ξένος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, Ep. and Ion. [[ξεῖνος]] (also freq. in Pi., ''N.''7.61, al., used by Trag. metri gr. even in trim., mostly in voc., [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''33, al., E.''IT''798 codd., ''El.''247), Aeol. [[ξέννος]] Hdn.Gr.2.302; scanned and written [[ξεῖνος]] in Theoc.28.6, 30.17: Aeol. Sup. [[ξεννότατος]] Sch. Tz. in ''An. Ox.'' 3.356.18 (sed v. fin.).<br><span class="bld">I</span> [[guest-friend]], applied to persons and states bound by a [[treaty]] or [[tie]] of [[hospitality]], Od.1.313, etc.; ξεῖνοι δὲ… εὐχόμεθ' εἶναι ἐκ πατέρων φιλότητος 15.196; ξ. πατρώϊός ἐσσι παλαιός Il.6.215; ξ. δ' ἀλλήλων πατρώϊοι εὐχόμεθ' εἶναι Od.1.187; φησὶ δ' Ὀδυσσῆος ξεῖνος πατρώϊος εἶναι 17.522; later freq. coupled with φίλος, Πλούταρχος ὁ τούτου ξένος καὶ φίλος D.21.110, cf. 18.46, X.''An.''2.1.5, Lys. 19.19; βασιλέως πατρικὸς ξ. Pl.''Men.''78d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of parties giving or receiving [[hospitality]], Od.8.145, etc.; mostly of the [[guest]], opp. the [[host]], [[ξεινοδόκος|ξεινοδόκοι]] καὶ [[ξεῖνος]] ib.543, etc.; ἁ ξείνα = the [[visitor]], Theoc.2.154; of [[guest]]s at a [[club]], opp. [[σύνδειπνος|σύνδειπνοι]], ''PTeb.''118.4 (ii B. C.): less freq. of the [[host]], Il.15.532, A.R.1.208, ''Ep.Rom.''16.23, etc.: c. dat., ξεῖνός τινι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.20,22, cf. Th.2.13, X.''An.''1.1.10, etc.; also ξ. τινός ib. 2.4.15.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[stranger]], esp. [[wanderer]], [[refugee]] (under the protection of [[Ζεὺς ξένιος]]), sometimes coupled with [[ἱκέτης]], Ζεὺς [[ἐπιτιμήτωρ]] ἱκετάων τε ξείνων τε ξείνιος Od.9.270, cf. 8.546; with [[πτωχός]], πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε 6.208.<br><span class="bld">III</span> generally, [[stranger]], [[foreigner]], opp. [[ἔνδημος]], Hes.''Op.''225; opp. [[ἀστός]], Pi.''O.''7.90, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''13, And.4.10, etc.; πολιατᾶν καὶ ξ. Pi.''I.''1.51, cf. A. ''Th.''924 (lyr.), Pl.''Grg.'' 473d, etc.; opp. [[ἐπιχώριος]], Id.''Men.''94d: coupled with [[μέτοικος]], Th. 4.90, cf. ''IG''12.39.53; with [[ἔπηλυς]], Luc.''Herm.''24; opp. [[a member of the family]], ''PMasp.''169.10 (vi A. D.), etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> as a term of address to any [[stranger]], ὦ ξένε [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]'' 247, Mosch.1.5, etc.; ὦ ξένη Pl.''Smp.'' 204c.<br><span class="bld">2</span> = [[βάρβαρος]], at Sparta, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.11,55.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[hireling]], Od.14.102; esp. [[mercenary]] [[soldier]], IG12.949.89, X.''An.''1.1.10, D.18.152, etc.; ξ. ναυβάται Th.1.121: rarely simply, [[ally]], X.''Lac.'' 12.3.<br><span class="bld">B</span> as adjective ξένος, η, ον (also ος, ον E.''Supp.''94), Ion. [[ξεῖνος]], η, ον, [[foreign]], not in Hom. (in the phrases ξεῖνε πάτερ Od.7.28, ἄνθρωποι ξεῖνοι Il.24.202, both words are Subst.); freq. in later writers, ξείνα γαῖα Pi.''P.''4.118 codd.; ξένης ἐπὶ χθονός [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1256; γᾶς ἐπὶ ξένας ib. 1705 (lyr., cf. [[ξένη]]); [[ἐν ξένῃσι χερσί]] = [[by foreign hands]], Id.''El.''1141; ξ. δόμοι, [[πόλις]], etc., E.''Ph.''339 (lyr.), 369, etc.; of [[alien]] property, ξ. ἄρουραι ''PMasp.''295.22 (vi A.D.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> c. gen. rei, [[strange to]] a thing, [[unacquainted]] with, [[ignorant]] of it, ξ. τοῦ λόγου [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''219, cf. ''AP''4.3a.37 (Agath.); ξ. τῶν διαθηκῶν τῆς [[ἐπαγγελία]]ς ''Ep.Eph.''2.12, cf. ''BGU''405.12 (iv A. D.). Adv. [[ξένως]], ἔχω τῆς ἐνθάδε λέξεως = I am a [[stranger]] to the [[mode]] of [[speech]], Pl.''Ap.''17d; ἔχειν τῆς διαλέκτου Them. ''Or.''21.253c.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[strange]], [[unusual]], λόγοι [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''688 (lyr.); τιμωρίαι Ti.Locr.104d; ποιεῖν ξένην τὴν διάλεκτον Arist.''Rh.''1404b11, cf. 1415a7; οὐδὲν ξ. ἐν τῷ παντὶ ἀποτελεῖται Epicur.''Fr.''266; τοῖς νέοις ποιεῖν ξένα τὰ φαῦλα Arist.''Pol.''1336b34; ξένα ταῖς ὄψεσι [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]3.15; ὡς ξένου συμβαίνοντος I ''Ep.Pet.''4.12; διδαχαὶ ποικίλαι καὶ ξ. ''Ep.Hebr.''13.9; ξ. δαιμόνια ''Act.Ap.''17.18: Sup., πράξεων ὡς ξενοτάτων Phld.''Herc.''1251.5; ξ. αὐτῷ δοκεῖ τὸ πρᾶγμα Luc.''Cont.''13, etc. Adv. [[ξένως]], λαλεῖν Phld.''P''0.5.12.<br><span class="bld">2</span> τοῦ πνεύματος… ῥύσις ὡς ξενωτάτη = [[air]] as [[fresh]] as [[possible]], Hp.''Nat.Hom.''9. (From [[ξένϝος]], cf. [[πρόξενϝος]] ''IG''9(1).867, [[Ξενϝάρης]] ib.869, [[Ξενϝοκλῆς]], [[Ξένϝων]], ib.4.315,348: hence it is improb. that the Aeol. form was [[ξέννος]].)