servitus: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>servĭtūs</b>: ūtis (<br /><b>I</b> gen. plur. servitutium, Dig. 8, 2, 32 fin.; 8, 3, 1 fin.; and acc. to Ritschl also Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 14), f. id., the [[condition]] of a [[servus]]; [[slavery]], [[serfdom]], [[service]], [[servitude]] (freq. and [[class]].).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: [[servitus]] est [[constitutio]] juris gentium, quā [[quis]] dominio [[alieno]] [[contra]] naturam subicitur, Dig. 1, 5, 4; Just. Inst. 1, 3, 2: servitutem servire, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 31 (v. this freq. occurring [[phrase]] under [[servio]], I. δ): quibus [[nunc]] [[aerumna]] mea libertatem [[paro]], Quibus servitutem mea [[miseria]] [[deprecor]]? Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 16, 9 (Trag. v. 173 Vahl.): domi fuistis [[liberi]]: Nunc [[servitus]] si evenit, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4: qui [[hodie]] fuerim [[liber]], eum [[nunc]] potivit [[pater]] servitutis, id. Am. 1, 1, 24 Fleck.: [[quis]] hoc [[imperium]], [[quis]] hanc servitutem ferre potest? [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: ipsam (mulierem) in servitutem adjudicare, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 56: ista [[corruptela]] servi si impunita fuerit ... [[fit]] in dominatu [[servitus]], in servitute [[dominatus]], id. Deiot. 11, 30: [[mors]] servituti anteponenda, id. Off. 1, 23, 81: servitutem perpessi, id. Phil. 8, 11, 32: aliae nationes servitutem pati possunt, populi Romani est propria [[libertas]], id. ib. 6, 7, 19: servitutem pati, id. ib. 6, 7, 19: [[similitudo]] servitutis id. Rep. 1, 27, 43: hunc [[nimis]] liberum populum [[libertas]] ipsā servitute afficit, etc... Nimia [[illa]] [[libertas]] in nimiam servitutem cadit, id. ib. 1, 44, 68: socios nostros in servitutem abduxerunt, id. Pis. 34, 84: servitutis jugum, id. Rep. 2, 25, 47: [[Themistocles]] cum servitute Graeciam liberasset, id. Lael. 12, 42: conjuges in servitutem abstrahi, Caes. B. G. 7, 14; addicere aliquem in servitutem, Liv. 3, 56; Caes. B. G. 7, 77: liberum populum servitute adficere, Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68: asserere aliquem in servitutem, Liv. 3, 44, 5; 34, 18, 2; Suet. Tib. 2.—*<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; As a verbal [[noun]] [[with]] dat.: [[opulento]] homini hoc [[servitus]] dura est, this serving or [[being]] [[servant]] of a [[rich]] [[man]], Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 12.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen. (acc to [[servio]], II.), [[servitude]], [[subjection]]: [[numquam]] salvis suis exuitur [[servitus]] [[muliebris]]; et ipsae libertatem, [[quam]] [[viduitas]] et [[orbitas]] facit, detestantur, Liv. 34, 7 Drak.: silvestres gallinae in servitute non foetant, in [[confinement]], Col. 8, 12; so id. 8, 15, 7: hujus tanti officii servitutem astringebam testimonio [[sempiterno]], Cic. Planc. 30, 74: est [[enim]] in illis ipsa [[merces]] [[auctoramentum]] servitutis, id. Off. 1, 42, 150; cf.: ut se homines ad servitutem juris astringerent, Quint. 2, 16, 9; 7, 3, 16.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> The [[government]], [[rule]], [[dominion]] of a [[master]]: [[tibi]] Apud me justa et [[clemens]] [[servitus]], Ter. And. 1, 1, 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> (Acc. to [[servio]], II. B.) Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., a [[liability]] resting [[upon]] [[them]], an easement, [[servitude]]: servitutes praediorum rusticorum sunt hae: [[iter]], [[actus]], via, [[aquaeductus]], Dig. 8, 3, 1: jura praediorum urbanorum, quae servitutes vocantur, Gai. Inst. 2, 14: servitute [[fundo]] [[illi]] imposita, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 3: [[specus]] servitutis putat aliquid habituros, id. Att. 15, 26, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> Concr. (for the [[class]]. [[servitium]]), slaves, servants ([[collect]].); [[poet]]. of lovers: adde [[quod]] [[pubes]] [[tibi]] crescit [[omnis]], Servitus crescit nova (= catervae amatorum [[semper]] novorum). Hor. C. 2, 8, 18; cf. Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 14 Ritschl.