μάχαιρα: Difference between revisions

|txtha=genitive μαχαίρας (so ([[with]] R G) Lachmann in μαχαίρης, dative [[μάχαιρα]]. (so ([[with]] R G) Lachmann in μαχαίρῃ ([[between]] [[which]] forms the manuscripts [[vary]], cf. (Scrivener, Collation, etc., p. lvi.; Tdf. Proleg., p. 117; WH s Appendix, p. 156a); Winer's Grammar, 62 (61); Buttmann, 11; Delitzsch on ἡ, ([[akin]] to [[μάχη]] and Latin mactare);<br /><b class="num">1.</b> a [[large]] [[knife]], used for [[killing]] animals and [[cutting]] up [[flesh]]: [[Homer]], [[Pindar]], [[Herodotus]], at.; [[hence]], Alex., for מַאֲכֶלֶת.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> a [[small]] [[sword]], [[distinguished]] from the [[large]] [[sword]], the ῤομφαία (Josephus, Antiquities 6,9, 5 ἀποτεμνει [[τήν]] κεφαλήν τῇ ῤομφαία τῇ ἐκείνου (Goliath's), μάχαιραν, [[οὐκ]] ἔχων [[αὐτός]]), and curred, for a [[cutting]] [[stroke]]; [[distinct]] [[also]] from [[ξίφος]], a [[straight]] [[sword]], for thrusting, [[Xenophon]], r. eq. 12,11, cf. [[Hell]]. 3,3, 7; [[but]] the words are [[frequently]] used interchangeably. In the N. T. [[universally]], a [[sword]] (the Sept. [[often]] for חֶרֶב): as a [[weapon]] for [[making]] or repelling an [[attack]], [[στόμα]] μαχαίρας, the [[edge]] of the [[sword]] (חֶרֶב פִּי, Sept. the [[rendering]] [[στόμα]] ξίφους or [[στόμα]] ῤομφαίας is [[more]] [[common]])): [[μάχαιρα]] [[δίστομος]] ([[see]] [[δίστομος]]), ἀναιρεῖν τινα [[μάχαιρα]], [[τήν]] μαχαίρας φόρειν, to [[bear]] the [[sword]], is used of him to whom the [[sword]] has been committed, viz. to [[use]] [[when]] a [[malefactor]] is to he punished; [[hence]], equivalent to to [[have]] the [[power]] of [[life]] and [[death]], [[ξίφος]], ξιφη ἔχειν, Philostr. vit. Apoll. 7,16; vit. [[sophist]]. 1,25, 2 (3), cf. Dion Cass. 42,27; and in the Talmud the [[king]] [[who]] bears the [[sword]], of the [[Hebrew]] [[king]]). Metaphorically, [[μάχαιρα]], a [[weapon]] of [[war]], is used for [[war]], or for quarrels and dissensions [[that]] [[destroy]] [[peace]]; so in the [[phrase]] βαλεῖν μάχαιραν [[ἐπί]] [[τήν]] [[τήν]], to [[send]] [[war]] on [[earth]], [[διαμερισμόν]]); ἡ [[μάχαιρα]] τοῦ πνεύματος, the [[sword]] [[with]] [[which]] the Spirit subdues the impulses to [[sin]] and proves its [[own]] [[power]] and [[efficacy]] ([[which]] [[sword]] is said to be ῤῆμα Θεοῦ (cf. Buttmann, 128 (112))), Ephesians 6:17 (on the genitive in [[this]] [[passage]] cf. Ellicott or Meyer).