ζωή: Difference between revisions

|astxt=[[ζωή]], -ῆς, ἡ ([[ζάω]]), [in [[LXX]] [[chiefly]] for חַיִּים;] <br />[[life]] (in Hom., Hdt., = [[βίος]], [[quod vide|q.v.]]; [[later]], [[existence]], vita quâ vivimus, as [[distinct]] [[from]] [[βίος]], vita quam vivimus; opp. to [[θάνατος]]);<br /><b class="num">1.</b>of [[natural]] [[life]]: Lk 16:25, Ac 8:33, I Co 15:19, I Ti 4:8, He 7:3, Ja 4:14; [[πνεῦμα]] ζωῆς, Re 11:11; ψυχὴ ζωῆς ( Ge 1:30), Re 16:3; of the [[life]] of [[one]] risen [[from]] the [[dead]], Ro 5:10, He 7:16. <br /><b class="num">2.</b>Of the [[life]] of the [[kingdom]] of God, the [[present]] [[life]] of [[grace]] and the [[life]] of [[glory]] [[which]] is to [[follow]] (Dalman, Words, 156ff.; Westc, Epp. Jo., 214ff.; Cremer, 272ff.): Jo 6:51, 53 Ro 7:10 8:6, 10 Phl 2:16, Col 3:4, II Pe 1:3; αἰώνος (reff. supr.; DCG, i, 538a, ii, 30f.), Jo 4:36 12:50 17:3, I Jo 1:2, al.; τ. [[φῶς]] τῆς ζ., Jo 8:12; ὁ Λόγος τ. ζ., I Jo 1:1; ὁ [[ἄρτος]] τ. ζ., Jo 6:35, 48; [[δικαίωσις]] ζωῆς, Ro 5:18; [[μετάνοια]] εἰς ζ., Ac 11:18; ἐν [[αὐτῷ]] ζ. ἦν,Jo 1:4; ζ. ἡ ἐν. Χ. Ἰ., II Ti 1:1; τὰ πρὸς ζωήν, II Pe 1:3, al.; [[στέφανος]] τῆς ζ., Ja 1:12, Re 2:10; [[χάρις]] ζωῆς (gen. expl.), I Pe 3:7; ζ. καὶ [[εἰρήνη]], Ro 8:6; ζ. καὶ [[ἀφθαρσία]], II Ti 1:10; [[ἀνάστασις]] ζωῆς, Jo 5:29; [[βίβλος]] ζωῆς, Phl 4:3, Re 3:5; [[ξύλον]] ζωῆς, Re 2:7; [[ὕδωρ]] ζωῆς, Re 22:17; meton., of [[that]] [[which]] has [[life]]: τ. [[πνεῦμα]], Ro 8:10; ῥήματα, Jo 6:63; of [[one]] [[who]] gives [[life]], Jo 11:25 14:6, I Jo 1:2; ἡ [[ἐντολή]], Jo 12:50. SYN.: [[vide supra|v.s.]] [[βίος]].

