φάος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[[φάεος]], τό, Att. contr. [[φῶς]], [[φωτός]], and resolved Ep. [[φόως]] ([[φώωσδε]], though read by Ar.Byz. and Aristarch., is to be rejected in Il.16.188); Aeol. [[φάος]] Sapph.''Supp.''25.9, but cf. [[φαυοφόρος]]:—Hom. uses [[φάος]] and [[φόως]], never [[φῶς]]; of the oblique cases he uses only dat. sing. [[φάει]] and acc. pl. [[φάεα]]; dat. pl.<br><span class="bld">A</span> φαέεσσι Hes.''Fr.''142.4, Call. ''Dian.''211, etc.:—[[φάος]] is the only form used by Pi.: Trag. use [[φάος]] or [[φῶς]], both in lyr. and dialogue, as metre requires: Com. use [[φάος]] in lyr. only, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''973, ''Ra.''1529; [[φῶν]] is a late acc. in ''BCH''51.380 (Cyme, Hymn to Isis); in Prose [[φῶς]] is the only form used in nom. and acc.: gen. φάους [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.2.9, 26, ''Oec.''9.3, Arist.''de An.''429a3; dat. φάει A.''Ag.''575, ''Ch.''62 (lyr.), S.''Ph.''415, 1212 (lyr.), etc.: pl., φάη B. 8.28, Gal.18(2).250, ''AP''7.373 (Thall.); gen. φαέων Arat.90; dat. φάεσι Call.''Dian.''71; in Prose gen. φωτός [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 518a, ''Ax.''365c; dat. φωτί Luc. ''Musc.Enc.''9, etc. (φῷ E.''Fr.''534); pl., φῶτα ''IG''11(2).203 ''A''33 (Delos, iii B. C.), etc.; gen. [[φώτων]] ib.42(1).110.43 (Epid., iv B. C.); dat. [[φωσί]] (v. infr. 1.2): ([[φάω]]) <b class="b3">. [ᾰ</b> [[regularly]]; but Hom. always has ᾱ metri gr. in φᾱεα; and so dat. pl. φᾱεσι in Call.''Dian.''71]:—[[light]], esp. [[daylight]], [[ἤδη]] φ. ἦεν ἐπὶ χθόνα Od.23.371; φ. οἴχεθ' ὑπὸ ζόφον 3.335; κατέδυ λαμπρὸν φ. ἠελίοιο Il.1.605; Ἠὼς.. Ζηνὶ φόως ἐρέουσα 2.49; ἀθανάτοισι φόως φέροι Od.5.2; νὺξ ἀποκρύψει φάος [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''24; τὸ τοῦ ἡλίου φῶς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 515e; <b class="b3">πρὸς τὸ φῶς βλέπειν</b> ibid.; <b class="b3">οὐράνιον φῶς, αἰθέρος φῶς</b>, S.''Ant.''944 (lyr.), E.''Ph.''809 (lyr.); ἡμέρας ἁγνὸν φάος Id.''Fr.''443; ἡμερήσιον φάος A.''Ag.''23; τὸ ἡμερινὸν φῶς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 508c; [[ἐν φάει]] = [[by daylight]], Od.21.429; [[ἕως ἂν φῶς γένηται]] = [[till daybreak]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 311a; [[ἅμα φάει]] = [[at daybreak]], Plu.''Cam.''34; ἅμα τῷ φωτί Plb.1.30.10, al.; <b class="b3">ἕως ἔτι φῶς ἐστιν</b> while there is still [[light]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 89c; ἔτι φάους ὄντος [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.2.26; κατὰ φάος νύκτας τε E.''Ba.''425 (lyr.); [[κατὰ φῶς]], opp. [[νύκτωρ]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.3.25; also, of [[moonlight]] and [[starlight]], φαέεσσι σελήνης Hes. l. c., cf. Pi.''O.''10(11).75, Bion ''Fr.''8.5, etc.; ἀστέρος τηλαυγέστερον Pi.''P.''3.75; [[τὰ φῶτα]], ''[[sc.]]'' [[sun]] and [[moon]], Ptol.''Tetr.''37,38.<br><span class="bld">b</span> in Poets, freq. in phrases concerning the life of men, ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φ. ἠελίοιο Il.18.61, cf. Od.4.540, etc.; λείπειν φ. ἠελίοιο Hes.''Op.''155, Thgn.569; <b class="b3">ἐς φάος οὐκ ἀνίεσκε, ἀκίκεσθε</b>, Hes.''Th.''157,652; ζῇ τε καὶ βλέπει φάος [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''299; ὅστις φῶς ὁρᾷ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''375; ὄντα ἐν φάει Id.''Ph.''415, etc.; Διὸς ἐν φάει E.''Hec.''707 (lyr.); <b class="b3">πέμψατ' ἔνερθεν ψυχὴν ἐς φῶς, ἀναγαγεῖν εἰς φῶς</b>, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''630 (anap.), [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''699 (anap.); πρὸς φῶς ἀνελθεῖν S.''Ph.''625; πρὸς φῶς ἄγειν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 320d; λείπω φάος [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''1185 (paratrag.); εἰ στερήσομαι τοῦδε τοῦ φωτός Pl.''Ax.''365c: but also <b class="b3">εἰς φῶς ἰέναι</b> to [[come into the light]], i.e. into [[public]], S.''Ph.''1353; <b class="b3">εἰς φῶς λέγειν</b> ib.581; <b class="b3">τὸ φῶς κόσμον παρέχει</b> [[light]] (i.e. [[publicity]]) is a [[guarantee]] for [[order]], X.''Ages.''9.1.<br><span class="bld">c</span> simply a [[day]], [[φῶς]] ἓν ἡλίου καταρκέσει E.''Rh.''447; <b class="b3">νόστιμον βλέπειν φάος</b>, = [[ἦμαρ]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''261: pl., <b class="b3">κρισίμων φαέων</b> of critical [[days]], AP11.382.11 (Agath.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> the [[light]] of a [[torch]], [[lamp]], [[fire]], etc., τίς τοι φάος οἴσει; Od.19.24, cf. 34,64; φάος πάντεσσι παρέξω 18.317; [[φῶς]] δαίων A.''Ch.''863 (anap.); ποιεῖν X.''HG''6.2.29; [[πρὸς φῶς πίνειν]] = to [[drink by the fire]], Id.''Cyr.''7.5.27; a [[light]], φῶς ἔχων.. ἀφηγεῖτο Id.''HG''5.1.8: pl., Plu.''Pel.''12, ''Ant.''26, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ φ.</b> the [[illumination]]s, IG11(2).203''A''33 (Delos, iii B. C.); <b class="b3">μέσοις φωσίν</b> at a [[moderate]] [[fire]], Ps.-Democr.Alch.p.46 B., cf. Zos.Alch.pp.147,155 B.<br><span class="bld">3</span> the [[light]] of the [[eye]]s, <b class="b3">φάος ὀμμάτων, φάος ὄσσων</b>, Pind.''N.''10.40, Opp.''H.''4.525: pl., [[φάεα]] = [[eyes]], Od.16.15, 19.417; τίεσκον ἴσον φαέεσσιν ἐμοῖσι Mosch.4.9; φάη Gal. l. c.: sg., of the Cyclops' [[eye]], E.''Cyc.''633.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[window]], IG42(1).110.43 (Epid., iv B. C.), Plu.2.515b; [[opening]] in a machine, Heliod. ap. Orib.49.7.14.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[light]], as a metaph. for deliverance, happiness, victory, glory, etc., καὶ τῷ μὲν φάος ἦλθεν Il.17.615; φόως δ' ἑτάροισιν ἔθηκεν 6.6; ἐπὴν φάος ἐν νήεσσι θήῃς 16.95; ἐν χερσὶ φόως 15.741; [πύλαι] πετασθεῖσαι τεῦξαν φάος 21.538; φ. ἀρετᾶν Pi.''O.''4.11; δώμασιν φάος μέγα [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''300, cf. S.''Ant.'' 600 (lyr.), ''Aj.''709 (lyr.); λαμπρὸν φ. γένους ''Trag.Adesp.''9; of persons, ἤν πού τι φόως Δαναοῖσι γένωμαι Il.16.39, cf. 8.282, etc.; especially in addressing persons, ἦλθες, Τηλέμαχε, γλυκερὸν φάος Od.16.23; ὦ φάος Ἑλλήνων Anacr.124; Ἀκραγαντίνων φάος Pi.''I.''2.17; ὦ φίλτατον φῶς S.''El.''1224, 1354; ὦ μέγιστον Ἕλλησιν φάος E.''Hec.''841; in late Prose, Anon. ap. Suid. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ὦ φῶς]]: pl., ''AP''7.373 (Thall.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> of [[φῶς]], ὁ θεὸς φ. ἐστί ''1 Ep.Jo.''1.5; φ. καὶ ζωή ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατήρ ''Corp.Herm.''1.21; of Christ, φ. εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν ἐθνῶν ''Ev.Luc.''2.32, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with reference to [[illumination]] of the [[mind]], τῆς ἀληθείας τὸ [[φῶς]] E.''IT''1026; φῶς ἐν τῷ [[φιλοσοφεῖν]] Plu.2.77d, cf. 47c; τὸ φῶς τὸ ἐν σοί ''Ev.Matt.''6.23; τὸ φῶς τῆς ζωῆς ''Ev.Jo.''8.12; ἐν τῷ φωτί εἶναι ''1 Ep.Jo.''2.9; <b class="b3">τέκνα φωτός, ὅπλα τοῦ φωτός</b>, ''Ep.Eph.''5.8, ''Ep.Rom.''13.12.<br><span class="bld">III</span> the [[dark ring round the nipple]], Poll.2.163.