τομή: Difference between revisions

|Definition= ἡ, ([[τέμνω]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[end left after cutting]], [[stump of a tree]], <b class="b3">ἐπεὶ δὴ πρῶτα τομὴν ἐν ὄρεσσι λέλοιπεν [τὸ σκῆπτρον]</b> Il.1.235; <b class="b3">ῥιζῶν τομαί</b> the [[end]]s of the [[root]]s ([[left by cutting away]] the [[tree]]), S.''Fr.''534.5 (anap.); <b class="b3">ὀπὸν.. στάζοντα τομῆς</b> ib.2; <b class="b3">δοκοῦ τομή</b> [[end]] of a [[beam]], Th.2.76; ἡ τοῦ καλάμου τομή [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 4.11.7, cf. Theoc.10.46; <b class="b3">λίθοι ἐν τομῇ ἐγγώνιοι</b> stones cut square, Th.1.93 (sed leg. [[ἐντομῇ]]) <b class="b3">; σκέψαι τομῇ προσθεῖσα βόστρυχον</b> having fitted the lock to [[the place from which it was cut]], A.''Ch.''229 (<b class="b3">σκέψαιτο μὴ</b> cod. M, distinxit Turnebus); <b class="b3">πρὸς τὴν τομὴν μεταστρέφειν</b> to the [[cut]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 190e, cf. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''532a4.<br><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">Ταύροιο τ.</b> prob. = [[προτομή]] ''1'', Arat. 322.<br><span class="bld">2</span> Math., [[section]], as a circle is the [[section]] of a [[sphere]], a [[conic]] [[section]] of the [[cone]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Meteorologica|Mete.]]''375b32, ''Pr.''912a13, cf. ''App.Anth.''4.74 (Synesius); with or without [[κοινή]], [[the line in which two planes cut]] each other, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''1060b14, Euc.11.16, Archim. ''Con.Sph.''11, al., Apollon.Perg.''Con.''1.4, etc.; [[point of intersection]] of two lines, Archim.''Spir.''20, al., Ptol.''Alm.''3.3, etc.: abstract use, <b class="b3">περὶ διωρισμένης τομῆς</b> [[On determinate section]], name of lost treatise of Apollon.Perg.; <b class="b3">τὰ περὶ τὴν τομήν</b> the theorems about the [[section]] (''[[sc.]]'' in extreme and mean ratio), Procl.''in Euc.''p.67 F.:—in conic sections, <b class="b3">τομαὶ ἀντικείμεναι</b> [[opposite]] [[section]]s, i.e. [[branch]]es of [[hyperbola]], Apollon.Perg.''Con.''2.15; <b class="b3">συζυγεῖς τομαί</b> [[conjugate]] [[section]]s of [[hyperbola]]s, ib.17.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[incision]] or [[insection]] between parts of an [[insect]]'s body (whence their name of [[ἔντομον|ἔντομα]]), [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]''682b25.<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἡ εἰς ἄπειρον τ.</b> infinite [[divisibility]], Epicur.''Ep.''1p.16U.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[cutting]], [[cleaving]], <b class="b3">ἐν τομᾷ σιδάρου</b> by [[stroke]] of iron, S.''Tr.''887 (lyr.); πελέκεως τομή E.''El.''160 (lyr.); φασγάνου τομαί Id.''Or.''1101; [[cutting off]] or [[cutting down]], ξύλου S.''Tr.''700; [[vine]]-[[cutting]], PCair.Zen. 736.29 (iii B.C.); [[cutting up]], εἰς τομὴν καὶ προσαγωγὴν χάλικος ''PPetr.''3p.290 (iii B.C.); [[hewing]], λίθων ''IG''12.336.7, 11, ''SIG''244 ii 58 (Delph., iv B.C.), ''IG''42(1).106i19, al. (Epid., iv B.C.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[use of the knife]] in surgery, Hp.''VC''13; ἢ καύσει ἢ τομῇ χρησάμενος [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 406d; οὔτε τομὴ οὔτε [[καῦσις]] Hp.''Art.''62; σιδήρου τομή Sor.1.80: pl., Pi.''P.''3.53, E.''Fr.''403.6; τὰς θεραπείας.. διὰ καύσεών τε καὶ τομῶν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 354a, cf. ''Ti.''65b.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[castration]], Luc. ''Philops.''2.<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">τομὴ φαρμάκων</b> [[shredding]] of [[drug]]s, Conon 23.2.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[pruning]], ἀμπέλων [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[De Causis Plantarum|CP]]'' 3.14.2, Paus.2.38.3.<br><span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">σκυτῶν τομή</b> [[cutting]] or [[shaping]] of [[leather]], Pl.''Chrm.''173d.<br><span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">αἱ τ. τῆς γῆς</b>, i.e. [[canal]]s, Lib. ''Or.''18.232.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[severance]], [[separation]], τομὴ καὶ [[διάκρισις]] Pl.''Ti.''61d, cf. 80e; of [[number]], [[division]], Id.''Lg.''738a; <b class="b3">τομὴν ἔχειν ἔν τινι</b> to [[admit]] a [[distinction]] in... ib.944b; <b class="b3">χρονικαὶ τομαί</b> = [[distinction]]s of [[tense]]s, A.D.''Synt.''10.18; [[process of division]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[μεγέθους]]), Nicom. ''Ar.''1.2.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[logical division]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 261a, Arist.''APo.''95b30, ''Metaph.'' 1038a28, Gal.10.899.<br><span class="bld">3</span> metaph., [[conciseness]] or [[precision]] in expression, Eun.''VS''p.461B.<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">τομὴ πράγματος</b>, = [[decisio]], ''Glossaria''<br><span class="bld">IV</span> a [[cut]], [[wound]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''632a18, Aen.Tact.11.14: metaph., [[wound]], [[πόλις]] δεδεγμένη τ. Plu.''Cor.''16, cf. ''Per.''11.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[caesura]] in [[verse]], Aristid.Quint.1.24; more generally, [[break between successive words]], Hermog.''Id.''2.10, Heph.15.2, al., Eust.740.1.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[edge]], [[cutting power]], σιδήρου Arr.''Tact.''12.2.