ἐπιβάλλω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<br><span class="bld">I</span>. trans., [[throw upon]] or [[cast upon]], <b class="b3">θριξὶ... ἃς ἐπέβαλλον</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[πυρί]]) Il.23.135; ἐπὶ δὲ χλαῖναν βάλεν αὐτῷ Od.14.520, cf. 4.440; <b class="b3">ἑωυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Hdt.7.107; φάρη κόραις E.''El.''1221 (lyr.); [[ἐπιβάλλω]] τινὰς ἐπὶ ἁμάξας Th.4.48, cf.Hdt.4.75,5.112; [[ἐπιβάλλοντας]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[χοῦν]]) [[throwing on more and more]], Th.2.76.<br><span class="bld">2</span>. [[lay on]], [<b class="b3">ἡμιόνοις] ἐπέβαλλεν</b> ἱμάσθλην Od.6.320; ἐπιβάλλω πληγάς τινι X.''Lac.''2.8; <b class="b3">Ζεὺς ἐπὶ χεῖρα</b> βάλοι A.''Ch.''395 (lyr.), cf.Ar.''Nu.''933 (anap.); ἐπιβάλλω τὴν χεῖρά τινι Id.''Lys.'' 440 (but <b class="b3">τῷ καρπῷ τοῦ νοσοῦντος τὴν χεῖρα</b>, of [[feel]]ing the [[pulse]], Gal. 18(2).40; so τὴν ἁφήν Id.8.821, Marcellin. ''Puls.''119); <b class="b3">τὰς χεῖρας τοῖς</b> κατ' Αἴγαιον Plb.3.2.8; Ῥωμαίοις Id.18.51.8; ἐπί τινα ''Ev.Matt.''26.50; [[impose]] as a [[tax]] [[tribute]], τινί τι Hdt.1.106, Th.8.108; as a [[fine]] or [[penalty]], <b class="b3">ζημίην, φυγὴν ἐπιβάλλω τινί</b>, Hdt.6.92 (Pass.), 7.3; ἀργύριον Lys.9.6; ἐπιβολάς Id.20.14, cf. Arist.''Ath.''61.2; λύτρα [[LXX]] ''Ex.''21.30 (Pass.); [[inflict]], <b class="b3">ἀνάλγητα.. ἐπέβαλε θνατοῖς, λύπην</b>, etc., S.''Tr.''128 (lyr.), E.''Med.''1115 (anap.), etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span>. <b class="b3">ἐπιβάλλω σφρηγῖδα, ἐπιβάλλω δακτύλιον</b>, [[affix]] a [[seal]], Hdt.3.128, 2.38; σφραγῖδ' ἐπί τι [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''559; <b class="b3">σύμβολόν τινι</b> ib.1215.<br><span class="bld">4</span>. [[add]], [[contribute]], <b class="b3">μικρὸν [ἀληθεία</b>] Arist.''Metaph.''993b2; ἐπιβάλλω ἐπὶ τὸ [[ὕδωρ]] Thphr.''Ign.''49; <b class="b3">νέον [φῶς</b>] Pl.''Cra.''409b: metaph., [[throw in]], [[mention]], τι dub. in S.''El.''1246 (lyr.) (in Med., "χαίρειν τεοῖς προθύροις ἐπιβάλλομαι Theoc.23.27); <b class="b3">Φαῖστος.. ἐπιβάλλων φησί</b> Sch.Pi.''P.''4.28: abs., [[bid higher]], Arist.''Pol.''1259a14.<br><span class="bld">5</span>. [[place next in order]], Plb.1.26.15.<br><span class="bld">6</span>. [[let grow]], κλήματα Thphr. ''HP''4.13.5; [[βλαστούς]] ib.3.5.1.<br><span class="bld">7</span>. [[let loose]], πρόβατα ἐπὶ κνῆκον ''PRyl.''69.6 (i B.C.).<br><span class="bld">8</span>. causal of ἐπιβαίνω A. 111.3, D.Chr.7.134.<br><span class="bld">II</span>. [[throw oneself upon]], [[go straight towards]], c. acc., ἡ δὲ Φεὰς ἐπέβαλλεν Od.15.297: later c. dat. loci, Plb.5.18.3, D.S.1.30, Plot.3.7.12, etc.; νήσοις Rhian.39; εἰς [[Ἰταλία]]ν, ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον, Plb.2.24.17, 5.6.6, cf. ''PAmh.''2.31.5 (ii B.C.), etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span>. [[fall upon]], <b class="b3">ὅπου γὰρ ἂν ὁ ἥλιος ἐπιβάλλῃ</b> = wherever the sun [[shine]]s its [[ray]]s Arist. ''HA''598a3; especially in [[hostile]] sense, [[set upon]], c.dat., ib.623b1, etc.; τοῖσ' Αρβήλοις D.S.17.64: abs., ἐπιβάλλω ληστρικῷ τρόπῳ ''PRyl.''127.10 (i A.D.); [[ἐπιβάλλουσαι]] = [[jostling]], [[trampling]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''248a; [[sensu obsceno|sens. obsc.]], [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1216.