μακρός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[[μακρά]], [[μακρόν]] [ᾰ by nature],<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[long]], whether of Space or Time,<br><span class="bld">I</span> of Space,<br><span class="bld">1</span> in length, [[long]], δόρυ Il.7.140; <b class="b3">νέες, νῆες μ.</b> [[ships of war]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.21, Th.1.41, etc. (collect. in sg., [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''380); πλοῖα μ. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 5.30, Th.1.14; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τὰ μακρότερα</b> measured by the [[longer]] [[side]]s, i.e. [[length-wise]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.50; <b class="b3">τὰ μ. τείχη</b> the [[long]] walls of [[Athens]], Th.8.71, etc.; ἐν τῷ μακρῷ σκέλει τῷ πὸτ τῷ Ποτειδανίῳ ''SIG''247 iii 11 (Delph., iv B. C.); <b class="b3">ἡ μακρά</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[γραμμή]]), line traced by [[δικασταί]] to indicate the heavier penalty, Ar.''V.''106; <b class="b3">ὁ μ. δρόμος</b> the [[long-distance]] [[torch]]-[[race]], ''SIG'' 1068.9 (Patmos, iii/ii B. C.), al., ''OGI''339.83 (Sestos, ii B. C.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> in height, [[tall]], [[high]], <b class="b3">μ. Ὄλυμπος, οὔρεα, δένδρεα, κίων</b>, Il.15.193, 13.18,9.541, Od.1.127, etc.; of a man, μακρότερον καὶ πάσσονα θῆκεν ἰδέσθαι 8.20, cf. 18.195; μ. πύκτης ''PLond.''3.1158.6 (iii A. D.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> reversely, [[deep]], φρείατα Il.21.197; [[φάραγξ]] Herod.8.17.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in distance, [[long]], [[far]], [[remote]], κέλευθος Il.15.358; οἶμος Hes.''Op.''290; ναυτιλίαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.1; στόλος S.''Ph.''490; <b class="b3">μ. ἐπιβοήθειαι</b> [[long]] marches to aid, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''5.4.47; [[remote]], ἀποικία [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''814; <b class="b3">τὰ μακρότατα</b> the [[remotest parts]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.32: freq. in neut. sg. and pl. as adverb, <b class="b3">μακρὰ βιβάς, βιβάσθων</b>, with [[long]] strides, Il.7.213, 13.809; <b class="b3">μακρὰ ῥίψαις, δισκήσαις</b>, Pi.''P.''1.45, ''I.''2.35; μακρότερον σφενδονᾶν X.''An.''3.4.16; μακρὸν [[ἀῧσαι]], [[βοᾶν]], to [[shout]] so as to be heard [[afar]], i.e. [[loudly]], Il.3.81, 2.224; μακρὰ μεμυκώς 18.580; μακρὸν ἠχεῖν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 329a; κλάειν σε μακρὰ κελεύσας [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''433 (v. [[κλαίω]] and infr. v); later by analogy, μακρὰ χαίρειν φράσας τῷ ναυπηγῷ Luc.''Nav.''2, cf. ''Apol.''3, al., D.C.46.3; cf. [[μακράν]].<br><span class="bld">4</span> generally, [[large in size]] or [[degree]], [[great]], [[ἤπειρος]] A.''Eu.''75; ὄλβος Pi.''P.''2.26; πλοῦτος [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''130; τιμήματα Arist.''Pol.'' 1278a23, cf. 1297b4 (Sup.); [[οὐσία]] ib.1290b16, 1321a11; μακροτέρα ἀρετά Pi.''I.''4(3).13; ἐλπίσαντες μακρότερα μὲν τῆς δυνάμεως, ἐλάσσω δὲ τῆς βουλήσεως Th.3.39; <b class="b3">μ. τραπεζῖται</b>, perhaps [[big]] bankers, Cat.Cod. Astr.7.222.<br><span class="bld">5</span> dat. [[μακρῷ]], to strengthen Comp. and Sup., [[by far]], μ. πρῶτος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.34; ἄριστος μ. Id.9.71; ἀσθενεστέρα μ. [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''514, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Philebus|Phlb.]]'' 66e; μ. μάλιστα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.171, cf. A.''Eu.''30, etc.; κάκιστα δὴ μ. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''895: also with Verbs implying comparison, ἀριστεύει μ. [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''890 (lyr.), cf. D.H.1.2.<br><span class="bld">II</span> of [[time]], [[long]] (Hom. only in Od.), [[ἤματα]], [[νύξ]], 10.470, 11.373; [[αἰών]] [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Pi.''N.''3.75; μ. χρόνος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.32, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐ μ. χρόνου</b> for no [[long]] time, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''1078, etc.; διὰ μ. χρόνου [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''741 (troch.); ἐν χρόνῳ μ. