κλίνω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=1<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[incline (oneself)]], [[lean (on)]], [[sink, bend]].<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-ομαι</b>, aor. [[κλῖναι]], [[κλίνασθαι]] (Il.), pass. [[κλιθῆναι]] (Od.), [[κλινθῆναι]] (Il.;; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 404 w. n. 2, Schwyzer 761), also [[κλινῆναι]] (Att.; prob. for <b class="b3">*κλι-ῆναι</b>; Schwyzer 760), fut. [[κλινῶ]] (Att.), perf. midd. [[κέκλιμαι]] (Il.), with [[κέκλικα]] (Plb.),<br />Compounds: very often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>,<br />Derivatives: 1. from the root with <b class="b3">δ-</b>suffix: <b class="b3">δι-κλί-δ-ες</b> f. [[double leaning]], [[two-winged]] (s. v.), <b class="b3">ἐγκλίς ἡ καγκελλωτη θύρα</b> (EM); <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐγ-κλιδόν</b> [[turning aside]], [[inclining]] (Od.). 2. From a prefixed present with ending after the [[s-]]stems (Schwyzer 513): <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">συγ-κλινής</b> etc. [[inclined away]], [[slant etc.]] (Hp., A.) with <b class="b3">ἐπικλίν-εια</b> (Heliol. Med.), <b class="b3">συγκλιν-ίαι</b> pl. (Plu.). 3. compounds with <b class="b3">τη-</b>suffix: <b class="b3">παρα-</b>, <b class="b3">συγ-κλί-της</b> [[who lies beside or together at the table]] (X.. Plu.), <b class="b3">ἐπι-κλίν-της</b> [[who inclines to the side]] (Arist.). - 4. [[κλειτύς]] (also [[κλιτύς]] after [[κλίνω]]), [[ύος]] f. [[slope]], [[hill]] (Il.; on the notation Schwyzer 506 w. n. 7). 5. [[κλεῖτος]] n. (A. R. 1, 599), <b class="b3">κλίτος</b> n. (Lyc., LXX, AP) [[slope]], [[side]]. - 6. [[κλίσις]], most. in prefixcompp., e. g. <b class="b3">ἀνά-</b>, <b class="b3">κατά-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπό-κλισις</b> <b class="b2">leaning back etc.</b> (IA.). - 7. [[κλίμα]] n. (with hell. [[ι]] for [[ει]]; Schwyzer 523) [[inclination]], [[slope]], [[quarter]], [[land]], also <b class="b3">ἔγκλι-μα</b> etc. (Arist.), with [[κλιματίας]] [[inclining]] (Herakleit., Amm. Marc.), [[κλιματικός]] [[belonging to the sone]] (Vett. Val.). 8. [[κλῖμαξ]], <b class="b3">-ακος</b> f. [[trep]], [[ladder]], [[climax etc.]] (Od.) with [[κλιμάκιον]] (IA.), <b class="b3">-ίς</b> (Att. inscr., hell.), <b class="b3">κλιμακίσκοι πάλαισμα ποιόν</b> H.; [[κλιμακίζω]] [[use a grip called κλῖμαξ in the fighting]], metaph. [[bring down]] (Att.); [[κλιμακωτός]] (Plb.), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> (Str.) [[like a trep]]; also <b class="b3">κλιμακ-τήρ</b> [[rug of a ladder]] (IA.), [[critical point of a mans life]] (Varro) with [[κλιμακτηρικός]], <b class="b3">-τηρίζω</b> (Gell., Vett. Val.); on the formation of [[κλῖμαξ]] ([[ι]] analog. for [[ει]] [<b class="b3">*κλεῖ-μα</b>] from [[κλίνω]]) Rodriguez Adrados Emerita 16, 133ff.; on [[κλιμακτήρ]] Chantraine Formation 327f. - 9. [[κλισμός]] [[arm-chair]] (Ion.Il.) with [[κλισμίον]], <b class="b3">-άκιον</b> (inscr., Call.), [[inclination]], [[slope]] (Arist.). - 10. <b class="b3">ἀνά-κλιθρον</b> [[back of a chair]] (Ptol.). - 11. <b class="b3">κλίτα στοαί</b>, [[κλίταν]] (<b class="b3">καὶ τάν</b> cod.) [[στοάν]] H., prop. [[leaning]]; from there [[κλισία]], Ion. <b