ὅπλον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[tool]], [[implement]], mostly in plural [[ὅπλα]], like [[ἔντεα]], [[τεύχεα]]: (prob. from [[ἕπω]] A):<br><span class="bld">I</span> a ship's [[tackle]], [[tackling]], Hom.(only in Od.), 2.390, al., Hes.''Op.''627; esp. [[rope]]s, [[halyard]]s, etc., δησάμενοι δ' ἄρα ὅπλα Od. 2.430, etc.; in which sense Hom. twice uses the sg., [[rope]], 14.346, 21.390: generally, any [[rope]]s, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.25, 9.115, Hp.''Art.''78.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[tool]]s, strictly so called, in Hom. especially of [[smiths' tools]], Il.18.409,412; in full, ὅπλα χαλκήϊα Od.3.433: in sg., [[ὅπλον ἀρούρης]] = [[sickle]], ''AP''6.95 (Antiphil); [[ὅπλον γεροντικόν]] = [[staff]], Call.''Epigr.''1.7; <b class="b3">δείπνων ὅπλον ἑτοιμότατον</b>, of the [[wine-flask]], ''AP''6.248 (Marc. Arg.).<br><span class="bld">III</span> in plural, also, [[implements of war]], [[arms]] and [[armour]], Hom. (only in Il.), <b class="b3">αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πάνθ' ὅπλα κάμε</b>, of the [[arm]]s of [[Achilles]], 18.614, cf. 19.21; ὅπλοισιν ἔνι δεινοῖσιν ἐδύτην 10.254,272; so in Pi.''N.''8.27, ''IG''12.1.9, E.''Hec.'' 14, etc.: rarely in sg., [[weapon]], οὐδέ τι ἀρήϊον ὅπλον ἐκτέαται [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.23, cf. 174, E.''HF''161,570,942, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 474a, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.4.15; <b class="b3">ποτὶ πονηρὸν οὐκ ἄχρηστον ὅπλον ἁ πονηρία</b> [Epich.]275; [[piece of armour]], [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]3.49.<br><span class="bld">2</span> the [[large]] [[shield]], from which the [[men-at-arms]] took their name of [[ὁπλῖται]] (εἰκόνα γραπτὴν ἐν ὅπλῳ ''IG''22.1012.18 (ii B. C.), cf. ''IGRom.''4.1302.35 (Cyme, i B. C./i A. D.), Th.7.75, [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]15.44, 17.18); ὅπλον [[στύππινος|στύππινον]] ''IG''11(2).203 ''B''99 (Delos, iii B. C.): metaph., τῆς [[πενία]]ς ὅπλον ἡ [[παρρησία]] Nicostr.Com.29; [[ὅπλον μέγιστον ἐστιν ἡ ἁρετὴ βροτοῖς]] = [[virtue is the greatest weapon for mortals]] Men. ''Mon.''433, cf. 619.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in plural, also, [[heavy arms]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.53; <b class="b3">ὅπλων ἐπιστάτης</b> = [[ὁπλίτης]], opp. <b class="b3">κώπης ἄναξ</b>, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''379; ὁ πόλεμος οὐχ ὅπλων τὸ πλέον ἀλλὰ δαπάνης Th.1.83; ὅπλα παραδοῦναι Id.4.69; ὅπλα [[ἀποβάλλειν]] Ar.''V.''27, etc.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[ὅπλα]], = [[ὁπλῖται]], [[men-at-arms]], πολλῶν μεθ' ὅπλων S.''Ant.''115 (lyr.): and freq. in Prose, <b class="b3">ἐξέτασιν ὅπλων ποιεῖσθαι</b> to have a [[muster]] of the [[men-at-arms]], Th.4.74, etc.; <b class="b3">ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν ὅπλων στρατηγός</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς διοικήσεως</b>, Decr. ap. D.18.38, Decr.ib. 115; χειροτονηθεὶς ἐπὶ τὰ ὅ. πρῶτος.. [[στρατηγός]] ''IG''22.682.44 (iii B. C.); [[στρατηγεῖν]] ἐπὶ τὰ ὅπλα ''SIG''697 ''E'' (Delph., ii B. C.), etc.<br><span class="bld">5</span> τὰ [[ὅπλα]] = the [[place of arms]], [[camp]], ἦλθεν εἰς τὰ ὅπλα Lys.13.12, cf.[[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.2.5, etc.; ἐκ τῶν ὅπλων προϊέναι Th.1.111, cf. 3.1.<br><span class="bld">6</span> Phrases: ἐνέδυνον ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] ἐνέδυντο) τὰ ὅπλα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.218, etc.; [[ἐν ὅπλοισι εἶναι]] or [[ἐν ὅπλοισι γενέσθαι]] to [[be in arms]], [[be under arms]], Id.1.13, cf.E.''Ba.''303, Th.6.56; ἐν ὄπλοισι ἰππομάχεντας Sapph.''Supp.''5.19; ἐν ὅπλοις μάχεσθαι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 456d; ἡ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις [[μάχη]] Id.''Lg.''833e; <b class="b3">ποιῆσαι ἐξέτασιν ἐν ὅπλοις</b> Decr. ap. Arist.''Ath.''31.2; εἰς τὰ ὅπλα [[παραγγέλλειν]] X.''An.''1.5.13; <b class="b3">ἐφ' ὅπλοις</b> or <b class="b3">παρ' ὅπλοις ἧσθαι</b>, E.''Supp.''674,357; μένειν ἐπὶ τοῖς ὅπλοις [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.2.8; for ὅπλα [[ῥίπτειν]], ὅπλα [[ἀφιέναι]], ὅπλα [[κατατίθεσθαι]], v. sub vocc.; for ὅπλα [[τίθεσθαι]], v. [[τίθημι]].<br><span class="bld">IV</span> of [[the]] [[arms]] [[possess]]ed by [[animal]]s for [[self-defence]], [τὸν ἄνθρωπον] οὐκ ἔχοντα ὅπλον πρὸς τὴν ἀλκήν [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]''687a25, cf. b4, al.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[membrum virile]], Nic.''Fr.''74.30, ''APl.''4.242 (Eryc.), [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]<br><span class="bld">VI</span> a [[gymnastic]] [[exercise]], the last which came on in the games, Artem.1.63.