φρίσσω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bld">A</span> Att. [[φρίττω]] [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 387c: fut. φρίξω Gal.13.365: aor. ἔφριξα Il.13.339, etc.: pf. πέφρῑκα 11.383, etc.; ''poet.'' part. πεφρίκοντες Pi.''P.''4.183: plpf. ἐπεφρίκει Plu.2.781e, Alciphr.1.1:—Med., aor. 1 [[ἐφριξάμην]] [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in Polyaen.4.6.7. [ῑ by nature, hence to be accented [[φρῖσσον]] in Hes.''Sc.''171, φρῖξαι S.''El.''1408 (lyr.)]:—to [[be rough]] or [[be uneven on the surface]], [[bristle]], <b class="b3">φρίσσουσιν ἄρουραι</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[σταχύεσσι]]) Il.23.599; φρίξας κάρπιμος στάχυς E.''Supp.''31; of a line of battle, ἔφριξεν μάχη ἐγχείῃσιν Il.13.339; φάλαγγες σάκεσίν τε καὶ ἔγχεσι πεφρικυῖαι 4.282, cf. 7.62; <b class="b3">φρίξας εὐλόφῳ σφηκώματι</b>, of the crest of a helmet, S.''Fr.''341; of a tree, φρίσσουσα ζεφύροις Pl.''Eleg.''25; φιάλα χρυσῷ πεφρικυῖα Pi.''I.''6(5).40; <b class="b3">χερσὶ δεξιωνύμοις ἔφριξεν αἰθήρ</b>, of a crowd holding up their hands to vote, A.''Supp.''608; of hair, mane, or bristles, [[bristle up]], [[stand on end]], <b class="b3">μηδ' ὀρθαὶ φρίσσωσιν [τρίχες]</b> Hes.''Op.''540, cf. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''560b8, ''Pr.''888a38; ἔφριξαν ἔθειραι Theoc. 25.244; of foliage, <b class="b3">φύλλα πεφρικότα</b>, opp. [[κεκλιμένα]], [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 3.9.4: c.acc. of respect, <b class="b3">φρίξας εὖ λοφιήν</b> [[having set up his bristly]] mane, Od.19.446; φ. τρίχας Hes.''Sc.''391; <b class="b3">φ. νῶτον, αὐχένας</b>, Il.13.473, Hes.''Sc.''171; χαίταν Ar.''Ra.''822 (lyr.); also <b class="b3">πτεροῖσι νῶτα πεφρίκοντες</b> [[bristling on]] their backs with feathers, Pi.''P.''4.183; λέοντος δέρος χαίτῃ πεφρικός E.''Ph.''1121.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἄσθματι φρίσσων πνοάς</b> [[ruckling]] in his throat, of one just dying, dub.l. in Pi.''N.''10.74.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of the [[rippling]] surface of smooth water (cf. [[φρίξ]] ''1''), φ. θάλασσαι.. πνοιῇσι D.P.112, cf. Alciphr.1.1; of breakers, ῥηγμῖνες φ. A.R.4.1575, cf. Ael.''NA''7.33; also of rain, φρίσσοντες ὄμβροι Pi.''P.''4.81, expld. by Sch. as <b class="b3">φρίσσειν ποιοῦντες</b>, cf. [[ὁπόταν]].. φρίσσων Βορέας ἐπισπέρχῃ Id.''Parth.''2.18.<br><span class="bld">II</span> freq. of a feeling of [[chill]], [[shiver]], [[shudder]]:<br><span class="bld">1</span> of the effect of cold, [[shiver]], Hes.''Op.''512, Hp.''Aff.'' 11, Arist.''Pr.''963a33, 965a33; <b class="b3">χωρὶς τοῦ φρῖξαι</b> unless he [[catch a chill]], Gal.10.803; of the teeth, [[chatter]], D.H.''Rh.''10.9.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of the effect of fear, [[shudder]], S.''El.''1408 (lyr.), ''Tr.''1044; πέφρικ' ἐγὼ μέν, αὖός εἰμι τῷ δέει Men.''Epit.''480; φ. γαῖα πόντος τε ''h.Hom.''27.8; <b class="b3">ἅλω δὲ πολλὴν.. ἔφριζα δινήσαντος</b> I [[shuddered]] when he swung the vast shield round, A.''Th.''490; <b class="b3">οὐ φρίττουσιν</b> (''[[sc.]]'' animals) ὡς φρίττουσιν οἱ ἄνθρωποι Phld.''D.''1.12: c. acc., [[shudder at]] one, οἵ τέ σε πεφρίκασι Il.11.383; πάντες δέ με πεφρίκασιν 24.775, cf. Pi.''O.''7.38, S.''Ant.''997, Ar.''Nu.''1133; τῶν δημοτέων φ. τὸν ἥκιστον Herod.2.30; τοὺς τελώνας πᾶσα νῦν θύρη φρίσσει Id.6.64; πεφρικέναι τὸν θάνατον Phld.''Mort.'' 39; φρίττουσι τὴν σύντροφόν τε καὶ φίλην οἱ ἰχθύες θάλατταν Ael.''NA''9.57: c. acc. et inf., <b class="b3">πέφρικα.. Ἐρινὺν τελέσαι</b> I [[tremble]] at the thought of her accomplishing... A.''Th.''720 (lyr.) (but not c. dat., for <b class="b3">ἐρετμοῖσι φρίξουσι</b> they [[shall shudder]] at the oars is [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] for [[φρύξουσι]] in Orac. ap. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.96): c. part., <b class="b3">πέφρικα λεύσσων</b> I [[shudder at]] seeing, A.''Supp.''346; φ. σε δερκομένα Id.''Pr.''540 (lyr.), cf. 695 (lyr.): c. inf., [[fear to]] do, D.21.135: c. Prep., φ. πρὸς τοὺς πόνους Plu.2.8f; φ. πρὸς τὴν ἀκοὴν τῆς Ῥωμαίων τέχνης Lib.''Or.''24.16; φ. ὑπὲρ ὧν προσήκει παθεῖν D.51.9.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[feel a holy thrill]] or [[awe at]], ἐν ἱερῷ φ. ἅπαντα καὶ προσκυνεῖν Plu.2.26b; τοὺς θεοὺς πέφρικα Jul.''Or.''7.212b, al.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[thrill]] with passionate joy, ἔφριξ' ἔρωτι [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''693, A.''Fr.''387.—Rare in early Prose, exc. in the sense of [[shuddering]], [[fearing]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 387c, ''Phdr.''251a, D.ll.cc.