [[of reed]] (E. in lyr.), [[καλαμώδης]] [[full of reed]], [[reed-like]] (Arist., Thphr.), [[καλαμικός]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (pap.). - [[καλαμόω]] [[provide with reed]], [[bind (a bone) with reed]] (Gal.) with [[καλαμωτή]] <b class="b2">fence of r.</b> (Eust.,H.); [[καλαμίζω]] [[blow a reed-flute]] (Ath.). - From [[καλάμη]]: [[καλαμαία]] f. kind of grasshopper (Theoc. 10, 18), [[καλαμαῖον]] n. kind of cicade (Paus. Gr., H.) cf. Gil Emerita 25, 315f.; cf. Georgacas Glotta 31, 216), [[καλαμάομαι]] [[collect grain-stalks]], [[gather ears (of corn) ]] (Kratin., LXX, Plu.) with [[καλάμημα]] (Thd.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [612] <b class="b2">*kolh₂-m-</b> [[reed]], [[straw]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[reed]], [[straw]] wit forms in Latin ([[culmus]] ), in Germanic, e. g. OHG [[halm]], in Baltic and Slavic, e. g. OPr. [[salme]] [[straw]], Latv. [[salms]], Russ. [[solóma]], Serb. [[slȁma]] . All forms except [[κάλαμος]], <b class="b3">-μη</b> can go back to IE. <b class="b2">*ḱolh₂mo-</b>, [[ḱolh₂mā-]]; therefore [[κάλαμος]] has been explained from <b class="b3">*κόλαμος</b> (cf. [[ποταμός]], <b class="b3">πλόκ-αμος</b>), through assimilation; but note on <b class="b3">-μος</b>, <b class="b3">-μη</b> Porzig Satzinhalte 283f. But the form may have been <b class="b2">*klh₂-em-</b>. - From [[κάλαμος]] Lat. [[calamus]] (s. Ernout-Meillet) like Skt. [[kaláma-]] [[writing reed]], and Arab. [[qalam]] > Osman. [[kalém]] > NGr. [[καλέμι]] (Maidhof Glotta 10, 11). - More forms in W.-Hofmann s. [[culmus]], [[calamus]], Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. [[solóma]], Pok. 612.