καθίστημι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bld">A</span> in causal sense:—Act., in pres., impf., fut., and pf. καθέστᾰκα Hyp.''Eux.''28, [[LXX]] ''Je.''1.10, D.H.''Dem.''54, [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]32.11, etc.; once καθέστηκα ''PHib.''1.82i14 (iii B. C.): plpf. -εστάκει Demetr. Sceps. ap. Ath.15.697d:—also in Med., fut. (Paus.3.5.1), aor. 1, more rarely pres. (infr. A. 11.2):—[[set down]], κρητῆρα καθίστα Il.9.202; <b class="b3">νῆα κατάστησον</b> [[bring]] it to [[land]], Od.12.185; <b class="b3">κ. δίφρους</b> [[place]], [[station]] them, before starting for the [[race]], S.''El.''710; [[ποῖ]] ([[δεῖ]]) <b class="b3">καθιστάναι πόδα</b>; E.''Ba.''184; κ. τινὰ εἰς τὸ φανερόν X.''An.''7.7.22; [[set up]], [[erect]], of [[stone]]s, ''Inscr.Cypr.''94, 95 H.:—Med., [[λαῖφος]] <b class="b3">κατεστήσαντο βοεῦσι</b> [[steady|steadied]] it, ''h.Ap.''407.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[bring down]] to a place, τούς μ' ἐκέλευσα Πύλονδε καταστῆσαι Od.13.274: generally, [[bring]], κ. τινὰ ἐς Νάξον [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.64, cf. Th.4.78; esp. [[bring back]], πάλιν αὐτὸν κ. ἐς τὸ τεῖχος σῶν καὶ ὑγιᾶ Id.3.34; κ. τοὺς Ἕλληνας εἰς Ἰωνίαν πάλιν X.''An.''1.4.13; without [[πάλιν]], [[replace]], [[restore]], ἐς φῶς σὸν κ. βίον [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''362; ἃς (''[[sc.]]'' τὰς κόρας) οὐδ' ὁ [[Μελάμπους]]… καταστήσειεν ἄν = [[cure]] their [[squint]], Alex.112.5; <b class="b3">ἰκτεριῶντας κ.</b> Dsc.4.1; τὸ [[σῶμα]] = [[restore]] the [[general]] [[health]], Hp.''Mul.'' 2.133:—Med., [[κατεστήσαντο]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] for [[κατεκτήσαντο]]) [[εὐδαιμονία]]ν Isoc. 4.62:—Pass., οὐκ ἂν ἀντὶ πόνων [[Χάρις]] καθίσταιτο = [[would]] be [[return]]ed, Th. 4.86.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[bring before]] a [[ruler]] or [[magistrate]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.209, ''PRyl.''65.10 (i B. C.), etc.; τινὰ ἐπί τινα ''PCair.Zen.''202.6 (iii B. C.), ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''281.24 (i A. D.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[set in order]], [[array]], of [[soldier]]s, X.''An.''1.10.10; [[set]] as [[guard]]s, [[προφυλακή|προφυλακάς]] ib.3.2.1, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ordain]], [[appoint]], κατέστησε τύραννον εἶναι παῖδα τὸν ἑωυτοῦ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.94, cf. 25: usually without the inf., κ. τινὰ ὕπαρχον Id.7.105; [[ἄλλον]] [[ἄρχοντα]] ἀντὶ αὐτοῦ [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.1.12, etc.; βασιλέα ἐπί τινας [[LXX]] ''1 Ki.''8.5, al.; τινὰ ἐς μοναρχίαν [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Supplices|Supp.]]'' 352; ἐπὶ τὰς ἀρχάς Isoc.12.132; τινὰ τύραννον [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1672; κ. ἐγγυητάς [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.196, Ar.''Ec.''1064; [[δικαστής|δικαστάς]], [[ἐπιμελητής|ἐπιμελητάς]], [[νομοθέτης|νομοθέτας]], Id.''Pl.'' 917, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.1.9, D.3.10 (sed leg. [[καθίσατε]], cf. [[καθίζω]] 1.4); of games, etc., <b class="b3">γυμνικοὺς ἀγῶνας κ.