ὑπόκειμαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=used as Pass. of [[ὑποτίθημι]], fut. ὑποκείσομαι Pi.O.1.85, etc., but aor. ὑπετέθην:—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[lie under]], ὑπὸ δὲ ξύλα κεῖται Il.21.364; θεμέλιοι ὑ. Th.1.93; τὸν μηρὸν ὑποκείμενον ἔχειν Arist.''IA''712b32, cf. ''PA''686a13, 689b18: c. dat., τοιαύτης τῆς κρηπῖδος ὑποκειμένης ταῖς πολιτείαις [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 301e: [[τὰ ὑποκείμενα]] = what lies under, opp. [[τὰ ὑπερκείμενα]] = what lies above, Sor.1.8.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of places, [[lie close to]], ὑποκειμένης τῆς Εὐβοίας ὑπὸ τὴν Ἀττικήν Isoc. 4.108; ὑ. τὸ πεδίον τῷ ἱερῷ Aeschin.3.118; [[λόφος]] [[ὑποκείμενος]] τοῖς Σιννάκοις Plu.''Crass.''29; τὸ τὴν οἰκουμένην ὑποκεῖσθαι πρὸς τοῦτον τὸν τόπον [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Meteorologica|Mete.]]''364a7, cf.''Pr.''941b39; πρὸς βορρᾶν καὶ ἄρκτον ὑποκείμενα μέρη τῶν ὀρέων ''Gp.''2.5.1; <b class="b3">τὰ ὑποκείμενα ἐδάφη</b> the [[adjacent]] [[soil]], [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]3.50; <b class="b3">ἡ ὑποκειμένη χώρα</b> the [[adjacent]] [[country]], ibid. (but, the [[adjacent]] [[low]] [[land]]s, Id.2.37, Plu.''Sert.''17); ὄρος ὑπόκειται Plb.5.59.4 codd. (<b class="b3">ἐπίκ-</b> Schweigh.); ὁ ὑποκείμενος ποταμός Id.3.74.2; <b class="b3">ὑποκεῖσθαι πρὸς τὴν ὄψιν</b> to [[be presented]] to the [[sight]], Demetr.Lac.''Herc.''1013.17.<br><span class="bld">3</span> to [[be given below]] in the text, κατὰ τὴν.. [[συγγραφή]]ν, ἧς τὸ [[ἀντίγραφον]] ὑπόκειται ''PCair.Zen.''355.122 (iii B. C.); <b class="b3">γράψον.. τοὺς χαρακτῆρας ὡς ὑπόκειται</b> as [[below]], PMag.Par.1.408; <b class="b3">λέγε τὸν λόγον τὸν ὑποκείμενον</b> ib.230; <b class="b3">ὡς ὑπόκειται</b> as [[below]], Sammelb.5231.11 (i A. D.), etc.; also, as [[set forth]], PKlein.Form.78 (v/vi A. D.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> in various metaph. senses,<br><span class="bld">1</span> to [[be established]], [[set before]] one (by oneself or another) as an aim or principle, <b class="b3">ἐμοὶ μὲν οὗτος ἄεθλος ὑποκείσεται</b> [[shall]] [[be]] my [[appointed]] [[task]], Pi. l. c.; <b class="b3">δυοῖν ὑποκειμένοιν ὀνομάτοιν</b> two [[phrase]]s being [[prescribed]], having [[legal]] [[sanction]], D.23.36; ὑπόκειται πρῶτον μὲν [[διωμοσία]], δεύτερον δὲ [[λόγος]] the [[prescribe]]d [[course]] [[is]]... ib.71; <b class="b3">μένειν ἐπὶ τῶν ὑποκειμένων</b> to [[abide]] by one's [[resolve]]s, Plb.1.19.6, 2.51.1; μένειν ἐπὶ τῆς ὑ. γνώμης Id.1.40.5; <b class="b3">ἐμοὶ ὑπόκειται ὅτι</b>.. for