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''88, etc.; δι' αἰῶνος μ. A.''Supp.''582 (lyr.); τὸν μ. βίον Id.''Pr.''449; τοῦ μ. βίου [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''473; <b class="b3">μηνὶ -ότερος</b> [[by]] a month, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.32; [[μακρῷ]] (cf. 1.5) πρότερον Gal.8.958; <b class="b3">μ. ἐέλδωρ</b> a [[long-cherished]] wish, Od.23.54; <b class="b3">μ. γόοι, ὀδύρματα</b>, S.''El.''375, E.''Hec.''297.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[long]], [[tedious]], Pi.''N.''4.33, etc.; λόγοι S.''El.''1335, Th. 3.60, etc.; <b class="b3">μακρὰν ἔοικε λέξειν</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ῥῆσιν]]) Ar.''Th.''382; οὐδὲ εἷς Ὅμηρον εἴρηκεν μακρόν Philem.97.7; <b class="b3">μακρόν [ἐστι]</b> c. inf., Lat. [[longum est]], Pi.''I.''6(5).56; μ. ἂν εἴη γράφειν X.''Ages.''7.1. Adv. [[μακρῶς]], λέγεσθαι Antiph. 268: Comp. μακρότερον<b class="b3">, ποιεῖς</b> you are taking [[too long]], PCair.Zen. 48.4 (iii B. C.), cf. Philippid.21.<br><span class="bld">3</span> Gramm., [[long]] in quantity, φωνήεντα Arist.''Po.''1458a11, [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''15; [[μακρά]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[συλλαβή]]), ἡ, A.D.''Pron.''92.12; ἡ φύσει μ. Id.''Adv.''179.16: Comp., φωνήεντι μακροτέρῳ Arist.''Po.''1458a1; also [[μακρά]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[προσῳδία]]), ἡ, [[mark of long quantity]], S.E.''M.''1.113, D.T.''Supp.''674.7; ᾱ μακρόν A.D.''Pron.''112. 6.<br><span class="bld">III</span> neut. with Preps. in adverb. sense, <b class="b3">διὰ μακροῦ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[χρόνου]]) after [[a long time]], [[long delayed]], E.''Hec.''320, ''Ph.''1069; [[οὐ διὰ μακροῦ]] = [[not long after]], Th.6.15,91, Pl.''Alc.''2.151b (also of place, οὐ διὰ μ. τῆς Ῥώμης D.H.9.56); [[διὰ μακρῶν]] E.''Fr.''420.1; διὰ μακρᾶς Phalar.''Ep.'' 69.1; but [[διὰ μακρῶν]] = [[at great length]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 449b, etc.; διὰ μακροτέρων Isoc.4.106; <b class="b3">μικρῷ διὰ μ.</b> at somewhat [[greater length]], Arist. ''Pol.''1279b11.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ὄλβος οὐκ ἐς μακρὸν ἔρχεται</b> for no [[long time]], Pi. ''P.''3.105; <b class="b3">ἐς τὰ μακρότατα</b> to the [[utmost]], Th.6.31; v. [[μακράν]] ''ΙΙ''.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἐπὶ μακρόν]] = [[far]], [[a long way]], πορεύεσθαι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''5.4.47; of [[time]], Call. ''Del.''255; ὅσον ἐπὶ μακρότατον οἷοί τε ἐγενόμεθα ἐξικέσθαι ἀκοῇ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 4.16, cf. 2.34 ([[ἐπὶ]] omitted 1.171 codd.); τοσόνδε ἐπὶ μ. ἐπυθόμην Id.2.29; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μακρότερον</b> [[yet more]], Th.4.41.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> regul. Comp. and Sup., v. supr.: irreg. Comp. [[μάσσων]], Sup. [[μήκιστος]], v. sub vocc.<br><span class="bld">V</span> Adv. [[μακρῶς]] = [[at great length]], opp. [[συντόμως]], Arist.''Rh.'' 1416b4; [[slowly]], Plb.3.51.2; <b class="b3">μ. ἔχειν τοῖν σκέλοιν</b> have [[long]] legs, Philostr.''Gym.''31; of pronunciation, [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''15; μ. [[ἐκφέρειν]] συλλαβήν Str.13.1.68: but the Adv. is usually expressed by neut. [[μακρόν]] or [[μακρά]], cf. supr. 1.3; <b class="b3">μακρὰ κλάειν</b> to howl [[loudly]], Ar.''Th.''211; οἰμώξει μ. Id.''Av.''1207, ''Pl.''111; ὀτοτύζεσθαι μ. Id.''Lys.''520; <b class="b3">τί μακρὰ δεῖ λέγειν</b>; Antiph.33.5; also by [[μακράν]] (v. sub voc.); or by neut. with a Prep., v. supr. ''III'': for Comp. and Sup. of the Adv., v. [[μακροτέρως]], [[μακροτάτω]]: neut. pl. [[μακρότερα]] as adverb, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''250c, al.—Fem. [[μακρά]] not to be confused with [[μάκρα]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]). (Cf. Avest. mas-'long', Lat. [[macer]].)