</b> Isoc.4.1: rarely c. inf., οἱ καθιστάντες μουσικῇ… παιδεύειν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 410b:—so in Pass., [[κυβερνᾶν]] κατασταθείς [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''1.7.3: aor. Med., [[appoint for oneself]], τύραννον καταστησάμενοι παρὰ. σφίσι αὐτοῖσι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.92.á; ἄρχοντας X.''An.''3.1.39, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> especially of [[law]]s, [[constitution]]s, ceremonies, etc., [[establish]], [[νόμους]], [[τελετάς]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''892, ''Ba.''21, etc.; [[πολιτεία]]ν, [[δημοκρατία]]ν, Arist.''Ath.''7.1, Decr.ib. 29.3; ὀλιγαρχίαν Lys.12.42; also, [[set in order]], [[arrange]], πολιτείαν Pl. ''R.''590e:—also in Med., τοῦτο [[βουλευτήριον]] [[φρούρημα]] γῆς καθίσταμαι A.''Eu.''706; τὴν Ἱππίου καθίσταμαι [[τυραννίδα]] Ar.''V.''502; καθίστατο τὰ περὶ τὴν Μυτιλήνην ᾗ αὐτῷ ἐδόκει Th.3.35; πόλεις ἐπὶ τὸ ὠφέλιμον Id.1.76; [[Εὔβοια]]ν [[ὁμολογίᾳ]] ib.114; <b class="b3">πρὸς ἐμὲ τὸ πρᾶγμα καταστήσασθαι</b> [[settle]] it with me, D.21.90.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[bring into a certain state]], τινὰ ἐς [[ἀπόνοια|ἀπόνοιαν]] Th.1.82; ἐς ἀπορίαν Id.7.75; εἰς ἀνάγκην Lys.3.3; εἰς αἰσχύνην Pl.''Sph.''230d; εἰς [[ἐρημία]]ν φίλων Id.''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''232d; εἰς ἀγῶνα Id.''Ap.''24c; τινὰ εἰς ἀσφάλειαν Isoc.5.123; <b class="b3">τίνας εἰς ἀγῶνα καθέστακα</b>; Hyp.''Eux.'' 28, cf. Lycurg.2; κ. τινὰ ἐν ἀγῶνι καὶ κινδύνῳ Antipho 5.61; τὴν πόλιν ἐν πολέμῳ Pl.''Mx.''242a; τοὺς φίλους ἐν ἀκινδύνῳ [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.5.28; <b class="b3">κ. ἑαυτὸν ἐς κρίσιν</b> [[present]] himself for [[trial]], Th.1.131, cf. Lycurg.6; <b class="b3">κ. τινὰ εἰς τοὺς ἀρχικούς</b> [[reckon]] him as one of... [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.1.9.<br><span class="bld">4</span> c. dupl. acc., [[make]], [[render so and so]], ψευδῆ γ' ἐμαυτόν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''657; ἡ [[ἐπιθυμία]] κ. τινὰ ἀμνήμονα Antipho 2.1.7; <b class="b3">τὸ πιστὸν ὑμᾶς ἀπιστοτέρους κ.</b> Th.1.68; <b class="b3">κ. τι φανερόν, σαφές</b>, Id.2.42, 1.32; <b class="b3">τινὸς ἐπίπονον τὸν βίον κ.</b> Isoc.10.17: c. part., [[κλαίοντα καθιστάναι τινά]] = [[bring one to tears]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]''635: rarely c. inf., <b class="b3">κ. τινὰ φεύγειν</b> [[make]] him [[fly]], Th.2.84, cf. [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''283, Luc.''Charid.''8:—Pass., ἀνάγκη τὴν [[ναυμαχία]]ν [[πεζομαχία]]ν καθίστασθαι Th.2.89.<br><span class="bld">5</span> Med., [[get for oneself]], τὴν ζόην καταστήσασθαι ἀπ' ἔργων ἀνοσιωτάτων [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.105.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[make]], in periphrases, πάννυχοι… διάπλοον καθίστασαν [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''382:—Med., <b class="b3">κρυφαῖον ἔκπλουν οὐδαμῇ καθίστατο</b> ib.385.<br><span class="bld">B</span> intr. in aor. 2, pf. [[καθέστηκα]], and plpf. of Act. (also fut. καθεστήξω Th.3.37, 102), and all tenses of Med. (exc. aor. 1) and Pass.: pf. [[καθέσταμαι]] in later Greek, ''IG''22.1006.24 (ii B. C.), [[LXX]] ''Nu.''3.32, etc.:—to [[be set]], [[set oneself down]], [[settle]], ἐς [[Αἴγινα]]ν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.131, cf. Th.4.75; [[ὀδύναι]] καθίσταντο ἐς ὑπογάστριον Hp.''Epid.''7.97; of [[joint]]s, <b class="b3">ἐξίσταται ἀνωδύνως καὶ κ.