confundo: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>con-fundo</b>: fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a.<br /><b>I</b> To [[pour]], [[mingle]], or [[mix]] [[together]] ([[class]]. in [[prose]] and [[poetry]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Prop.: unā [[multa]] jura (cocos), Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 120; cf.: jus confusum sectis herbis, Hor. S. 2, 4, 67: ([[venenum]]) in poculo, cum ita confusum esset ut secerni nullo [[modo]] posset, Cic. Clu. 62, 173; Dig. 6, 1, 3, § 2: cum [[ignis]] oculorum cum eo igne, qui est ob os [[offusus]], se confudit et contulit, Cic. Univ. 14: [[cumque]] tuis lacrimis lacrimas confundere [[nostras]], Ov. H. 2, 95: confundere crebroque permiscere mel, [[acetum]], [[oleum]], Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 50: omnia arenti ramo ([[Medea]]), Ov. M. 7, 278: ([[Alpheus]]) Siculis confunditur undis, mingles, Verg. A. 3, 696: mixtum flumini subibat [[mare]], Curt. 9, 9, 7: (cornua cervi contrita) pulvereae confusa farinae, Ov. Med. Fac. 61: aes [[auro]], Plin. 34, 2, 3, § 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> [[Meton]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen., to [[mingle]], [[unite]], [[join]], [[combine]] ([[rare]]): ([[decorum]]) totum illud [[quidem]] est cum virtute confusum, sed mente cogitatione distinguitur, Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95; so, vera cum falsis, id. Ac. 2, 19, 61: est id [[quidem]] in totam orationem confundendum, id. de Or. 2, 79, 322: vis quaedam sentiens quae est toto confusa [[mundo]], id. Div. 1, 52, 118: sermones in unum, Liv. 7, 12, 14; cf. id. 40, 46, 13: duo populi in unum confusi, id. 1, 23, 2: diversum confusa [[genus]] [[panthera]] camelo ( = [[camelopardalis]], the giraffe), Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 195: [[rusticus]] urbano [[confusus]], id. A. P. 213; cf.: [[quinque]] continuos dactylos, Quint. 9, 4, 49: subjecta sibi [[vocalis]] in unum sonum coalescere et confundi nequiret, id. 1, 7, 26.—Of [[bringing]] [[together]] in [[speech]]: cuperem [[equidem]] utrumque (una dijudicare), sed est [[difficile]] confundere, Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23; cf. id. Brut. 26, 100.—Poet.: proelia cum [[aliquo]], Hor. C. 1, 17, 23 al.—More freq.,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp., [[with]] the [[idea]] of confounding, disarranging, to [[confound]], [[confuse]], [[jumble]] [[together]], [[bring]] [[into]] [[disorder]]: an tu haec ita confundis et perturbas, ut [[quicumque]] velit, [[quod]] velit, quo [[modo]] velit possit dedicare? Cic. Dom. 49, 127: [[omnis]] corporis [[atque]] animi [[sensus]], Lucr. 2, 946; cf. id. 2, 439: aëra per [[multum]] confundi verba [[necesse]]'st Et conturbari vocem, id. 4, 558: confusa venit vox inque pedita, id. 4, 562 sq.: [[censeo]] [[omnis]] in oratione esse [[quasi]] permixtos et confusos [[pedes]], Cic. Or. 57, 195: particulae [[primum]] confusae [[postea]] in ordinem adductae a mente divinā, id. Ac. 2, 37, 118: signa et ordines [[peditum]] [[atque]] equitum, Liv. 9, 27, 10: jura gentium, id. 4, 1, 2: priora, Quint. 10, 5, 23: ordinem disciplinae, Tac. H. 1, 60; cf.: ordinem militiae, id. ib. 2, 93: lusum, Suet. Claud. 33: annum ([[together]] [[with]] conturbare), id. Aug. 31 et saep.: [[foedus]], to [[violate]] (συγχέειν, Hom. Il. 4, 269), Verg. A. 5, 496; 12, 290: [[summa]] imis, Curt. 8, 8, 8: [[imperium]], promissa, [[preces]] confundit in unum, mingles [[together]], Ov. M. 4, 472: jura et nomina, id. ib. 10, 346: fasque nefasque, id. ib. 6, 585: in [[chaos]], id. ib. 2, 299: [[mare]] [[caelo]], Juv. 6, 283 (cf.: [[caelum]] terris miscere, id. 2, 25): ora fractis in ossibus, i. e. to [[disfigure]] the features, [[make]] [[them]] [[undistinguishable]], Ov. M. 5, 58; Sen. [[Troad]]. 