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gladius: Difference between revisions
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|georg=gladius, iī, m.(zu [[glaber]], [[also]] ›das glatte‹), das messerförmige [[Schwert]] (zu [[Hieb]] und [[Stoß]], [[während]] [[ensis]] das längere, [[mehr]] zum [[Hieb]] eingerichtete [[Schwert]]), I) eig. u. meton.: a) eig.: [[capulus]] gladii, Tac.: [[mucro]] gladii, Plin.: [[gladius]] vaginā [[vacuus]] (blankes), Cic.: gl. [[militaris]], Sen.: [[gladius]] [[cruentus]], Cic.: [[gladius]] cruore domini [[madens]], Val. Max.: [[gladius]], [[cui]] ad secandum [[subtilis]] [[acies]] est, Sen.: [[gladius]], [[quo]] noxii iugulantur, [[Henkerschwert]], Val. Max.: gladio [[accinctus]], Liv. u. Tac., [[succinctus]], Cornif. rhet.: [[gladium]] stringere, Caes., destringere, Cic.: [[gladium]] (e [[vagina]]) educere, Cic.: [[gladium]] nudare, Ov.: [[gladium]] condere, [[einstecken]], Tac.: alqm gladio insequi, Cic.: alci [[gladium]] intentare, Liv.: gladio incumbere, Cornif. rhet.: transfigere se gladio, Vell.: traicere [[sibi]] gladio [[pectus]], Auct. b. Afr.: traicere alqm gladio, Auct. b. Alex.: transfigere alqm gladio per [[pectus]], Liv. – im Bilde, [[suo]] [[sibi]] gladio [[hunc]] [[iugulo]], [[mit]] seinen eigenen Waffen, d.i. widerlege ihn [[mit]] seinen eigenen Worten, Ter. adelph. 958 (vgl. [[quid]] [[igitur]] pugnes [[adversus]] [[eos]] homines, [[qui]] [[suo]] [[sibi]] gladio pereunt? Lact. 3, 28, 20): plumbeo gladio iugulari, [[mit]] schwachen [[Beweisen]] widerlegt [[werden]], Cic. ad Att. 1, 16, 2: tuo gladio conficiatur [[defensio]], Cic. Caecin. 82: destrictis gladiis fraudium ([[mit]] den scharfen Waffen [[des]] Betr.) simplicis puellae paventes cogitationes invadunt, Apul. [[met]]. 5, 19. – Sprichw., ignem gladio scrutari (griech. [[πῦρ]] μαχαίρα σκαλεύειν), das [[Feuer]] [[mit]] dem [[Schwert]] durchwühlen, [[von]] einem unsinnigen Beginnen, Hor. [[sat]]. 2, 3, 276. – b) meton. = das [[mit]] dem [[Schwert]] Bewirkte, [[wie]]: gladii [[potestas]] od. [[ius]], [[Gewalt]] [[über]] [[Leben]] u. [[Tod]], Capit. u. ICt.: locare ad [[gladium]], zum Gladiatorenkampfe, Sen.: [[ebenso]] damnari ad [[gladium]], ICt.: [[licentia]] gladiorum, Mordtaten, Cic.: [[ebenso]] [[sublatus]] [[modus]] gladiis, Lucan. – II) übtr.: a) [[als]] [[Titel]] [[einer]] [[Schrift]], das [[Schwert]], Suet. Cal. 49, 3. – b) das Pflugeisen, Plin. 18, 172. – c) das Schwertholz ([[sonst]] [[spatha]]), [[dessen]] [[man]] [[sich]] [[bei]] dem alten senkrechten Webstuhl statt [[des]] Kammes bediente, um den [[Einschlag]] [[damit]] zu [[schlagen]] u. das [[Gewebe]] [[dicht]] zu [[machen]], deducunt habiles gladios [[filo]] gracilento, Enn. ann. 253. – d) = [[ξιφίας]], der [[Schwertfisch]], Plin. 9, 3; 32, 15 u. 145. – / Nbf. [[gladium]]. iī, n., Lucil. 1187. [[Varro]] LL. 5, 116; 8, 45 u. [[bes]]. 9, 81. [[Varro]] r. r. 1, 48, 3: [[gladium]], [[ξίφος]], gladia, [[ξίφη]], Gloss.; vgl. Quint. 