εἶδος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εἴδεος, τό, ([[εἴδω]] A)<br><span class="bld">A</span> that which is [[see]]n: [[form]], [[shape]], freq. in Hom., of the human [[form]] or [[figure]], esp. abs. in acc. with Adjs., εἶδος [[ἄριστος]], [[ἀγητός]], [[κακός]], Il.3.39,5.787, 10.316; [[ἀλίγκιος]] ἀθανάτοισιν Od.8.174; opp. [[φρένες]], 17.454; opp. [[βίη]], Il.21.316; <b class="b3">δευτέρα πεδ' Ἀγιδὼν τὸ εἶδος</b> Alcm.23.58; τὸ εἶδος τῆς γυναικὸς ὑπερεπαινέων [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.8, etc.; [[appearance]], of a [[dog]], Od.17.308; ὄφιες ποικίλοι τὰ εἴδεα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.107; εἴδεα [τῶν θεῶν] σημήναντες Id.2.53; γυνὴ τό γ' εἶδος Ar.''Th.''267: hence, [[periphrasis]] for [[person]], S.''El.''1177; τὸ ἐπ' εἴδει καλόν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 210b.<br><span class="bld">b</span> especially of [[beauty of person]], [[comeliness]], εἴδεος ἐπαμμένος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.199; πλούτῳ καὶ εἴδει προφέρων Id.6.127.<br><span class="bld">c</span> Medic., [[physique]], [[habit of body]], [[constitution]], Hp.''Nat.Hom.''9, ''Hum.''1: more freq. in plural, Id.Aër.3, al.; <b class="b3">εἴδεα εὔχροά τε καὶ ἀνθηρά</b> ib.5.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[shape]], σχῆμα καὶ εἶδος Id.''Off.''3, cf. ''Mochl.''6, etc.; [[pattern]], of 'figurate' [[number]]s, Arist. ''Ph.''203a15; ἡ μονὰς εἶδος εἰδῶν τυγχάνει ''Theol.Ar.''4, cf. 17; [[decorative pattern]] or [[figure]], Plu. ''Them.''29 (pl.); of a musical scale, τοῦ διὰ τεσσάρων τρία εἰδη Aristox.''Harm.''p.74 M. (identified with [[σχῆμα]], ibid.): in plural, [[shape]]s, i.e. various kinds of [[atom]]s (cf. [[ἰδέα]]), Democr. ap. [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''Sens.''51.<br><span class="bld">b</span> Geom., <b class="b3">δύο εἴδη τῷ εἴδει δεδομένα</b> two [[figures]] given [[in species]], Euc.''Dat.''53, etc.; especially in central conics, [[rectangle formed by a transverse diameter and the corresponding parameter]], Apollon.Perg. ''Con.''1.14,21, al.; also, [[species]] of numbers, of the terms in an algebraical expression involving different powers of the unknown quantity, Dioph.''Def.''11.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[form]], [[kind]], or [[nature]], τῶν ἀλλέων παιγνιέων τὰ εἴδεα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.94; τὸ εἶδος τῆς νόσου Th.2.50, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐν ἁρμονίας εἴδει εἶναι, γενέσθαι</b>, to be or become [[like]]... [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 91d, cf. ''Cra.''394d; <b class="b3">ὡς ἐν φαρμάκου εἴδει</b> by [[way]] of medicine, Id.''R.''389b; <b class="b3">νόμων ἔχει εἶδος</b> is in the [[province]] of law, Arist.''Pol.''1286a3; [[situation]], [[state]] of things, σκέψασθε ἐν οἵῳ εἴδει… τοῦτο ἔπραξαν Th.3.62; [[plan of action]], [[policy]], ἐπὶ εἶδος τρέπεσθαι Id.6.77, 8.56; <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἄλλ' εἶδος τρέπεσθαι</b> take up another [[line]], Ar.''Pl.''317; [[specific notion]], [[meaning]], [[idea]], ἂν παρέχῃ τὸ ἓν εἶδος δύο ὀνόματα... περὶ ἑνὸς εἴδεος δύο ὀνόματα οὐ τὰ αὐτά Aen.Tact.24.1; [[department]], Hp.''VM''12 (but also, [[elementary nature]] or [[quality]], ib. 15); [[type]], [[sort]], πυρετῶν Id.''Epid.''3.12; αὐγῆς Id.''Off.''3, etc.: Rhet., [[style]] of writing, τὰ εἴδη τῶν λόγων Isoc.13.17, cf. Arist.''Rh.Al.'' 1441b9 (pl.); later, [[definite literary form]], Men.Rh.init., Procl.''Chrest.'' p.243 W., ''EM''295.52; also, [[example of a style]], ὅλοις εἴδεσι Isoc.15.74; later, [[single poem]], applied to Pindar's odes by Sch.; also, [[written statement]], ἀναγνωσθέντος εἴδους ''PAmh.''2.65.11 (ii A.D.), cf. ''PTeb.''287.12 (ii A.D.).<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[class]], [[kind]], πᾶν τὸ τῶν πίστεων εἶδος Isoc.15.280, cf. D.24.192: freq. in Pl., <b class="b3">περὶ παντὸς τοῦ εἴδους… ἐν ᾧ</b>… ''Tht.'' 178a; <b class="b3">ἑνὶ εἴδει περιλαβεῖν</b> ib.148d; <b class="b3">εἰς ταὐτὸν ἐμπέπτωκεν εἶδος</b> ib. 205d, etc.; [[logical species]], Sph.235d; ἓν εἶδος ἀποχωρίζειν ''Plt.''262e; <b class="b3">τὰς διαφορὰς ὁπόσαιπερ ἐν εἴδεσι κεῖνται</b>, ib.285b, al., cf. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]'' 1057b7, al., ''Cat.''2b7; as a subdivision of [[γένος]], Id.''Rh.''1393a27; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ γένους πεύκη, εἴδει διαφέρουσα</b>, Dsc.1.69.<br><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἰδέα]] II.2, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 103e, ''R.''596a, ''Prm.''132a, al., [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''990b9, al., etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[form]], opp. [[matter]] ([[ὕλη]]), Id.''Ph.''187a18, al., ''Metaph.''1029a29: hence, [[formal]] [[cause]], [[essence]], ib.1032b1, etc.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> in later Gr., [[wares]] of different kinds, [[goods]], POxy.109.1 (iii/iv A.D.), ''PFay.''34.7 (ii A.D.): hence, [[payments in kind]], opp. [[χρυσίον]], Just.''Nov.''17.8, cf. ''Cod.Just.''1.4.18, al.; [[spice]]s, Lyd.''Mag.''3.61; [[grocery|groceries]], Anon.post Max.p.120 L.; <b class="b3">εἶδος ἰατρικόν</b> [[drug]], [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]] [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[νίτρον]], cf. ''Hippiatr.''129.54 and v. [[ἑξάειδος]], [[τετράειδος]], [[τρίειδος]]; of a [[chemical]] [[reagent]], Zos.Alch.p.205 B.