ὅταν: Difference between revisions

|Definition=for <b class="b3">ὅτ' ἄν</b> (ὅτε ἄν) as sometimes in codd.: Adv. of [[time]],<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[whenever]], with a conditional force, so as nearly to = [[ἐάν]] (v. εἰ B. II), referring to an indef. future (cf. [[ὅτε]] A. I. IC), Il.1.519, etc.; also of events like ly to recur, 2.397, ''IG''12.97.9, etc.: also in Ep. [[ὅτε]] κεν Il.1.567, 6.225: strengthened, ὅταν περ S.''OC''301, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 565a, 565d: repeated for rhet. effect, ὅταν ὡς ὑβρίζων, ὅταν ὡς ἐχθρὸς ὑπάρχων, ὅταν κονδύλοις, ὅταν ἐπὶ κόρρης D.21.72.<br><span class="bld">b</span> later causal, [[since]], <b class="b3">ὅταν.. ᾖ</b> [[since]] it is, Arist.''Mu.''395a19, cf. D.Chr.7.105, Porph.''Gaur.''11.2; in earlier examples the application to the particular case is less directly expressed, <b class="b3">καὶ τοῦτο τυφλὸν ὅταν ἐγὼ βλέπω βραχύ</b> this too (viz. my staff) is blind [[when]] I am (= [[when]] its owner is) short-sighted, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]'' 744, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''137 (anap.), Pl.''Sph.''241a, Din.3.9.<br><span class="bld">2</span> never with ind. in early authors, exc. in Od.10.410, <b class="b3">ὡς δ' ὅταν.. σκαίρουσι</b> ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]); in 24.88, <b class="b3">ὅτε κεν.. ζώννυνταί τε νέοι καὶ ἐπεντύνονται ἄεθλα</b>; and in Il.12.41, <b class="b3">ὡς δ' ὅτ' ἂν ἔν τε κύνεσσι καὶ ἀνδράσι.. στοέφεται</b> (<b class="b3">ἔναντα κύνεσσι</b> cj. Monro): but freq. in [[LXX]] with impf. ind., as ὅταν εἰσήρχετο ''Ge.''38.9, cf. Plb.4.32.5, ''Ev.Marc.''3.11: also with aor. ind., [[LXX]] ''Ex.''16.3, ''Apoc.''8.1: with fut. ind., ὅταν ἕξουσι Apollod.''Poliorc.''187.12; <b class="b3">ὅταν ὄψεσθε</b> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[ὄψησθε]]) ''Ev.Luc.'' 13.28: with pres. ind., ὅταν δείκνυται Str.12.3.27 ([[si vera lectio|s. v.l.]]): generally, [[ὅταν]] supersedes [[ὅτε]] in Hellenistic Greek.<br><span class="bld">3</span> never with opt. in early authors, exc. in orat. obliq., where in orat. recta the subj. with [[ὅταν]] would have stood, as perhaps [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''450 may be expld. (<b class="b3">ὅτ' ἐκνεῶν</b> Elmsl.); <b class="b3">ὅτε κεν</b> followed by [[ἵκοι]], Il.9.525.<br><span class="bld">II</span> Special usages:<br><span class="bld">1</span> to introduce a simile, 10.5, Od.5.394.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">πρίν γ' ὅταν</b>, = [[πρίν γε ἢ ὅταν]] (v. [[ὅτε]] A. 11.2), 2.374.<br><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">εἰς ὅτε κεν</b> until [[such time as]]... ib.99, 19.144.<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ὅταν τάχιστα</b>, Lat. [[cum primum]], Ar.''Th.''1205, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.5.33; ὅταν πρῶτον Pl.''Ly.''211b. ὅτᾱν only in later Poetry, ''Lyr.Alex. Adesp''.37.17.]