καρκίνος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῐ], ὁ, heterocl. pl. [[καρκίνα]] (v. sub. fin.: on the accent v. Hdn.Gr.2.926):—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[crab]], Epich.53, Hellanic.103 J., S.Ichn.298, Ar. Eq.608, Pl.Euthd.297c, Batr.299; καρκίνος ποδήνεμοι Crates Com.29.3: various species distinguished, Arist.HA525a34, cf. 601a17, al.: [[proverb|prov.]], [[οὔποτε ποιήσεις τὸν καρκίνον ὀρθὰ βαδίζειν]] = thou shalt never [[make]] the [[crab]] [[walk]] [[straight]] Ar.Pax1083; εἴς μ' ὁρεῦσα καρκίνου μέζον = 'looking at me with [[saucer]]-[[eye]]s', Herod.4.44.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[Cancer]], as a [[sign]] in the [[zodiac]], Eudox. ap. Hipparch.1.2.18, Euc. Phaen.p.10 M., Arat.147, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[eating]] [[sore]] or [[ulcer]], [[cancer]] = [[καρκίνωμα]], Hp.Aph.6.38, D.25.95, Gal.10.83.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> from [[likeness]] of [[shape]] to [[crab]]'s [[claw]]s,<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[pair of pincers]], Aen.Tact.20.3, 32.5, IG11(2).165.11 (Delos, iii B.C.), AP6.92 (Phil.), Ath.10.456d; καρκίνος [[σιδηροῦς]] POxy.521.14 (ii A.D.); used as an [[instrument]] of [[torture]], D.S.20.71: in Surgery, [[forceps]], καρκίνος [[ἰατρικός]] IG22.47.16: metaph., λήψεται τὸν τράχηλον ἐντόνως ὁ καρκίνος E.Cyc.609.<br><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ζύγωμα|ζυγώματα]], [[bone]]s of the [[temple]]s, Poll.2.85.<br><span class="bld">3</span> a kind of [[shoe]], Pherecr.178.<br><span class="bld">4</span> a kind of [[bandage]], Heliod. ap. Orib.48.54 tit., Gal.18(1).777.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[pair]] of [[compass]]es, Ph.Bel.55.25, Ph.2.192, Gal.Opt.Doctr.3, S.E.M. 10.54: heterocl. pl., καρκίνα σπειροῦχα AP6.295.5 (Phan.).<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[still]], implied in [[καρκινοειδής]] ''ΙΙ'' ([[quod vide|q.v.]]).<br><span class="bld">V</span> pr. n. of Attic tragedian, hence [[proverb|prov.]], [[Καρκίνου ποιήματα]] = [[τὰ αἰνιγματώδη]], Men.525; Megarian pr. n. [[Κερκίνος]] SIG201.12 (iv B.C.). (Cf. Lat. [[cancer]], Skt. karkaṭas '[[crab]]'.)