</b> goes out of joint and [[in again]], Id.''Art.''8; κ. ἐς [[Ῥήγιον]] = to [[make]] [[Rhegium]] a [[base]] of [[operation]]s, Th.3.86; simply, to [[be come to]] a [[place]], ὅποι καθέσταμεν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''23.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[come before]] another, [[stand in]] his [[presence]], Pi.''P.''4.135; λέξον καταστάς [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]'' 295 (unless it be taken in signf. 4), cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.152; κ. ἐς ὄψιν τινός Id.7.29; καταστάντες ἐπὶ τοὺς [[ἄρχων|ἄρχοντας]] ἔλεγον Id.3.46, cf.156; καταστὰς ἐπὶ τὸ πλῆθος ἔλεγε Th.4.84.<br><span class="bld">2</span> to [[be set]] as guard, ὑπό τινος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.59, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''356, X.''An.''4.5.19, etc.; to [[be appointed]], δεσπότης… καθέστηκα E.''HF''142; στρατηλάτης νέος καταστάς Id.''Supp.''1216; <b class="b3">κ. Χορηγὸς εἰς Θαργήλια, στρατηγός</b>, etc., Antipho 6.11, Isoc.4.35, etc.; οἱ πρόβουλοι καθεστᾶσιν ἐπὶ τοῖς βουλευταῖς Arist.''Pol.''1299b37; [[δικτάτωρ]]… καθεστάμενος τὸ [[τέταρτον]] = Lat. [[dictator]] [[designatus]] [[quartum]], of [[Caesar]], ''IG''12(2).35b7 (Mytil.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[deposit a sediment]], Hp. ''Epid.''1.2, 7.<br><span class="bld">4</span> also, [[stand]] or [[become quiet]] or [[become calm]], of [[water]], ὅταν ἡ [[λίμνη]] καταστῇ [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''865, cf. ''PHolm.''16.3; <b class="b3">θάλασσα γαληνὴ καὶ κ.</b> Plb.21.31.10; <b class="b3">πνεῦμα λεῖον καὶ καθεστηκός</b> calm and [[settled]], Ar.''Ra.'' 1003; <b class="b3">ὁ θόρυβος κατέστη</b> [[subside]]d, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.80; of laughter, Philostr. ''VA''3.4; of a [[swelling]], Hp.''Prog.''7; ἕως τὰ πράγματα κατασταίη Lys. 13.25; also of persons, [[καταστάς]] [[composedly]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''295 (but v. supr. 1b); [ἡ ψυχὴ] καθίσταται καὶ ἠρεμίζεται Arist.''Ph.''248a2; [[ὁρῶμεν]] [τοὺς ἐνθουσιαστικοὺς]… καθισταμένους Id.''Pol.''1342a10; καθεστηκυίας τῆς διανοίας Ocell.4.13; <b class="b3">καθεστῶτι προσώπῳ</b> with [[composed]], [[calm]] countenance, Plu.''Fab.''17; μαίνεσθαι καὶ ἔξω τοῦ καθεστηκότος εἶναι Luc.''Philops.''5; <b class="b3">τίς ἂν καθεστηκὼς φήσαιε</b>; what [[person]] of [[mature]] [[judgement]] would [[say]]… ? Phld.''Po.''5.15; ἡ [[καθεστηκυία|καθεστηκυῖα]] [[ἡλικία]] = [[middle]] [[age]], Th.2.36; <b class="b3">ἡλικία μέση καὶ καθεστηκυῖα</b> Pl.''Ep.''316c; [[οἱ καθεστηκότες]] = [[those of middle age]], Hp.''Aph.''1.13: also, with metaphor from wine, [[mellow]], of persons, Alex.45.8.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[come into a certain state]], [[become]], and in pf. and plpf., to [[have]] [[become]], [[be]], ἀντὶ φίλου πολέμιόν τινι κ. