urbs: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>urbs</b>: urbis (dat. VRBEI, Corp. Inscr. Lat. 206), f. Sanscr. vardh-, to [[make]] [[strong]]; cf. Pers. vard-ana, [[city]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[walled]] [[town]], a [[city]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen.: hi [[coetus]] sedem [[primum]] [[certo]] [[loco]] domiciliorum causā constituerunt: [[quam]] cum locis manuque sepsissent, ejusmodi conjunctionem tectorum [[oppidum]] vel urbem appellaverunt, delubris distinctam spatiisque communibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 41; cf.: [[post]] ea qui fiebat [[orbis]], urbis [[principium]], Varr. L. L. 5, § 143 Müll.: [[urbs]] dicitur ab orbe, [[quod]] antiquae civitates in orbem flebant, id. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 12: [[interea]] [[Aeneas]] urbem designat [[aratro]], Verg. A. 5, 755 Serv.: veni Syracusas, [[quod]] ab eā urbe ... quae [[tamen]] [[urbs]], etc., Cic. Phil. 1, 3, 7: certabant urbem Romam Remoramne vocarent, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 85 Vahl.): arce et urbe [[sum]] orba, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 114 ib.): urbes magnae et imperiosae, id. Rep. 1, 2, 3: [[urbs]] [[illa]] praeclara ([[Syracusae]]), id. ib. 3, 31, 43: duabus urbibus eversis inimicissimis huic imperio, id. Lael. 3, 11.— Rarely, and [[mostly]] [[poet]]., [[with]] the [[name]] of the [[city]] in gen.: [[urbs]] Patavi, Buthroti, Verg. A. 1, 247; 3, 293: [[Cassius]] in [[oppido]] Antiochiae cum omni exercitu, Cic. Att. 5, 18, 1.—With adj. [[prop]].: [[urbs]] Romana = [[Roma]], Liv. 9, 41, 16; 22, 37, 12; 40, 36, 14; Flor. 1, 13, 21.—Of [[other]] cities ([[rare]] and [[post]]-[[class]].): Lampsacenae urbis [[salus]], Val. Max. 7, 3, ext. 4: in urbe Aquilejensi, Paul. v. S. Ambros. 32: [[urbs]] urbium, a [[metropolis]], Flor. 2, 6, 35.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In partic., the [[city]] of [[Rome]] ([[like]] [[ἄστυ]], of [[Athens]]): [[postquam]] Urbis appellationem, [[etiamsi]] [[nomen]] proprium non adiceretur, Romam [[tamen]] accipi [[sit]] [[receptum]], Quint. 6, 3, 103; cf. id. 8, 2, 8; 8, 5, 9: hujus urbis condendae [[principium]] profectum a Romulo, Cic. Rep. 2, 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 1, 47, 71; 1, 1, 1; 1, 37, 58: ([[Caesar]]) maturat ab urbe proficisci, Caes. B. G. 1, 7: de urbe augendā [[quid]] [[sit]] promulgatum, non intellexi, Cic. Att. 13, 20, 1: [[conditor]] urbis ([[Romulus]]), Ov. F. 1, 27: ([[pater]]) Dextera sacras jaculatus arces Terruit urbem, Hor. C. 1, 2, 4: minatus urbi vincla, id. Epod. 9, 9; called also [[urbs]] aeterna, Amm. 14, 6, 1.— Ad urbem esse, to [[stop]] at or [[near]] [[Rome]]; in publicists' lang., of [[returning]] generals, [[who]] had to [[remain]] [[outside]] of the [[city]] [[till]] the Senate decreed [[them]] the [[right]] of [[entrance]]; or of [[provincial]] magistrates [[who]] were preparing for [[departure]] to [[their]] provinces, Cic. Verr. 1, 15, 45 Ascon.; 2, 2, 6, § 17; Sall. C. 30, 4; Caes. B. C. 6, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf., as in Engl.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[city]], for the citizens ([[rare]]; cf. [[civitas]]): invadunt urbem somno vinoque sepultam, Verg. A. 2, 265: maesta attonitaque, Juv. 11, 198: [[bene]] moratae, Auct. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 24.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[capital]] [[city]], [[metropolis]] ([[post]]-[[class]].): si tam vicinum urbi [[municipium]] [[sit]], ut, etc., Dig. 39, 2, 4 fin.; Cod. Th. 14, 1, 3.—*<br /><b>II</b> Trop.: urbem philosophiae, mihi crede, proditis, dum castella defenditis, i. e. the [[main]] [[point]], Cic. Div. 2, 16, 37.