ἐπίσταμαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=2 pers.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἐπίστασαι [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''376, 982, S.''El.''629, Pl.''Euthd.''296a, but ἐπίστᾳ Pi.''P.''3.80, A.''Eu.''86, 581, ἐπίστῃ Thgn.1085, ''PCair.Zen.'' 41.19 (iii B.C.), Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπίστεαι ἐξ-</b>) [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.135; imper. [[ἐπίστασο]] ib. 29, 209, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''840, 967, ''PCair.Zen.''57.4 (iii B.C.), etc., but [[ἐπίσταο]] [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.209, contr. ἐπίστω [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''658, etc.; subj. Ion. [[ἐπιστέωμαι]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.134, Att. [[ἐπίστωμαι]] Pl.''Euthd.''296a: impf. ἠπιστάμην [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''267, etc.; without augm. ἐπίστατο Il.5.60: [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] has ἐπ- 5.42 (v.l.<b class="b3">ἠπ-</b>), ἠπ- 3.139; Ion. 3pl. [[ἠπιστέατο]] or ἐπιστέατο 8.132: fut. ἐπιστήσομαι Il.21.320, etc.: aor. 1 ἠπιστήθην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.15, Pl.''Lg.''687a.<br><span class="bld">I</span>. [[know]] how to do, [[be able]] to do, [[be capable]] of doing, c.inf., <b class="b3">οὐδέ οἱ ὀστέ'</b> ἐπιστήσονται Ἀχαιοὶ ἀλλέξαι Il.21.320, cf. Od.13.207, Sapph.70, etc.: Hom. has it both of intellectual power, <b class="b3">ὅς τις ἐπίσταιτο ᾗσι φρεσὶν</b> ἄρτια βάζειν Il.14.92; ἐπιστάμεναι σάφα θυμῷ Od.4.730; and of artistic skill, ὃς χερσὶν ἐπίστατο δαίδαλα πάντα τεύχειν Il.5.60: freq. in Trag. and Att., οὔπω σωφρονεῖν ἐπίστασαι [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''982, cf. 1032, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]'' 589; πένεσθαι δ' οὐκ ἐ. δόμος A.''Ag.''962; ἐ... θεοὺς σέβειν E.''Hipp.''996, cf. ''Alc.''566; <b class="b3">κιθαρίζειν οὐκ ἐ.</b> Ar.''V.''989, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 223d, ''R.''420e, al.: without inf., [[σεαυτὸν σῷζ' ὅπως ἐπίστασαι]] = [[save yourself as best you can]], [[save yourself in whatever way you know how]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''376, cf. ''Eu.'' 581.<br><span class="bld">2</span>. to [[be assured]], [[feel sure]] that... <b class="b3">τοῦτον ἐπίστανται πλεῖστα</b> εἰδέναι Heraclit.57, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.134, 139, 6.139, al.: followed by [[ὡς]], Id.1.122.<br><span class="bld">II</span>. c. acc., [[understand]] a [[matter]], [[know]], [[be versed in]] or [[be acquainted with]], πολλὰ δ' ἐπίστατο ἔργα Il.23.705, cf. Od.2.117; Μουσέων δῶρον Archil.1; τὴν τέχνην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.130; τὸ μέλλον A.''Pers.'' 373; ἐμπειρίᾳ ἐ. τὴν ναυτικήν Th.4.10; τὰς φύσεις ὑμῶν Id.7.14; πάσας τὰς [[δημιουργία]]ς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 598c; <b class="b3">ἔγωγε γράμματ' οὐδ' ἐ.</b> Cratin.122; <b class="b3">τὸ μὴ ἐ. γράμματα</b> illiteracy, ''PRyl.''73.19 (i B.C.), etc.; <b class="b3">ἐ. ἱερατικὰ</b> καὶ Αἰγύπτια γράμματα ''PTeb.'' 291.41 (ii A.D.); <b class="b3">ἐ. μύθους τοὺς Αἰσώπου</b> [[know]] them [[by heart]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 61b, cf. ''Grg.''484b: also with an Adv., <b class="b3">Συριστὶ ἐ.</b> [[know]] Syrian, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.5.31; with acc. and inf. conjoined, A.''Eu.''276; with inf. to expl. the acc., <b class="b3">ἔργον δὲ μοῦνον ἐσθίειν ἐ.</b> Semon.7.24, cf. Archil.65.