κεράννυμι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[mix]], [[mix up]] especially of wine with water, [[temper]] (of the climate etc.) (Com., Hyp.)<br />Other forms: also [[κεραννύω]] (Com., Hyp.), [[κεραίω]] (Ι 203, Delph. Va), [[κεράω]] (Od.; subj. <b class="b3">κέρωνται Δ</b> 260), [[κίρνημι]], <b class="b3">-νάω</b> (Od.), aor. <b class="b3">κεράσ(σ)αι</b> (Il.), also (<b class="b3">ἐπι-)κρῆσαι</b> (η 164, Hp.), pass. [[κραθῆναι]], [[κρηθῆναι]] (IA), also [[κερασθῆναι]] (Att.), perf. med. [[κέκραμαι]], <b class="b3">-κρη-</b> (Sapph., Pi., IA), also [[κεκέρασμαι]] (Arist.), fut. [[κερῶ]] (Att.), [[κεράσω]] (Them.), pass. [[κραθήσομαι]] (Att.),<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[karatera]]<br />Compounds: also with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">συν-</b><br />Derivatives: A. Of <b class="b3">κρα-</b> (<b class="b3">κρη-</b>): 1. [[κρᾶσις]], [[κρῆσις]] ([[σύγκρ]]. etc.) [[mix]] (IA) with <b class="b3">*κρασίον</b> > ModGr. [[κρασί]] [[wine]] (Kretschmer Glotta 15, 64f., Hatzidakis ib. 139f.; on the meaning of [[κρᾶσις]] s. Den Dulk [[Κρᾶσις]]. Bijdrage tot de Grieksche Lexicographie. Diss. Leiden 1934). 2. [[κρᾶμα]] (rarely also [[κράμμα]] after [[βάμμα]] a. o.), Ion. [[κρῆμα]] [[mix]], [[alloy]], also [[mixed wine]] (Ion. hell.) with [[κραμάτιον]] (Dsc.) and <b class="b3">κραμ(μ)άτινος</b> [[consisting of an alloy]] (pap.). 3. [[κρατήρ]], [[κρητήρ]] m. "mixer", [[mixing bowl]], also metaph., [[Krater]] (Il.; on the meaning Brommer Herm. 77, 359 a. 366) with [[κρατηρία]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Dsc.; Scheller Oxytonierung 54) and the diminutiva [[κρατήριον]], <b class="b3">κρη-</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">κρατηρ-ίδιον</b> (Boeot., J.), <b class="b3">-ίσκος</b> (Delos IIIa, Ath.); [[κρατηρίζω]] "drink a bowl", [[intoxicate oneself]] (Sophr., D.; cf. Wackernagel Glotta 14, 52f. = Kl. Schr. 2, 860f.). 4. compounds like <b class="b3">ἄ-κρα-τος</b> (<b class="b3">-η-</b>) [[unmixed]] (Il.), <b class="b3">αὑτο-κρη-ής</b> "mixed with itself", i. e. [[unmixed]] (Nic. Al. 163), <b class="b3">αὑτό-κρας</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Poll.). - B. Of <b class="b3">κερα-</b>: <b class="b3">κατα-κέρασις</b> <b class="b2">mixing (with water)</b> (Arist.), [[κέρασμα]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (hell.), <b class="b3">συγ-κερασμός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (gloss.), [[κεραστός]] (<b class="b3">εὑ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐγ-κέρ</b>.) [[mixed]] (D. H., Plu., APl.), [[κεραστής]] [[mixer]] (Orph.), <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-κεραστικός</b> <b class="b2">causing a (real) mix</b> (medic.), <b class="b3">μετά-κερας</b> adj. n. [[tempered]], [[lukewarm]] (Com.), <b class="b3">αὑτό-κερας</b>, also as adv. [[unmixed]] (Poll., Phryn.; cf. [[αὑτοκρηής]]). S. also on 2. [[ἀκήρατος]]. In the meaning [[unxed]] ([[οἶνος]]; Dsc. 5, 6, 10) [[ἀκέραιος]] is a reinterpretation of [[ἀκέραιος]] [[undamaged]]; s. on 1. [[ἀκήρατος]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [582] <b class="b2">*ḱerh₂-</b> [[mix]];<br />Etymology: With the verbal adjective (<b class="b3">ἄ)-κρατος</b> agrees Skt ptc. <b class="b2">ā́-śīr-ta-</b> [[mixed]]; both Gr. <b class="b3">κρα-</b>, <b class="b3">κρη-</b> and Skt. [[śīr-]] represent the zero grade of a disyll. root. This root is seen in <b class="b3">κερά-σαι</b> (beside analogical <b class="b3">κεράσ-σαι</b>); (there is no Skt. <b class="b2">*á-śari-ṣam</b> ). Nasal presents are Skt. <b class="b2">śrī-ṇā́-ti</b> and <b class="b3">κίρ-νη-μι</b>; both forms however are renewed or reshaped. An IE. <b class="b2">*ḱr-nā-ti</b> should have been Skt. <b class="b2">*śr̥-ṇā́-ti</b> (seen in the homonymous word for [[break]]), and Gr. <b class="b3">*κάρ-νη-σι</b>; the [[ι]] in [[κίρνημι]] is rather innovation after the reduplicating presents [[τίθημι]], [[γίγνομαι]] etc. than old reduced grade. - To old <b class="b3">κερά-σαι</b> came the innovations [[κεραίω]], [[κεράω]], [[κεράννυμι]] (Schwyzer 676, 681, 697) just like [[κερῶ]], [[κεράσω]], [[κερασθῆναι]], [[κεκέρασμαι]] (both with analogical [[σ]]); old(er) were <b class="b3">κρα-θῆναι</b>, <b class="b3">κέ-κρα-μαι</b> (like <b class="b3">βλη-θῆναι</b>, <b class="b3">βέ-βλη-μαι</b> a. o.). - Another system is provided by Oldiranian in the also semantically deviating Av. [[sar-]] [[unite]] (which must perhaps be separated; Gonda Acta Or. 14, 201; s. also Wackernagel-Debrunner KZ 67, 174 = Kl. Schr. 1, 390) - Further Pok. 582.