1, 5, 16 (wo getadelt). | |georg=gladius, iī, m.(zu [[glaber]], [[also]] ›das glatte‹), das messerförmige [[Schwert]] (zu [[Hieb]] und [[Stoß]], [[während]] [[ensis]] das längere, [[mehr]] zum [[Hieb]] eingerichtete [[Schwert]]), I) eig. u. meton.: a) eig.: [[capulus]] gladii, Tac.: [[mucro]] gladii, Plin.: [[gladius]] vaginā [[vacuus]] (blankes), Cic.: gl. [[militaris]], Sen.: [[gladius]] [[cruentus]], Cic.: [[gladius]] cruore domini [[madens]], Val. Max.: [[gladius]], [[cui]] ad secandum [[subtilis]] [[acies]] est, Sen.: [[gladius]], [[quo]] noxii iugulantur, [[Henkerschwert]], Val. Max.: gladio [[accinctus]], Liv. u. Tac., [[succinctus]], Cornif. rhet.: [[gladium]] stringere, Caes., destringere, Cic.: [[gladium]] (e [[vagina]]) educere, Cic.: [[gladium]] nudare, Ov.: [[gladium]] condere, [[einstecken]], Tac.: alqm gladio insequi, Cic.: alci [[gladium]] intentare, Liv.: gladio incumbere, Cornif. rhet.: transfigere se gladio, Vell.: traicere [[sibi]] gladio [[pectus]], Auct. b. Afr.: traicere alqm gladio, Auct. b. Alex.: transfigere alqm gladio per [[pectus]], Liv. – im Bilde, [[suo]] [[sibi]] gladio [[hunc]] [[iugulo]], [[mit]] seinen eigenen Waffen, d.i. widerlege ihn [[mit]] seinen eigenen Worten, Ter. adelph. 958 (vgl. [[quid]] [[igitur]] pugnes [[adversus]] [[eos]] homines, [[qui]] [[suo]] [[sibi]] gladio pereunt? Lact. 3, 28, 20): plumbeo gladio iugulari, [[mit]] schwachen [[Beweisen]] widerlegt [[werden]], Cic. ad Att. 1, 16, 2: tuo gladio conficiatur [[defensio]], Cic. Caecin. 82: destrictis gladiis fraudium ([[mit]] den scharfen Waffen [[des]] Betr.) simplicis puellae paventes cogitationes invadunt, Apul. [[met]]. 5, 19. – Sprichw., ignem gladio scrutari (griech. [[πῦρ]] μαχαίρα σκαλεύειν), das [[Feuer]] [[mit]] dem [[Schwert]] durchwühlen, [[von]] einem unsinnigen Beginnen, Hor. [[sat]]. 2, 3, 276. – b) meton. = das [[mit]] dem [[Schwert]] Bewirkte, [[wie]]: gladii [[potestas]] od. [[ius]], [[Gewalt]] [[über]] [[Leben]] u. [[Tod]], Capit. u. ICt.: locare ad [[gladium]], zum Gladiatorenkampfe, Sen.: [[ebenso]] damnari ad [[gladium]], ICt.: [[licentia]] gladiorum, Mordtaten, Cic.: [[ebenso]] [[sublatus]] [[modus]] gladiis, Lucan. – II) übtr.: a) [[als]] [[Titel]] [[einer]] [[Schrift]], das [[Schwert]], Suet. Cal. 49, 3. – b) das Pflugeisen, Plin. 18, 172. – c) das Schwertholz ([[sonst]] [[spatha]]), [[dessen]] [[man]] [[sich]] [[bei]] dem alten senkrechten Webstuhl statt [[des]] Kammes bediente, um den [[Einschlag]] [[damit]] zu [[schlagen]] u. das [[Gewebe]] [[dicht]] zu [[machen]], deducunt habiles gladios [[filo]] gracilento, Enn. ann. 253. – d) = [[ξιφίας]], der [[Schwertfisch]], Plin. 9, 3; 32, 15 u. 145. – / Nbf. [[gladium]]. iī, n., Lucil. 1187. [[Varro]] LL. 5, 116; 8, 45 u. [[bes]]. 9, 81. [[Varro]] r. r. 1, 48, 3: [[gladium]], [[ξίφος]], gladia, [[ξίφη]], Gloss.; vgl. Quint. 1, 5, 16 (wo getadelt). | ||