|txtha=ζωῆς, ἡ (from [[ζάω]], [[ζῶ]]), the Sept. [[chiefly]] for חַיִּים; [[life]];<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[universally]], [[life]], i. e. the [[state]] of [[one]] [[who]] is [[possessed]] of [[vitality]] or is [[animate]]: [[ἀγαπάω]]); [[αὐτός]] (ὁ Θεός) διδούς πᾶσιν ζωήν [[καί]] πνοήν, [[πνεῦμα]] ζωῆς ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ, the [[vital]] [[spirit]], the [[breath]] of (i. e. imparting) [[life]], [[πᾶσα]] [[ψυχή]] ζωῆς, genitive of [[possess]], [[every]] [[living]] [[soul]], G L T Tr [[text]] WH; [[spoken]] of [[earthly]] [[life]]: ἡ [[ζωή]] τίνος, [[αἴρω]], 3h.); ἐν τῇ [[ζωή]] [[σου]], whilst thou wast [[living]] on [[earth]], ἐν τῇ [[ζωή]] [[αὐτοῦ]], ἐν τῇ [[ζωή]] [[ταύτῃ]], [[πᾶσαι]] αἱ ἡμέραι τῆς ζωῆς τίνος, ([[ἐπαγγελία]] ζωῆς τῆς [[νῦν]] [[καί]] τῆς μελλούσης, a [[promise]] looking to the [[present]] and the [[future]] [[life]], [[ζωή]] and [[θάνατος]] are contrasted in ἐν καινότητι ζωῆς, [[figuratively]] [[spoken]] of a [[new]] [[mode]] of [[life]], dedicated to God, [[λόγος]] and to Christ" in whom the [[λόγος]] [[put]] on [[human]] [[nature]]: [[ὥσπερ]] ὁ [[πατήρ]] [[ἔχει]] ζωήν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, [[οὕτως]] ἔδωκεν [[καί]] τῷ υἱῷ ζωήν ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ, ἐν [[αὐτῷ]] ([[namely]], τῷ λόγῳ) [[ζωή]] ἦν [[καί]] ἡ [[ζωή]] ἦν τό [[φῶς]] τῶν ἀνθρώπων, in him [[life]] [[was]] (comprehended), and the [[life]] (transfused from the Logos [[into]] created natures) [[was]] the [[light]] (i. e. the [[intelligence]]) of men ([[because]] the [[life]] of men is [[self-conscious]], and [[thus]] a [[fountain]] of [[intelligence]] springs up), ὁ [[λόγος]] τῆς ζωῆς, the Logos having [[life]] in itself and communicating it to others, ἡ [[ζωή]] ἐφανερώθη, [[was]] manifested in Christ, clothed in [[flesh]], [[life]] [[real]] and [[genuine]], vita quae sola vita nominanda ([[Cicero]], de sen. 21,77), "a [[life]] [[active]] and [[vigorous]], [[devoted]] to God, [[blessed]], the [[portion]] [[even]] in [[this]] [[world]] of those [[who]] [[put]] [[their]] [[trust]] in Christ, [[but]] [[after]] the [[resurrection]] to be consummated by [[new]] accessions ([[among]] [[them]] a [[more]] [[perfect]] [[body]]), and to [[last]] forever" (the writers of the O. T. [[have]] anticipated the [[conception]], in [[their]] [[way]], by employing חַיִּים to [[denote]] a [[happy]] [[life]] and [[every]] [[kind]] of [[blessing]]: τοῦ Θεοῦ, supplied by God (Winer's Grammar, 186 (175)), ἡ ἐν Χριστῷ, to be obtained in fellowship [[with]] Christ, μεταβεβηκέναι ἐκ τοῦ θανάτου εἰς ζωήν, ὄψεσθαί [[τήν]] ζωήν, ἔχειν ζωήν, ἐν ἑαυτῷ (or ἑαυτοῖς) added, διδόναι, [[χάρις]] ζωῆς, the [[grace]] of God [[evident]] in the [[life]] obtained, τό [[πνεῦμα]] τῆς ζωῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, the Spirit, the [[repository]] and imparter of [[life]], and [[which]] is [[received]] by those united to Christ, ὁ [[ἄρτος]] τῆς ζωῆς ([[see]] [[ἄρτος]], at the [[end]]), τό [[φῶς]] τῆς ζοης, the [[light]] illumined by [[which]] [[one]] arrives at [[life]], [[ζωή]] [[αἰώνιος]] and ἡ [[ζωή]] ἡ [[αἰώνιος]] (cf. Buttmann, 90 (79)); [[see]] [[below]]): ῤήματα