<br><span class="bld">3</span>. (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τὸν νοῦν</b>) [[set to]] a thing, [[devote oneself to]] it, c. dat., M.Ant.10.30; τοῖς αὐλοῖς D.S.3.59; τοῖς κοινοῖς πράγμασιν Plu.''Cic.''4 (in full <b class="b3">τὴν διάνοιαν ἐπιβάλλω πρός</b> τι D.S.20.43): generally, [[give one's attention to]], [[think on]], Ev.Marc. 14.72.<br><span class="bld">b</span>. [[apprehend]], Epicur. ''Fr.''423; [[attain by intuition]], c.dat., Dam.''Pr.''54.<br><span class="bld">4</span>. [[fall in one's way]], <b class="b3">ὅταν ἐπιβάλλῃ περὶ τῆς τοιαύτης</b> [[πολιτεία]]ς ἡ [[σκέψις]] Arist.''Pol.''1266a25; κατὰ τὸν ἐπιβάλλοντα λόγον Id.''GA''716a3.<br><span class="bld">5</span>. [[follow]], [[come next]], Plb.11.23.2; τισί Plu.''Aem.'' 33; <b class="b3">ἐφ' ὃν ἐπιβαλὼν ἔφη</b> said [[thereupon]], Plb.1.80.1; [[interrupt]], ἀποκρινομένῳ Thphr.''Char.''7.2.<br><span class="bld">6</span>. [[belong to]], [[fall to the share of]], [[μόριον]] ὅσον αὐτοῖσι ἐπέβαλλε Hdt.7.23, cf. Diph.43.16; <b class="b3">εἰ μὴ τὸ ὅλον, μέρος</b> γε, ἐπιβάλλει τῆς βλασφημίας ἅπασι D.18.272; ὅσον ἐπιβάλλει αὐτοῖς Arist.''Pol.''1260a19; <b class="b3">ἑκάστῳ τῆς εὐδαιμονίας ἐπιβάλλει τοσοῦτον ὅσονπερ</b> [[ἀρετῆς]] ib.1323b21; <b class="b3">τῶν κτημάτων τὸ ἐπιβάλλον</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[μέρος]]) [[the]] [[portion that falls to one]], Hdt.4.115, cf. [[LXX]] ''To.''3.17,6.12; so <b class="b3">τὸ ἐπιβάλλον ἐφ'</b> ἡμᾶς μέρος D.18.254; τὸ ἐπιβάλλον μέρος τῆς οὐσίας ''Ev.Luc.''15.12, cf. ''PGrenf.'' 1.33.33 (ii B.C.), etc.; [[fall due]], of payments, ''PLond.''1.3.21 (ii B.C.); <b class="b3">τόκον ὃν ἔφη ἐπιβάλλειν αὑτῷ</b> which was [[payable]] by him, ''BCH''6.21 (Delos, ii B.C.).<br><span class="bld">b</span>. part. [[ἐπιβάλλων]], in Law, [[next-of-kin]], ὁ [[ἐπιβάλλων]], οἱ [[ἐπιβάλλοντες]], ''Leg.Gort.''7.36, 11.42, al.<br><span class="bld">7</span>. impers. c. acc. et inf., <b class="b3">τοὺς Δελφοὺς</b> <b class="b3">δὴ ἐπέβαλλε.. παρασχεῖν</b> it [[concern]]ed them to [[provide]], Hdt.2.180: or c. dat. et inf., ἐπιβάλλει τινὶ ποιεῖν τι Chrysipp.Stoic.2.39,al., Plb.18.51.1; ἐπιβάλλοντος ἡμῖν εὐεργετικοῖς εἶναι Corn.''ND''15; <b class="b3">κοινῇ πᾶσιν</b> ἐπιβάλλει ''UPZ''112.10 (ii B.C.); καθότι ἐπέβαλλεν ἀνδρὶ καλῷ καὶ ἀγαθῷ ''IG''12(7).231.5 (Amorgos): freq. in part., <b class="b3">ἐπιβάλλουσαν ἡγεῖσθαι τὴν</b> <b class="b3">στρατείαν τινί</b> [[incumbent]] upon.., Teles p.61 H.; τὸ ἐπιβάλλον Cleanth.Stoic.1.128, Arr.''Epict.''2.11.3, etc.; τὰς ἐπιβαλλούσας τάσεις τῆς φωνῆς Chrysipp.Stoic.2.96; <b class="b3">τὸ τῇ φύσει ἐπιβάλλον</b> Antip.Stoic.3.255; [[appropriate]], [[ὑποδοχαί]] Telesp.41 H.; ἰήματα ''IG''22.1121.15; ἁρμονία Iamb.''Comm.'' ''Math.''30; <b class="b3">ἡ στέρησις ἐπιβάλλοντός ἐστι παρεῖναι εἴδους τινός</b> a specific form which [[ought]] to be present, Plot.1.8.11.