<br><span class="bld">2</span>. after Hom., [[know]] as a fact, [[know]] [[for certain]], ἐπισταμένοισι εὖ οὐκ ἄν τις λέγοι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.8.ά, etc.; used convertibly with [[εἰδέναι]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''163b, Arist.''APr.''66b31, ''Ph.''184a10; even <b class="b3">χάριν ἐ.</b>, = [[χάριν εἰδέναι]], Jul.''Or.''8.246c(but sometimes [[εἰδέναι]] is general, [[ἐπίστασθαι]] being confined to [[scientific]] [[knowledge]] ([[ἐπιστήμη]]) <b class="b3">, διὰ τὸ</b> εἰδέναι τὸ ἐπίστασθαι ἐδίωκον [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''982b21): freq.strengthened, <b class="b3">εὖ ἐ.</b> [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]l.c.; <b class="b3">σαφῶς ἐ.</b> [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''840, etc.: most freq. c. acc., <b class="b3">τὰ διαφέροντα</b> ἐ. And.4.19, etc.; also ἐ. περί τινος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.3, Th.6.60; περὶ θεῶν E.''Fr.''795.4: followed by a dependent clause, <b class="b3">τί σφιν χρήσηται ἐ.</b> Thgn. 772; <b class="b3">ἐ. ὅτι..</b>, or <b class="b3">ἐ. τοῦτο, ὅτι..</b>, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.3, 156, etc.; ὡς.. A.''Pers.''599; τοῦτ' ἐπίστασ', ὡς [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1370; ἐ. αὐτὸν οἷς ψωμίζεται [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''715, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span>. rarely, [[know]] a person, <b class="b3">Ἀρίγνωτον γὰρ οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐκ ἐ.</b> [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''1278, cf. Muson.''Fr.''3p.12H., Luc.''Asin.''1; <b class="b3">τὸν Ἰησοῦν γινώσκω</b> <b class="b3">καὶ τὸν Παῦλον ἐ.</b> ''Act.Ap.''19.15; but ὁ παῖς τοὺς τεκόντας οὐκ ἐ. [[do]]es not [[know]] [[who]] they [[are]], E.''Ion''51.<br><span class="bld">III</span>. c. part., in Prose and Trag., [[know]] [[that]] one is, has, etc., εὖ ἐ. αὐτὸς σχήσων [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.42; ἐσθλὸς ὢν ἐπίστασο [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1399, cf. Th.2.44; also <b class="b3">ὡς ὧδ' ἐχόντων τῶνδ'</b> ἐ. σε χρή [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''281; <b class="b3">ὡς φανέν γε τοὔπος ὧδ' ἐ.</b> Id.''OT''848: c. dupl. acc., <b class="b3">ἑαυτοὺς Φαυστύλου ἠπιστάμεθα παῖδας</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὄντας]]) Plu.''Rom.''7: c.acc. et inf., S.''Ant.''1092, Lys.''Fr.''53.1.<br><span class="bld">IV</span>. pres. part. [[ἐπιστάμενος]], η, ον, freq. as adjective, [[knowing]], [[understanding]], [[skilful]], <b class="b3">ἀνδρὸς ἐ.</b> Od.14.359; χαλεπὸν ἐ. περ ἐόντι Il.19.80; <b class="b3">καὶ μάλ' ἐ.</b> Od.13.313; even of a [[dancer]]'s feet, θρέξασκον ἐπισταμένοισι πόδεσσι Il.18.599: also c.gen., <b class="b3">φόρμιγγος ἐ. καὶ ἀοιδῆς</b> [[skilled]], [[versed in]] them, Od.21.406: and c. dat., ἄκοντι Il.15.282: hence,<br><span class="bld">2</span>. Adv. [[ἐπισταμένως]] = [[skilfully]], [[expertly]], 7.317, Hes.''Th.''87, etc.; [[εὖ]] καὶ [[ἐπισταμένως]] Il.10.265, Od.20.161, Hes.''Op.''107; ἐ. πίνειν Thgn.212; also in Prose, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.1.3, A.D.''Adv.''146.7, Vett. Val.298.2: c.inf., with [[knowledge]] how to... Epicur.''Nat.''14.4. (Since <b class="b3">ἐφίστημι τὸν νοῦν</b> is used in the sense of [[ἐπίσταμαι]], [[attend]], [[observe]], it is prob. that [[ἐπίσταμαι]] is merely an old med. form of [[ἐφίστημι]], cf. Arist. ''Ph.''247b11 <b class="b3">τῷ γὰρ ἠρεμῆσαι καὶ στῆναι τὴν διάνοιαν ἐπίστασθαι.. λέγομεν</b>, and v. [[ἐπίστασις]] II.2.)