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 1.87; οἱ μὲν ὀφθαλμῶν ἰητροὶ κατεστέασι, οἱ δὲ κεφαλῆς Id.2.84; ἔμφρων καθίσταται [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''306; τῶν ἄνωθεν ὑπόπτων καθεστώτων Epicur. ''Sent.''13; ἐς μάχην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.45; ἐς πόλεμον ὑμῖν καὶ μάχην κ. E.''HF'' 1168; ἐς πάλην καθίσταται δορὸς τὸ πρᾶγμα Id.''Heracl.''159; ἐς τὴν ἴησιν Hp.''Prorrh.''2.12; <b class="b3">ἐς τὸ αὐτό</b> they [[recover]], Id.''Coac.''160 (later abs., καταστῆναι καὶ μηδενὸς ἔτι φαρμάκου δεηθῆναι Gal.''Vict.Att.''1); ἐς τοὺς κινδύνους Antipho 2.3.1; ἐς φόβον [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.12, Th.2.81; <b class="b3">ἐς δέος, λύπην</b>, Id.4.108,7.75; ἐς φυγήν Id.2.81; ἐς ἔχθραν τινί Isoc.9.67; <b class="b3">εἰς ὁμόνοιαν, εἰς πολλὴν ἀθυμίαν</b>, Lys.18.18, 12.3; <b class="b3">καταστῆναι ἐς συνήθειάν τινος τὴν πόλιν ποιεῖν</b> [[make]] the [[city]] [[become]] [[accustomed]] to it, Aeschin.1.165; ἀντιστασιώτης κατεστήκεε [[had]] [[been]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.92, cf. 9.37; ἐν δείματι μεγάλῳ κατέστασαν Id.7.138; <b class="b3">καταστάντων σφι εὖ τῶν πρηγμάτων</b> ib.132; <b class="b3">τίνι τρόπῳ καθέστατε</b>; in [[what]] [[case]] [[are]] [[ye]]? [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''10; <b class="b3">φονέα με φησὶ… καθεστάναι</b> ib.703; ἄπαρνος δ' οὐδενὸς καθίστατο Id.''Ant.''435; [[κρυπτός|κρυπτὸς]] καταστάς [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]''1064; οἱ ἐν τούτῳ τῆς ἡλικίας καθεστῶτες ἐν ᾧ… Antipho 2.1.1; <b class="b3">ἐν οἵῳ τρόπῳ [ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἀρχὴ] κατέστη</b> how it [[come into being|came into being]], Th.1.97, cf. 96; <b class="b3">ἀρξάμενος εὐθὺς καθισταμένου</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τοῦ πολέμου</b>) from its [[first]] [[commencement]], Id.1.1.<br><span class="bld">6</span> to [[be established]] or [[be instituted]], [[prevail]], καί σφι μαντήϊον Διὸς κατέστηκε [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.29; <b class="b3">ἄγραι… πολλαὶ κατεστᾶσι</b> ib.70, cf. 1.200; <b class="b3">ὅδε σφι νόμος κατεστήκεε</b> ib.197; βροτοῖσιν ὃς καθέστηκεν νόμος E. ''Hipp.''91: c. inf., θεὸν Ἀμφιάραον πρώτοις Ὠρωπίοις κατέστη νομίζειν Paus.1.34.2: pf. part., [[exist]]ing, [[established]], [[prevail]]ing, <b class="b3">τὸν νῦν κατεστεῶτα κόσμον</b> Hdt 1.65; ἦν κατεστηκὸς οὐδὲν φόρου πέρι Id.3.89; <b class="b3">τοὺς κατεστεῶτας τριηκοσίους</b> the [[regular]] 300, Id.7.205; οἱ καθεστῶτες νόμοι [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''1113, Ar.''Nu.''1400; <b class="b3">τὰ καθεστῶτα</b> the [[present state of life]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''1160; also, [[exist]]ing [[law]]s, [[usage]]s, <b class="b3">τὰ τότε καθεστῶτα, τά ποτε καθεστῶτα</b>, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]'' 798b, Isoc.7.56; ἐπὶ τοῖσι κατεστεῶσι ἔνεμε τὴν πόλιν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.59.<br><span class="bld">7</span> of purchases, [[cost]], <b class="b3">πλέον ἢ ὅσου ἐμοὶ κατέστησαν</b> = [[more]] [[than]] [[they]] stood me in, And.2.11, cf. Plu.2.349a.<br><span class="bld">8</span> [[stand against]], [[oppose]], πρός τινα dub. l. in Plb.23.18.5:—Pass., Τιτήνεσσι κατέσταθεν Hes. ''Th.''674.<br><span class="bld">C</span> aor. 1 Med. and sometimes pres. Med. are used in trans. sense, v. supr. A. 11.2sq.