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|lnztxt=gladius, ii. m. :: 腰刀。水虎魚。Suo gladio jugulari 自喪自己。Jugulari gladio plumbeo 易被辩駁。鉛刀可斷者。 | |||
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{{trml | {{trml | ||
|trtx=Abkhaz: аса; Adyghe: чатэ; Afrikaans: swaard; Albanian: thikare, shpatë, pallë, shkallmë; Amharic: ሰይፍ; Arabic: سَيْف; Egyptian Arabic: سيف; Hijazi Arabic: سيف; Aragonese: espata; Armenian: թուր, սուր; Aromanian: apalã, spatã, coardã, cealãmi, lipidã; Assamese: তৰোৱাল, হেংদাং; Asturian: espada; Avar: кӏалден; Azerbaijani: qılınc; Baluchi: زہم; Bashkir: ҡылыс; Basque: ezpata; Belarusian: шабля, меч; Bengali: তলোয়ার, তরোয়াল, তেগ, শমশের, ছুরি, দাও, দা; Breton: kleze, klezeñv; Bulgarian: меч; Burmese: ဓား; Buryat: һэлмэ; Catalan: espasa; Chakma: 𑄙𑄟; Chechen: гӏалакх, тур; Cherokee: ᎭᏰᎳᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ; Chinese Cantonese: 劍, 剑; Hakka: 劍, 剑; Mandarin: 劍, 剑, 刀; Min Dong: 劍, 剑; Min Nan: 劍, 剑; Wu: 劍, 剑; Chuukese: ketinas; Classical Nahuatl: tepozmāccuahuitl; Classical Syriac: ܣܝܦܐ; Coptic Bohairic: ⲥⲏϥⲓ; Sahidic: ⲥⲏϥⲉ; Cornish: kledha; Corsican: spada; Czech: meč; Dalmatian: sputa; Danish: sværd; Daur: selmii; Dhivehi: ކަނދި; Dongxiang: baojien; Dutch: zwaard; Esperanto: glavo; Estonian: mõõk; Evenki: тутэкэ̄н; Faroese: svørð, mæki; Finnish: miekka; French: épée, glaive; Old French: espee; Friulian: spade; Gagauz: kılıç; Galician: espada; Georgian: ხმალი, დაშნა, მახვილი, ლახვარი; German: Schwert; Alemannic German: Schwärt; Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃, 𐌼𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃; Greek: [[ξίφος]], [[σπαθί]]; Ancient Greek: [[ξίφος]], [[φάσγανον]], [[μάχαιρα]], [[ῥομφαία]]; Greenlandic: pana; Guaraní: kysepuku; Gujarati: તલવાર, શમશેર; Hebrew: חֶרֶב, סַיִף; Hindi: तलवार, शमशेर; Hungarian: kard; Hunsrik: Schweert; Icelandic: sverð; Ido: espado; Indonesian: pedang; Interlingua: spada, gladio; Irish: claíomh; Old Irish: claideb; Istriot: spada; Italian: spada, brando, stocco, gladio; Japanese: 刀, 剣; Jarai: đao; Javanese: pedhang; Kalmyk: селм, үлд; Kannada: ಕತ್ತಿ; Karachay-Balkar: къылыч; Karakalpak: qılısh; Kashubian: miecz; Kazakh: қылыш; Khakas: хылыс; Khmer: ដាវ; Komi-Permyak: шыпурт; Korean: 검(劍), 칼; Kumyk: къылыч; Kurdish Central Kurdish: شِمشێر, شیر; Northern Kurdish: şimşûr, şûr; Kyrgyz: кылыч; Lao: ດາບ; Latgalian: zūbyns; Latin: [[gladius]], [[spatha]], [[ensis]], [[machaera]], [[mucro]], [[ferrum]]; Latvian: zobens; Ligurian: spâ; Limburgish: zwerd; Lithuanian: kalavijas, kardas; Low German German Low German: Sweerd; Macedonian: меч; Malagasy: antsifotsy, sabatra, viarara; Malay: pedang; Malayalam: വാള്; Maltese: sejf, xabla; Manchu: ᠯᠣᡥᠣ; Manx: cliwe; Maori: hoari; Maranao: koyang, miros, pedang; Middle English: sword; Mongghul: uldi; Mongolian: илд, сэлэм; Nahuatl: tepozmācuahuitl; Nanai: пакан, лохон; Navajo: diltłish; Ngazidja Comorian: upanga 11 or 10; Nogai: кылыш; North Frisian: swird, Swērt, Swiirt; Northern Qiang: hɑː; Northern Norwegian Bokmål: sverd; Nynorsk: sverd; Occitan: espasa; Ojibwe: ashaweshk; Old Church Slavonic: мечь; Old East Slavic: мечь; Old English: sweord, sword, bil, mēċe, secg; Old Norse: mækir, sverð; Oriya: ଖଡ୍ଗ; Ossetian: кард, цирхъ; Pashto: توره; Pennsylvania German: Dege, Schwart, Schwaert; Persian: شمشیر; Piedmontese: spa; Plautdietsch: Schweat, Schwieet; Pohnpeian: kedlahs; Polish: miecz; Portuguese: espada; Punjabi: ਤਲਵਾਰ; Quechua: sawli; Romanian: sabie, spadă; Romansch: spada, speda; Russian: меч, шпага, сабля; Samogitian: kalavėjs; Sanskrit: कृपाण, असि, खड्ग; Sardinian: spada, ispada; Saterland Frisian: Swäid; Scottish Gaelic: claidheamh, slòighre; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: мач; Roman: mač; Shona: munondo; Shor: қылыш; Sicilian: spata; Sinhalese: කඩුව; Slovak: meč; Slovene: meč, sablja; Somali: seef; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: mjac; Upper Sorbian: mječ; Southern Altai: кылыш; Spanish: espada; Sudovian: kalavian; Swahili: upanga; Swedish: svärd; Tagalog: tabak; Tajik: шамшер; Tamil: வாள்; Tatar: кылыч; Telugu: కత్తి, కృపాణము; Thai: ดาบ; Tibetan: དཔའ་དམ།; Tocharian B: apsāl, kertte; Tok Pisin: bainat, bainet; Tongan: heleta; Turkish: kılıç; Turkmen: gylyç; Tuvan: хылыш; Ukrainian: меч; Urdu: تلوار, شمشیر; Uyghur: قىلىچ, شەمشەر; Uzbek: qilich, shamshir; Venetian: spada; Veps: mek; Vietnamese: gươm, kiếm; Volapük: gläv; Walloon: spêye; Waray-Waray: espada; Welsh: cleddyf; West Frisian: swurd; Yakut: кылыс; Yiddish: שווערד; Zazaki: şimşêr | |trtx=Abkhaz: аса; Adyghe: чатэ; Afrikaans: swaard; Albanian: thikare, shpatë, pallë, shkallmë; Amharic: ሰይፍ; Arabic: سَيْف; Egyptian Arabic: سيف; Hijazi Arabic: سيف; Aragonese: espata; Armenian: թուր, սուր; Aromanian: apalã, spatã, coardã, cealãmi, lipidã; Assamese: তৰোৱাল, হেংদাং; Asturian: espada; Avar: кӏалден; Azerbaijani: qılınc; Baluchi: زہم; Bashkir: ҡылыс; Basque: ezpata; Belarusian: шабля, меч; Bengali: তলোয়ার, তরোয়াল, তেগ, শমশের, ছুরি, দাও, দা; Breton: kleze, klezeñv; Bulgarian: меч; Burmese: ဓား; Buryat: һэлмэ; Catalan: espasa; Chakma: 𑄙𑄟; Chechen: гӏалакх, тур; Cherokee: ᎭᏰᎳᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ; Chinese Cantonese: 劍, 剑; Hakka: 劍, 剑; Mandarin: 劍, 剑, 刀; Min Dong: 劍, 剑; Min Nan: 劍, 剑; Wu: 劍, 剑; Chuukese: ketinas; Classical Nahuatl: tepozmāccuahuitl; Classical Syriac: ܣܝܦܐ; Coptic Bohairic: ⲥⲏϥⲓ; Sahidic: ⲥⲏϥⲉ; Cornish: kledha; Corsican: spada; Czech: meč; Dalmatian: sputa; Danish: sværd; Daur: selmii; Dhivehi: ކަނދި; Dongxiang: baojien; Dutch: zwaard; Esperanto: glavo; Estonian: mõõk; Evenki: тутэкэ̄н; Faroese: svørð, mæki; Finnish: miekka; French: épée, glaive; Old French: espee; Friulian: spade; Gagauz: kılıç; Galician: espada; Georgian: ხმალი, დაშნა, მახვილი, ლახვარი; German: Schwert; Alemannic German: Schwärt; Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃, 𐌼𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃; Greek: [[ξίφος]], [[σπαθί]]; Ancient Greek: [[ξίφος]], [[φάσγανον]], [[μάχαιρα]], [[ῥομφαία]]; Greenlandic: pana; Guaraní: kysepuku; Gujarati: તલવાર, શમશેર; Hebrew: חֶרֶב, סַיִף; Hindi: तलवार, शमशेर; Hungarian: kard; Hunsrik: Schweert; Icelandic: sverð; Ido: espado; Indonesian: pedang; Interlingua: spada, gladio; Irish: claíomh; Old Irish: claideb; Istriot: spada; Italian: spada, brando, stocco, gladio; Japanese: 刀, 剣; Jarai: đao; Javanese: pedhang; Kalmyk: селм, үлд; Kannada: ಕತ್ತಿ; Karachay-Balkar: къылыч; Karakalpak: qılısh; Kashubian: miecz; Kazakh: қылыш; Khakas: хылыс; Khmer: ដាវ; Komi-Permyak: шыпурт; Korean: 검(劍), 칼; Kumyk: къылыч; Kurdish Central Kurdish: شِمشێر, شیر; Northern Kurdish: şimşûr, şûr; Kyrgyz: кылыч; Lao: ດາບ; Latgalian: zūbyns; Latin: [[gladius]], [[spatha]], [[ensis]], [[machaera]], [[mucro]], [[ferrum]]; Latvian: zobens; Ligurian: spâ; Limburgish: zwerd; Lithuanian: kalavijas, kardas; Low German German Low German: Sweerd; Macedonian: меч; Malagasy: antsifotsy, sabatra, viarara; Malay: pedang; Malayalam: വാള്; Maltese: sejf, xabla; Manchu: ᠯᠣᡥᠣ; Manx: cliwe; Maori: hoari; Maranao: koyang, miros, pedang; Middle English: sword; Mongghul: uldi; Mongolian: илд, сэлэм; Nahuatl: tepozmācuahuitl; Nanai: пакан, лохон; Navajo: diltłish; Ngazidja Comorian: upanga 11 or 10; Nogai: кылыш; North Frisian: swird, Swērt, Swiirt; Northern Qiang: hɑː; Northern Norwegian Bokmål: sverd; Nynorsk: sverd; Occitan: espasa; Ojibwe: ashaweshk; Old Church Slavonic: мечь; Old East Slavic: мечь; Old English: sweord, sword, bil, mēċe, secg; Old Norse: mækir, sverð; Oriya: ଖଡ୍ଗ; Ossetian: кард, цирхъ; Pashto: توره; Pennsylvania German: Dege, Schwart, Schwaert; Persian: شمشیر; Piedmontese: spa; Plautdietsch: Schweat, Schwieet; Pohnpeian: kedlahs; Polish: miecz; Portuguese: espada; Punjabi: ਤਲਵਾਰ; Quechua: sawli; Romanian: sabie, spadă; Romansch: spada, speda; Russian: меч, шпага, сабля; Samogitian: kalavėjs; Sanskrit: कृपाण, असि, खड्ग; Sardinian: spada, ispada; Saterland Frisian: Swäid; Scottish Gaelic: claidheamh, slòighre; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: мач; Roman: mač; Shona: munondo; Shor: қылыш; Sicilian: spata; Sinhalese: කඩුව; Slovak: meč; Slovene: meč, sablja; Somali: seef; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: mjac; Upper Sorbian: mječ; Southern Altai: кылыш; Spanish: espada; Sudovian: kalavian; Swahili: upanga; Swedish: svärd; Tagalog: tabak; Tajik: шамшер; Tamil: வாள்; Tatar: кылыч; Telugu: కత్తి, కృపాణము; Thai: ดาบ; Tibetan: དཔའ་དམ།; Tocharian B: apsāl, kertte; Tok Pisin: bainat, bainet; Tongan: heleta; Turkish: kılıç; Turkmen: gylyç; Tuvan: хылыш; Ukrainian: меч; Urdu: تلوار, شمشیر; Uyghur: قىلىچ, شەمشەر; Uzbek: qilich, shamshir; Venetian: spada; Veps: mek; Vietnamese: gươm, kiếm; Volapük: gläv; Walloon: spêye; Waray-Waray: espada; Welsh: cleddyf; West Frisian: swurd; Yakut: кылыс; Yiddish: שווערד; Zazaki: şimşêr | ||
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