ζωῆς αἰωνίου, εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον, [[unto]] the [[attainment]] of [[eternal]] [[life]] (cf. εἰς, B. II:3c. δ., p. 185a), διδόναι ζωήν αἰώνιον, ἔχειν ζωήν αἰώνιον, ἀπολλυσθαι), L brackets; [[οὐκ]] ἔχειν ζωήν αἰώνιον ἐν ἑαυτῷ, [[spiritual]] and partakers of [[eternal]] and [[immortal]] [[life]]). [[ζωή]] and ἡ [[ζωή]], [[without]] epithet, are used of the [[blessing]] of [[real]] [[life]] [[after]] the [[resurrection]], in [[δικαίωσις]], at the [[end]]); [[ζωή]] ἐκ νεκρῶν, [[life]] breaking [[forth]] from the [[abode]] of the [[dead]], εἰσελθεῖν εἰς [[τήν]] ζωήν, [[ἀνάστασις]] ζωῆς equivalent to εἰς ζωήν (Winer's Grammar, 188 (177)); [[στέφανος]] τῆς ζωῆς equivalent to ἡ [[ζωή]] ὡς [[στέφανος]], [[ξύλον]] τῆς ζωῆς, the [[tree]] whose [[fruit]] gives and maintains [[eternal]] [[life]], G L T Tr WH) (cf. [[δένδρον]] ζωῆς, [[ὕδωρ]] ζωῆς, [[water]] the [[use]] of [[which]] serves to [[maintain]] [[eternal]] [[life]], ζωῆς πηγαί ὑδάτων, G L T Tr WH; ἡ [[βίβλος]] and τό [[βιβλίον]] τῆς ζωῆς, the [[book]] in [[which]] the names of those are recorded to whom [[eternal]] [[life]] has been decreed: cf. Lightfoot on Philippians, the [[passage]] cited), [[more]] [[fully]] ἡ [[ὄντως]] ( [[αἰώνιος]]) [[ζωή]], [[ζωή]] [[αἰώνιος]] (cf. [[above]]) (Justin Martyr, de resurr. i., p. 588c. ὁ [[λόγος]] ... διδούς [[ἡμῖν]] ἐν ἑαυτῷ [[τήν]] ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀνάστασιν [[καί]] [[τήν]] [[μετά]] [[ταῦτα]] ζωήν αἰώνιον), [[κόλασις]] [[αἰώνιος]]); ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τῷ ἐρχομένῳ, ἔχειν ζωήν αἰώνιον κληρονομεῖν, εἰς ζωήν αἰώνιον, [[unto]] the [[attainment]] of [[life]] [[eternal]], ἀενναος [[ζωή]], [[ἀΐδιος]] [[ζωή]], Ignatius ad Ephesians 19 [ET]). Cf. Köstlin, Lehrbegriff des Ev. Johann. etc., pp. 234ff, 338ff; Reuss, Johann. Theologie (in Beiträge zu d. theol. Wissenschaften, vol. i.), p. 76ff (cf. his Hist. de la Theol. Chret., [[book]] vii., [[chapter]] xiv.); Lipsius, Paulin. Rechtfertigungslehre, pp. 152ff 185f; Güder in Herzog viii. 254 (2nd edition, 509ff); B. B. Brückner, De notione vocis [[ζωή]] in [[NT|N.T.]] Lipsius 1858; Huther,<br /><b class="num">d.</b> Bedeut. d. Begriffe [[ζωή]] u. πιστεύειν im [[NT|N.T.]], in the Jahrbb. f. deutsche Theol. 1872, p. 1ff (For the relations of the [[term]] to heathen conceptions cf. G. Teichmüller, [[Aristotle]], Forsch. iii., p. 127ff) Some, as Bretschneider, Wahl, Wilke, [[especially]] Käuffer (in his [[book]] De biblica ζωῆς αἰωνίου notione. Dresd. 1838), [[maintain]] [[that]] [[ζωή]] [[αἰώνιος]] [[everywhere]] [[even]] in John's writings refers to [[life]] [[after]] the [[resurrection]]; [[but]] in [[this]] [[way]] [[they]] are compelled [[not]] [[only]] to [[assume]] a [[prophetic]] [[use]] of the [[perfect]] in the [[saying]] ἐκ τοῦ θανάτου μεταβεβηκέναι εἰς [[τήν]] ζωήν ([[ἔχει]] ζωήν αἰώνιον as [[meaning]] he has [[eternal]] [[life]] as his [[certain]] [[portion]] [[though]] as [[yet]] [[only]] in [[hope]], as [[well]] as to [[explain]] ζωήν αἰώνιον [[οὐκ]] ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ μένουσαν (the [[hope]] of [[eternal]] [[life]]. (Synonym: [[see]] [[βίος]], at the [[end]].)