<br><span class="bld">8</span>. [[shut to]], [[close]], of the larynx, Arist.''PA''664b26.<br><span class="bld">9</span>. in Logic, <b class="b3">λόγοι ἐπιβάλλοντες</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπιβαλλόμενοι</b>, [[overlapping]] and [[overlapped]], of [[syllogism]]s in a [[sorites]], Chrysipp.Stoic.2.85; so of [[time]], ἐπέβαλε τοῖς χρόνοις Ἰουλιανῷ Eun.''VS'' p.497 B.:—Med., γηραιῷ τῷ Κυρηναίῳ ἐπεβάλετο Anon. ''Intr.Arat.'' p.326M.<br><span class="bld">10</span>. in Alchemy, make a '[[projection]]' (cf. [[ἐπιβολή]]), Syn.Alch.p.68B.<br><span class="bld">III</span>. Med., mostly like the intr. usages, but also:<br><span class="bld">1</span>. c. gen., [[throw oneself upon]], [[desire eagerly]], ἐνάρων ἐπιβαλλόμενος Il.6.68; παρθενίας ἐπιβάλλομαι Sapph.102; τοῦ [[εὖ ζῆν]] ἐπιβάλλονται Arist.''Pol.''1258a3.<br><span class="bld">2</span>. c. acc., [[put upon oneself]], [[ἐπιβαλλομέναν]].. πλόκον ἀνθέων E.''Med.''840; [[ἐπιβάλλεσθαι]] = [[put on more wraps]], Thphr. ''Char.''2.10 (cf. IV. ''1''); ὕπνον ἡδὺν ἐπιβαλλόμενος D.Chr.12.51: metaph., [[take possession of]], καὶ ἐπὶ κλήρους ἐβάλοντο Od.14.209; <b class="b3">αὐθαίρετον δουλείαν ἐπιβαλεῖται</b> [[will take upon himself]], Th.6.40.<br><span class="bld">b</span>. of trees, [[make fresh growth]], Thphr. ''HP''3.5.1.<br><span class="bld">3</span>. c.acc., also, [[attempt]], [[undertake]], ἔργον Pl.''Sph.''264b, ''Ti.''48c; μέθοδον Arist.''Pol.'' 1260b36: c.inf., Decr. ap. D.18.164, Zeno Stoic.1.68, Plb.1.43.2, etc.: abs., <b class="b3">πολλῶν ἐπιβεβλημένων</b> though many have made the [[attempt]], Agatharch. 76.<br><span class="bld">4</span>. c. dat., [[put one's hand to]], ἐχέτλῃ ''AP''7.650 (Phal.(?)): metaph., [[apply oneself to]] or [[devote oneself to]], τόλμῃ καὶ πράξει Plb.5.81.1; ἐγχειρήματι μεγάλῳ D.H.5.25, etc.<br><span class="bld">5</span>. [[arrive at]], ([[πολίεσσι]]) Call.''Del.''68; ὅταν ἐπὶ τοὺς χρόνους ἐπιβαλώμεθα D.S.19.55.<br><span class="bld">6</span>. <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πᾶσι ἐπεβάλοντο</b> [[brought up the rear]], Id.18.33.<br><span class="bld">IV</span>. in Pass., [[lie upon]], [[be put upon]], <b class="b3">ἐπιβεβλημένοι τοξόται</b> [[archer]]s with their [[arrow]]s on the [[string]], X.''An.''4.3.28, cf. 5.2.12; <b class="b3">λάσιον ἐπιβεβλημένος</b> [[having]] a [[rough]] [[cloak]] on, Theopomp.Com.36; <b class="b3">τὸ ἐν ψύχει κεῖσθαι</b> ἐπιβεβλημένον Hp.''Epid.''2.3.1, cf. 6.4.14; διφθέραν ἐπιβεβλημένη D.Chr.5.25.<br><span class="bld">2</span>. to [[be set over]], ὁ [[τελώνης]] ὁ [[ἐπιβεβλημένος]] τῷ Ζεύγματι Philostr. ''VA''1.20.<br><span class="bld">3</span>. Rhet., [[ornate]] (v. [[ἐπιβολή]]), <b class="b3">ἰδέα λόγων οὔτ' ἐπιβεβλημένη</b> οὔτ' αὖος Id.''VS''1.20.2.