1117; cf.: omnia corporis lineamenta, Petr. 105, 10; Just. 3, 5, 11; and [[vultus]], Luc. 2, 191; 3, 758; Stat. Th. 2, 232: oris notas, Curt. 8, 3, 13: si irruptione fluminis fines agri confudit [[inundatio]], Dig. 19, 2, 31: ossa Non agnoscendo confusa reliquit in [[ore]], Ov. M. 12, 251: [[vultum]] Lunae, to [[cloud]], [[obscure]], id. ib. 14, 367.—Of [[disordered]] [[health]]: [[neque]] apparet, [[quod]] [[corpus]] confuderit, Cels. 3, 5, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Trop., of [[intellectual]] [[confusion]], to [[disturb]], [[disconcert]], [[confound]], [[perplex]] (freq. [[after]] the Aug. per.; perh. not in Cic.): audientium animos, etc., Liv. 45, 42, 1; 34, 50, 1: cum confusa [[memoria]] esset, id. 5, 50, 6: nos (fulmina), Quint. 8, 3, 5; Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 2: me gravi dolore ([[nuntius]]), id. ib. 5, 5, 1; Quint. 1, 12, 1: intellectum, Plin. 21, 18, 70, § 117: inmitem animum [[imagine]] [[tristi]], Tac. H. 1, 44: [[Alexander]] pudore [[confusus]], Curt. 7, 7, 23: illum [[ingens]] confundit [[honos]] inopinaque turbat [[gloria]], Stat. Th. 8, 283; Juv. 7, 68: diligentiam monitoris confundit [[multitudo]], Col. 1, 9, 7.—<br /><b>II</b> To [[diffuse]], [[suffuse]], [[spread]] [[over]] ([[rare]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Prop.: [[cibus]] in eam venam, quae cava appellatur, confunditur, diffuses itself, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137: [[vinum]] in ea (vasa), Col. 12, 28 fin.: cruorem in fossam, Hor. S. 1, 8, 28.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Poet., to [[throw]] in [[great]] numbers: [[tela]] per foramina muri, Sil. 14, 333.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop.: aliquid in totam orationem, Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 322: vim quandam sentientem [[atque]] divinam, quae toto confusa [[mundo]] [[sit]], id. Div. 2, 15, 35: [[rosa]] ingenuo confusa rubore, suffused [[with]], etc., Col. poët. 10, 260.—Hence, confūsus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 2.), brought [[into]] [[disorder]], [[confused]], perplexed, [[disorderly]] ([[class]]. in [[prose]] and [[poetry]]): [[ruina]] mundi, Lucr. 6, 607; cf. [[natura]], id. 6, 600: vox, id. 4, 562; 4, 613; cf.: [[oratio]] confusa, perturbata, Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 50: [[stilus]], Quint. 1, 1, 28: verba, Ov. M. 2, 666; 12, 55; 15, 606: [[suffragium]], Liv. 26, 18, 9 Drak. ad loc. (cf.: [[confusio]] suffragiorum, Cic. Mur. 23, 47): confusissimus mos, Suet. Aug. 44: [[clamor]], Liv. 30, 6, 2.—With abl.: [[ipse]] [[confusus]] [[animo]], Liv. 6, 6, 7; cf. id. 35, 35, 18: maerore, id. 35, 15, 9: [[eodem]] metu, Quint. 1, 10, 48: [[somnio]], Suet. Caes. 7: irā, pudore, Curt. 7, 7, 23; cf. Ov. H. 21, 111; id. Tr. 3, 1, 81: fletu, Petr. 134, 6: turbā querelarum, Just. 32, 2, 3 al.: ex recenti morsu animi, Liv. 6, 34, 8.—Absol.: [[Masinissa]] ex praetorio in [[tabernaculum]] suum [[confusus]] concessit, Liv. 30, 15, 2: [[nunc]] onusti [[cibo]] et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60; Petr. 74, 10; 91, 1 al.: [[confusus]] [[atque]] [[incertus]] animi, Liv. 1, 7, 6: rediit confuso voltu, id. 41, 15, 1; Ov. Tr. 3, 5, 11: [[ore]] confuso, Curt. 6, 7, 18; cf.: confusior [[facies]], Tac. A. 4, 63: [[pavor]] confusior, Plin. 7, prooem. 1, § 5.— Hence, confūsē, adv., [[confusedly]], [[without]] [[order]], [[disorderly]] ([[several]] times in Cic.; elsewh. [[rare]]; not in Quint.): [[confuse]] et permiste dispergere aliquid, Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 49: loqui, id. Fin. 2, 9, 27; cf.: [[confuse]] varieque sententias dicere, Gell. 14, 2, 17: agere, Cic. N. D. 3, 8, 19: utraque res conjuncte et [[confuse]] comparata est, Auct. her. 4, 47, 60: universis mancipiis [[constitutum]] [[pretium]], in the [[lump]], Dig. 21, 1, 36.—* Comp.: confusius [[acta]] res est, Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 1.—Sup. not in [[use]].