ὕβρις: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῠ by nature, ῡ by position in Ep. etc.], ἡ, gen. -εως Ar.''Lys.'' 425, ''Th.''465 (lyr.), εος Id.''Pl.''1044, Eub.67.9, Ep. and Ion. -ιος Hes.''Op.'' 217, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.189:—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[wanton]] [[violence]], arising from the pride of strength or from passion, [[insolence]], [[hubris]], freq. in Od., mostly of the suitors, μνηστήρων, τῶν ὕ. τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐρανὸν ἵκει 15.329, 17.565; μνηστῆρες ὑπέρβιον ὕ. ἔχοντες 1.368, 4.321; λίην γὰρ ἀτάσθαλον ὕ. ἔχουσι 16.86, cf.Alc.''Supp.''27.10; ὕβρει εἴξαντες Od.14.262, 17.431; <b class="b3">θεοὶ . . ἀνθρώπων ὕβριν τε καὶ εὐνομίην ἐφορῶντες</b> ib.487; δίκη ὑπὲρ ὕβριος ἴσχει Hes. [[l.c.]], cf. Archil.88, ''IG''12.394 (vi B. C.), 42(1).122.98 (Epid., iv B. C.); joined with [[ὀλιγωρίη]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.106; δυσσεβίας μὲν ὕβρις τέκος A.''Eu.''533 (lyr.); ἐπιθυμίας . . ἀρξάσης ἐν ἡμῖν τῇ ἀρχῇ ὕ. ἐπωνομάσθη [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]'' 238a; in Poets freq. joined with [[κόρος]] (v. [[κόρος]] (A) 2): predicated of actions, ἆρ' οὐχ ὕβρις τάδ'; S.''OC''883; ταῦτ' οὐχ ὕβρις δῆτ' ἐστίν; Ar.''Nu.''1299, cf. ''Ra.''21, ''Pl.''886; ὕβρις τάδ' ἐστί, κρείσσω δαιμόνων εἶναι θέλειν E.''Hipp.''474; [[ὕβρει]] = [[in wantonness]] or [[in insolence]], S.''El.''881, Pl.''Ap.''26e; ἐφ' ὕβρει [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''1581, D.21.38, ''PCair.Zen.''462.9 (iii B. C.), etc.; δι' ὕβριν D.21.42; διὰ τὴν ὕ. X.''HG''2.2.10; πρὸς ὕβριν Plu. ''Alc.''37, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[lust]], [[lewdness]], opp. [[σωφροσύνη]], Thgn.379, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]'' 8.4.14.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of animals, [[violence]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.189; ὕβρις ὀρθία κνωδάλων Pi.''P.''10.36, cf. ''N.''1.50 (v. [[ὑβρίζω]] 1.2); ἡ ἐκ τοῦ χαλινοῦ ὕ. D.Chr.63.5.<br><span class="bld">II</span> = [[ὕβρισμα]], an [[outrage]] (though it is freq. difficult to separate this concrete sense from the abstract), Il.1.203, 214; ὕβριν τεῖσαι Od. 24.352; ὑπὸ γυναικὸς ἄρχεσθαι ὕ. ἐσχάτη Democr.111, cf. Xenoph.1.17: sts., like [[ὑβρίζω]], followed by a Prep., <b class="b3">Ἥρας μητέρ' εἰς ἐμὴν ὕβρις</b> her [[outrage]] towards... E.''Ba.''9; <b class="b3">ἡ κατ' Ἀργείων</b> (-ους codd.Priscian.) ὕ. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''368; ἡ πρὸς τοὺς δημότας ὕ. Hdn.2.4.1: c. gen. objecti, <b class="b3">ὕ. τινός</b> towards him, Id.1.8.4, etc.: pl., [[wanton]] [[act]]s, [[outrage]]s, Hes.''Op.''146, E.''Ba.''247, ''HF''741, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''884a, etc.:—for [[ὕβριν ὑβρίζειν]], cf. [[ὑβρίζω]] ΙΙ.2.<br><span class="bld">2</span> an [[outrage]] on the [[person]], esp. [[violation]], [[rape]], Pi.''P.''2.28, Lys. 1.2, etc.; παίδων ὕβρεις καὶ γυναικῶν αἰσχύνας Isoc.4.114, cf. Plb.6.8.5; τὴν ὕ. τὴν εἰς τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα Aeschin.1.116; <b class="b3">τὴν τοῦ σώματος ὕβριν πεπρακώς</b> ib.188; so <b class="b3">τὸ σῶμα ἐφ' ὕβρει πεπρακώς</b> ib.29; γυναῖκας ἤγαγε δεῦρ' ἐφ' ὕβρει D.19.309; γυναικῶν ὕβρεις ἢ εἰς αὑτοὺς ἢ εἰς υἱεῖς Arist.''Rh.''1373a35.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in Law, a term covering all the more [[serious]] injuries done to the [[person]], Isoc.20.2, Aeschin. 1.15, D.37.33, 45.4; see esp. D.21 (against Meidias); <b class="b3">ὁ τῆς ὕβρεως νόμος</b> ib.35 (the text is given ib.47); δίκη ὕβρεως ἢ πληγῶν ''PHal.''1.115 (iii B. C.), cf. ''PHib.''1.32.8 (iii B. C.), etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> used of a [[loss]] by [[sea]], Pi. (v. [[ναυσίστονος]]), ''Act.Ap.''27.21.<br><span class="bld">B</span> as masc., = [[ὑβριστής]], a [[violent]], [[overbearing]] [[man]], κακῶν ῥεκτῆρα καὶ ὕβριν ἀνέρα Hes.''Op.''191.