me [[it is a fixed principle]] that... [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.123, cf. Arist.''Oec.''1343b9; νομίζω [[συμφέρειν]].. τοῦθ' ὑποκεῖσθαι D.14.3; <b class="b3">τῶν πραγμάτων ἐν οἷς τὰ ὑποκείμενα διαφέρει τῷ εἴδει</b> things of which the [[principle]]s [[differ]] in [[kind]], Arist.''Pol.''1275a35; <b class="b3">τὰς ὑποκειμένας μοίρας τξ</b> the [[conventional]] 3600, Ptol.''Alm.''5.1.<br><span class="bld">2</span> to [[be assumed as a hypothesis]] (cf. [[ὑπόθεσις]] III), [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Cratylus|Cra.]]''436d, al.; <b class="b3">ὑπέκειτο μὴ οἷόν τε εἶναι</b>.. Id.''Erx.''404b; τούτων ὑποκειμένων Id.''Prt.''359a, ''R.''478e; <b class="b3">τὴν ἐκ τῶν ὑποκειμένων ἀρίστην [πολιτείαν]</b> the [[best]] ([[possible]]) [[in the circumstances]], opp. to <b class="b3">τὴν κρατίστην ἁπλῶς</b> and to <b class="b3">τὴν ἐξ ὑποθέσεως</b>, Arist. ''Pol.''1288b26; [[ὑποκείσθω]] τι [[let it be taken for granted]], Id.''EN''1103b32, cf. 1129a11, al., Gal.15.175; [[ὑποκείσθω ὅτι]].. [[let it be taken for granted]] that... Arist.''Pol.''1323b40; ὑ. εἶναι τὴν ἡδονὴν κίνησιν Id.''Rh.''1369b33: so with a nom., <b class="b3">ὑ. ἡ ἀρετὴ εἶναι</b>.. Id.''EN''1104b27, cf. ''Rh.''1357a11: c. part., τοιόνδε ζῷον ὑ. ὄν Id.''GA''778b17: without any Verb, <b class="b3">ἡ τοῦ δέρματος φύσις ὑ. γεώδης</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[εἶναι]] or [[οὖσα]]) ib.782a29, etc.: cf. [[ὑποτίθημι]] IV. ''1''.<br><span class="bld">3</span> to [[be suggested]], τρόπῳ τῷ ἐξ ἐμεῦ ὑποκειμένῳ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.40.<br><span class="bld">4</span> to [[be in prospect]], ἐλπὶς ὑπόκειται σφαλεῖσι κἂν αὐτοὺς διασῴζεσθαι Th.3.84; αἱ ὑποκείμεναι προσδοκίαι καὶ αἱ ἐλπίδες D.19.24; <b class="b3">παρ' ὑμῖν ὀργὴ μεγάλη καὶ τιμωρία ὑπόκειται τοῖς τὰ ψευδῆ μαρτυροῦσι</b> is [[reserve]]d for them, Id.34.19, cf. Lycurg.130; <b class="b3">δυοῖν κινδύνοιν ὑποκειμένοιν</b> ibid.; ὁρᾶν τὸν θάνατον ὑποκείμενον ''PPetr.''3p.73 (iii B. C.); φόβου ὑποκειμένου ὅτι οἴσει τι βέβαιον παρὰ σοῦ ''PSI''4.380.3 (iii B. C.); τοῦτο καὶ τοῖς μηθὲν ἀσεβὲς ἐπιτελεσαμένοις κατὰ τοὺς τοῦ πολέμου νόμους ὑπόκειται παθεῖν Plb.2.58.10.<br><span class="bld">5</span> to [[be subject to]], [[submit to]], τῷ ἄρχοντι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 510c; βασιλεῖ Philostr. ''VA''3.20; πατράσιν ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''237 vii 16 (ii A. D.); ἐξετάσεσιν ''PFlor.''33.14 (iv A. D.); βασάνοις ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''58.25 (iii A. D.): abs., [[pay court to]] one, ὑποκείσονται δεόμενοι καὶ τιμῶντες [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 494c; <b class="b3">τῷ λόγῳ</b> to [[be captivated]] by the [[story]], Philostr.''VA''6.14; [[θρῆνος|θρῆνοι]] ὑποκείμενοι [[subdued]], Id.''VS''2.4.2.