μήτηρ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[μάτηρ]], ἡ: though parox. in nom., it follows [[πατήρ]] in the accent of the obliq. cases, gen. μητερος contr. [[μητρός]], dat. μητέρι, μητρί, both forms being found in Hom., but the longer forms rarely in Trag. exc. lyr., as<br><span class="bld">A</span> ματέρος A.''Supp.''539; ματέρι [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1481; μητέρος in iambics, E.''HF''843, ''Or.''580, ''Rh.''393: acc. always [[μητέρα]], [[μητέρας]]: voc. [[μῆτερ]]:—[[mother]], Il.1.351, etc.; of animals, [[dam]], 17.4, Od.10.414; of a [[mother]]-[[bird]], Il.2.313; of [[queen]] bees, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''553a29, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ ματρὸς φίλας, ἐκ ματρός</b>, from one's [[mother's womb]], Pi.''P.''5.114, A.''Ch.'' 422 (lyr.): in plural, [[mother]] and [[grandmother]], Plu.''Agis''9; as an address to elderly women, ὦ μῆτερ [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]17.37, cf. Theoc.15.60, etc.: in titles, [[μήτηρ πατρίδος]] = [[mother]] of the [[fatherland]], Lat. [[mater patriae]], D.C.58.2; [[μήτηρ τῶν ἀηττήτων στρατοπέδων]] = [[mother]] of the [[invincible]] [[camp]]s, Lat. [[mater invictorum castrorum]], of [[Julia Domna]], ''BGU''362 xi 16 (iii A.D.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> of lands, <b class="b3">μήτηρ μήλων, μήτηρ θηρῶν</b>, [[mother]] of [[flock]]s, of [[game]], Il. 2.696,8.47, etc.; freq. of Earth, γῆ πάντων μήτηρ Hes.''Op.''563; πὰρ μέσον ὀμφαλὸν εὐδένδροιο… ματέρος Pi.''P.''4.74; γῆ μήτηρ A.''Th.''16, etc.; ὦ γαῖα μῆτερ E.''Hipp.''601; <b class="b3">ἡ Μήτηρ</b>, = [[Δημήτηρ]], τῇ Μητρὶ καὶ τῇ Κούρῃ ὁρτὴν ἄγουσι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.65; also of Rhea, Pi.''P.''3.78; ὦ Πὰν... Ματρὸς μεγάλας ὀπαδέ Id.''Fr.''95, cf. E.''Hel.''1355 (lyr.); μήτηρ ὀρεία [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''746 (lyr.); Γαλλαὶ μητρὸς ὀρείης φιλόθυρσοι δρομάδες ''Lyr.Adesp.''121; M. θεῶν ''SIG''1044.8 (Halic., iv B.C.); as title of Isis, ''PPetr.''3p.2 (cf. p.xi) (iii B.C.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> freq. of one's native land, μᾶτερ ἐμά, Θήβα Pi.''I.''1.1, cf. ''P.''8.98, A.''Th.''416, Isoc.4.25; and so, like [[μητρόπολις]], Pi.''O.''9.20, cf. 6.100; ἡ Σκῦρος ἀνδρῶν ἀλκίμων μήτηρ S.''Ph.''326.<br><span class="bld">II</span> ''poet.'', the [[origin]] or [[source]] of events, <b class="b3">μήτηρ ἀέθλων</b>, of [[Olympia]], Pi.''O.''8.1; πειθαρχία γὰρ τῆς εὐπραξίας μήτηρ A.''Th.''225; ἡ γνώμη κακῶν μήτηρ S.''Ph.''1361; of night, as the [[mother]] of [[day]], A.''Ag.''265; the grape of wine, Id.''Pers.''614, cf. E. ''Alc.''757; ματέρ' οἰνάνθας ὀπώραν Pi.''N.''5.6; [[Aphrodite]] of the Loves, Id.''Fr.''122.4; <b class="b3">φάτις ὦ μᾶτερ αἰσχύνας ἐμᾶς</b>, of a rumour, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''174 (lyr.): also in Prose, γεωργίαν τῶν ἄλλων τεχνῶν μητέρα X.''Oec.''5.17; <b class="b3">πολιτειῶν μητέρες δύο</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[μοναρχία]] and [[δημοκρατία]]) [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''693d. (Cf. Lat. [[mater]], OE. módor, etc.)