class="b3">-ίη</b> [[pile-dwelling]], [[shed]], [[chapel; arm-chair, resting-bed, tomb]] ( Il.), [[κλίσιον]] nearly [[annex]], [[stoa]] (ω 208, Delos IIIa), also [[annex]], [[shed]], [[chapel]] (Lys., Paus.); often written [[κλεισίον]] (inscr.), also [[κλεισία]] f. [[tavern]] (ep.), perhaps through adaptation to [[κλείω]] [[lock]] (diff. Schulze Q. 295 A. 3 and Fraenkel KZ 45, 168); from there [[κλεισιάδες]] ([[θύραι]]) [[doors of the κλ(ε)ισία]], [[of the κλ(ε)ισίον]] (Hdt., Ph., D. H., Plu.); details on [[κλισίη]] in Frisk Eranos 41, 59ff., Scheller Oxytonierung 61. - 12. (<b class="b3">ἐγ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-)κλιτικός</b> <b class="b2">inflecting etc.</b> (gramm.); to (<b class="b3">ἔγ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἔκ-)κλισις</b>. - From the present: 13. [[κλίνη]] [[layer]], [[bed]], [[litter]] (IA.; cf. Chantraine Formation 192) with [[κλινίς]], <b class="b3">-ίδιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ίον</b>, <b class="b3">-άριον</b> (Com.), [[κλίνειος]] [[belonging to a κλίνη]] (D.), <b class="b3">-ήρης</b> [[censorius]] (Ph., J.); as 2. member in <b class="b3">σύγ-κλινος</b> [[bedfellow]] (Men.). - 14. [[κλιντήρ]], <b class="b3">-ῆρος</b> m. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Od.) with [[κλιντήριον]], <b class="b3">-ίδιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ίσκος</b> (Ar.), <b class="b3">ἀνακλιν-τήρ</b> [[neighbour at table]] (Ps.-Callisth.); <b class="b3">παρακλίν-τωρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (AP); <b class="b3">ἀνά-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπί-κλιν-τρον</b> <b class="b2">back (leaning) etc.</b> (Erot. in Poll., Ar., inschr. etc.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [600] <b class="b2">*ḱlei-</b> [[lean]]<br />Etymology: The yot-presens [[κλίνω]] < <b class="b3">*κλίν-ι̯ω</b>, which is a Greek innovation, goes back on an older nasal-presens, seen in several languages but in diff. forms: Lat. [[clīnāre]], Germ., e. g. OS [[hlinōn]], OHG [[hlinēn]] > [[lehnen]], Balt., e. g. Latv. <b class="b2">slìe-n-u</b>, <b class="b2">slìet</b>, EastLith. <b class="b2">šli-n-ù</b>, <b class="b2">šliñti</b> [[lean]], Av. [[sri-nu-]], ptc. [[sri-ta-]] [[lean]], prob. also Arm. [[li-ni-m]], aor. ipv. [[le-r]], [[become]], [[be]]; the basis was athem. <b class="b2">*ḱli-n-ā-mi</b>. Beside this there was in Indo-Iranian and Baltic a thematic root-present, e. g. Skt. <b class="b2">śrayati</b> = Lith. (old a. dial.) <b class="b2">šlejù</b> [[lean]]. The originally only presentic nasal has in Latin and Germanic conquered the whole inflection, but in Greek did not reach the perfect (<b class="b3">κέ-κλι-ται</b>: Skt. <b class="b2">śi-śri-y-é</b>), partly also the passive aorist. - The Greek nominal derivations are mostly innovations; note, except (<b class="b3">ἄ)-κλιτος</b> = Skt. <b class="b2">śri-tá-</b>, Av. [[sri-ta-]] [[leaning]], [[κλίσις]], formally = Lith. <b class="b2">šli-tì-s</b> [[shove-shed]]; [[κλίτον]] = Germ. e. g. OHG [[lit]] [[cover]], NHG Augen-lid; beside it with full grade (as in <b class="b3">κλει-τύς</b>) e. g. OWNo. [[hlīð]] f. [[slope]]. As in [[κλίνη]] the nasal came in OHG [[hlina]] [[reclinatorium]]. - Several nominal formations in Bq s. v., Pok. 600ff., W.-Hofmann s. [[clīnō]] .