<br><span class="bld">6</span> to [[be subject to]], [[be liable to]] a [[penalty]], ''Supp.Epigr.''6.424, cf. 415,421, al. (Iconium), ''PLond.''1.77.53 (vi A. D.): also c. acc., ὑποκείσεται τῷ φίσκῳ δηνάρια πεντακόσια ''Rev.Phil.''36.61 (Iconium).<br><span class="bld">7</span> to [[be pledged]] or [[be mortgaged]], c. gen., [[for]] a certain [[sum]], Is.6.33, D.49.11,35; ναῦς ὑποκειμένη ἡμῖν Id.56.4; τὰ [[ὑποκείμενα]] = the [[articles pledged]], Syngr. ap.D.35.12; the [[mortgaged property]], ''SIG''1044.28 (Halic., iv/iii B. C.); ἐνέχυρα ὑποκείμενα ''IG''12(7).58 (Amorgos); [[ὑποκείμενοι]], of [[slave]]s [[pledged for]] a [[sum]] of [[money]], D.27.9.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of payments, [[to have been granted]] or [[allocate]]d, <b class="b3">ἀποφαίνουσιν ὑποκεῖσθαι ἐν τῇ γραφῇ τῶν εἰς τὰ ἱερὰ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' ὑποκειμένων) δίδοσθαι κτλ. ''UPZ''21.4 (ii B. C.), cf. 23.21 (ii B. C.), ''BGU'' 1197.4, 1200.28 (both i B. C.): Subst. [[ὑποκείμενα]], τά, = [[φιλάνθρωπα]], [[salary]] ([[earmark]]ed [[proceed]]s of [[tax]]es), τὰ ἐπιβάλλοντά μοι ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ ὑ. ''PLond.''2.357.9, cf. 5 (i A. D.); ὑ. αἰτεῖ ἀπὸ τῶν κωμῶν ''BGU''23.12 (ii/iii A. D.), cf. ''OGI''665.19,26 (Egypt, i A. D.): c. dat., as part of name of specific taxes, ὑ. βασιλικῇ γραμματείᾳ [[earmarked]] for the [[benefit]] of.., PPar.17.22 (ii A. D.); ὑ. [[τοπογραμματεία|τοπογραμματείᾳ]] ''PSI''1.101.18 (ii A. D.), cf. ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''1436.23 (ii A. D.), etc.: also in sg., ὑποκείμενον [[ἐπιστρατηγία]] ''BGU'' 199.14 (ii A. D.), cf. ''PFlor.''375.22 (ii A. D.), etc.: also c. gen., ὑ. ἐννομίου ''PRyl.''213.72, al. (ii A. D.); [[τοπαρχία]]ς ib.73, etc.<br><span class="bld">8</span> in Philosophy, to [[underlie]], as the [[foundation]] in which something else inheres, to [[be implied]] or [[be presupposed]] by something else, ἑκάστῳ τῶν ὀνομάτων.. ὑ. τις ἴδιος οὐσία [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 349b, cf. ''Cra.''422d, ''R.''581c, Ti.Locr.97e: τὸ [[ὑποκείμενον]] has three main applications: (''1'') to the [[matter]] which underlies the [[form]], opp. [[εἶδος]], [[ἐντελέχεια]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''983a30; (2) to the [[substance]] ([[matter]] + [[form]]) which underlies the [[accident]]s, opp. [[πάθη]], [[συμβεβηκότα]], Id.''Cat.''1a20,27, ''Metaph.''1037b16, 983b16; (3) to the logical subject to which attributes are ascribed, opp. τὸ [[κατηγορούμενον]], Id.''Cat.''1b10,21, ''Ph.''189a31: applications (''1'') and (2) are distinguished in Id.''Metaph.''1038b5, 1029a1-5, 1042a26-31: τὸ [[ὑποκείμενον]] is occasionally used of what underlies or is presupposed in some other way, e.g. of the positive termini presupposed by change, Id.''Ph.''225a3-7.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[exist]], [[τὸ ἐκτὸς ὑποκείμενον]] the [[external]] [[reality]], Stoic.2.48, cf. Epicur.''Ep.''1pp.12,24 U.; φῶς εἶναι τὸ χρῶμα τοῖς ὑ. ἐπιπῖπτον Aristarch. Sam. ap. ''[[Placita Philosophorum|Placit.]]''1.15.5; τὸ κρῖνον τί τε φαίνεται μόνον καὶ τί σὺν τῷ φαίνεσθαι ἔτι καὶ κατ' ἀλήθειαν ὑπόκειται S.E.''M.''7.143, cf. 83,90,91, 10.240; = [[ὑπάρχω]], [[τὰ ὑποκείμενα πράγματα]] = [[the existing state of affairs]], Plb.11.28.2, cf. 11.29.1, 15.8.11,13, 3.31.6, Eun.''VS''p.474 B.; Τίτος ἐξ ὑποκειμένων ἐνίκα, χρώμενος ὁπλις μοῖς καὶ τάξεσιν αἷς παρέλαβε Plu.''Comp.Phil.Flam.''2; τῆς αὐτῆς δυνάμεως ὑποκειμένης Id.2.336b; ἐχομένου τοῦ προσιόντος λόγου ὡς πρὸς τὸν [[ὑποκείμενον]] A.D.''Synt.''122.17.<br><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ὁ ὑποκείμενος ἐνιαυτός</b> the [[year]] [[in question]], [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]11.75; <b class="b3">οἱ ὑποκείμενοι καιροί</b> the [[time]] in [[question]], Id.16.40, Plb.2.63.6, cf. Plu.''Comp.Sol.Publ.''4; <b class="b3">τοῦ ὑποκειμένου μηνός</b> the [[current]] [[month]], ''PTeb.''14.14 (ii B. C.), al.; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ ὑποκειμένου φόρου</b> in [[return]] for a [[reduction]] from the [[said]] rent, ''PCair.Zen.''649.18 (iii B. C.); <b class="b3">πρὸς τὸ ὑποκείμενον νόει</b> according to the [[context]], Gp.6.11.7.<br><span class="bld">9</span> in logical arrangement, to [[be subject]] or [[be subordinate]], τῇ.. ἰατρικῇ.. ἡ ὀψοποιικὴ.. ὑ. Pl. ''Grg.''465b; ὁ τὴν καθόλου ἐπιστήμην ἔχων οἶδέ πως πάντα τὰ ὑποκείμενα [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''982a23, cf. ''APo.''91a11; ἑκάστη [τέχνη] περὶ τὸ αὐτῇ ὑ. ἐστι διδασκαλική Id.''Rh.''1355b28.<br><span class="bld">b</span> ἡ [[ὑποκειμένη ὕλη]] the [[subject-matter]] of a [[science]] or [[treatise]], Id.''EN''1094b12, 1098a28, Phld.''Po.Herc.''1676.3 (pl.); τὸ [[ὑποκείμενον]] the [[part]] [[affected]] by a [[disease]], Plb.1.81.6.<br><span class="bld">III</span> trans., = [[ὑποτέθειμαι]], I have [[append]]ed, ὧν τὸ καθ' ἓν ὑπόκειμαι ''PTeb.'' 140 (i B. C.); cf. [[παράκειμαι]] (Addenda).