περισσός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. [[περιττός]], περισσή, περισσόν, (from [[περί]], as [[ἔπισσαι]] from [[ἐπί]], [[μέτασσαι]] from [[μετά]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[beyond the regular number]] or [[beyond the regular size]], [[prodigious]], δῶρα Hes.''Th.''399 (never in Hom.); μος ''Trag.Adesp.''458.3; [[στάθμα]], dub.sens., v. [[ἕλκω]] B. 3.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[out of the common]], [[extraordinary]], [[strange]], <b class="b3">ἔ τι περισσὸν εἰδείη</b> if he has any [[signal]] [[knowledge]], Thgn.769; <b class="b3">εἴ τι φρονεῖς καί τι περισσὸν ἔχεις</b> Philisc.(''PLG''2.327); περισσὸς λόγος [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]'' 841; ἄγρα E.''Ba.''1197(lyr.); πάθος Id.''Supp.''791 (lyr.); βίος οὐδὲν ἔχων π. ἀλλὰ πάντα σμικρά Antipho Soph.51; οὐ γὰρ π. οὐδὲν οὐδ' ἔξω λόγου πέπονθας E.''Hipp.''437; περισσότερα παθήματα Antipho 3.4.5; τὰ π. τῶν ἔργων καὶ τερατώδη Isoc.12.77; <b class="b3">ἴδια καὶ π.</b> Id.15.145; π. καὶ θαυμαστά [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1141b6; <b class="b3">πρᾶξις π.</b> Id.''Pol.''1312a27; οὐθὲν δὴ λέγοντες π. φαίνονταί τι λέγειν Id.''Metaph.''1053b3; <b class="b3">τί π. ποιεῖτε</b>; ''Ev.Matt.''5.47; περιττοτάτη φύσις [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''531a9; <b class="b3">συνανθρωπίζον… πάντων περισσότατον</b>, of the [[dog]], Ath.13.611c, cf. Clearch.24; in Literature, [[striking]], [[τὸ περιττόν]], as a [[quality]] of <b class="b3">οἱ τοῦ Σωκράτους λόγοι</b>, Arist.''Pol.''1265a11; <b class="b3">τὰ σοφὰ καὶ τὰ περισσά</b> = [[refinement]]s, Epicur.''Fr.''409; opp. <b class="b3">κοινὸς καὶ δημώδης</b>, Longin.40.2 (but also, [[elaborate]], περισσὸς καὶ [[πεποιημένος]] Id.3.4; in bad sense, [[far-fetched]], D.H.''Pomp.''2, ''Dem.''56).<br><span class="bld">3</span> of persons, [[extraordinary]], [[remarkable]], esp. for great learning, π. ὢν [[ἀνήρ]] E.''Hipp.'' 948; τοὺς… π. καί τι πράσσοντας πλέον Id.''Fr.''788; <b class="b3">δυστυχεῖς εἶναι τοὺς π.</b> [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''983a2; π. [[γένος]] τῶν μελιττῶν Id.''GA''760a4: freq. with the manner added, π. κατὰ φιλοσοφίαν Id.''Pr.''953a10; <b class="b3">περὶ τὸν ἄλλον βίον περιττότερος</b> [[somewhat]] [[extravagant]] or [[eccentric]], Id.''Pol.''1267 b24; <b class="b3">τῇ φύσει π.</b> Id.''HA''622b6; κάλλει Plu.''Demetr.''2; ἐν ἅπασι Id.''Dem.'' 3; τὴν ὥραν Alciphr.1.12: c. inf., [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''18.<br><span class="bld">4</span> c. gen., <b class="b3">περισσὸς ἄλλων πρός τι</b> [[beyond]] others in... S.''El.''155; <b class="b3">θύσει τοῦδε περισσότερα</b> [[greater things than]] this, ''AP''6.321 (Leon.Alex.); περιττότερος προφήτου [[one greater than]]…, ''Ev.Matt.''11.9.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[more than sufficient]], [[superfluous]], αἱ π. δαπάναι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.6.6; <b class="b3">περιττὸν ἔχειν</b> to have a [[surplus]], Id.''An.''7.6.31; <b class="b3">οἱ μὲν… περιττὰ ἔχουσιν, οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ τὰ ἀναγκαῖα</b>… Id.''Oec.''20.1: c. gen., <b class="b3">τῶν ἀρκούντων περιττά</b> [[more]] [[than]] [[sufficient]], Id.''Cyr.'' 8.2.21; τὰ π. τῶν ἱκανῶν Id.''Hier.''1.19: freq. in military sense, <b class="b3">οἱ περισσοὶ ἱππεῖς</b> the [[reserve]] [[horse]], Id.''Eq.Mag.''8.14; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τῆς φυλακῆς</b> ib.7.7; <b class="b3">π. σκηναί</b> [[spare]] [[tent]]s, Id.''Cyr.''4.6.12 (but <b class="b3">τοῖς περιττοῖς χρήσεσθαι</b> their [[superior]] [[number]]s, Id.''An.''4.8.11, cf. ''Cyr.''6.3.20); [[τὸ περιττόν]] the [[surplus]], [[residue]], Inscr. ap. eund.''An.''5.3.13 (but <b class="b3">τὸ περιττὸν τοῦ Ἰουδαίου</b> the [[advantage]] of the [[Jew]], ''Ep.Rom.''3.1); <b class="b3">Ἁρπυιῶν τὰ περιττά</b> their [[leavings]], AP11.239 (Lucill.); <b class="b3">τὸ περιττὸν τῆς ἡμέρας</b> the [[remainder]] of the [[day]], X.Eph.1.3; <b class="b3">περιττὰ γράμματα</b> [[supplementary]] [[provision]]s in a [[will]], ''BGU''326ii9 (ii A.D.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> in bad sense, [[superfluous]], [[useless]], <b class="b3">οὐδέ τι τοῦ παντὸς κενεὸν πέλει οὐδὲ π.</b> Emp.13; [[μόχθος]] περισσός [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''385, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''780; π. κἀνόνητα σώματα Id.''Aj.''758; βάρος π. γῆς ἀναστρωφώμενοι Id.''Fr.''945; [[ἄχθος]] Id.''El.''1241 (lyr.); τὰ γὰρ π. πανταχοῦ λυπήρ' ἔπη Id.''Fr.''82; αὐδῶ σε μὴ περισσὰ [[κηρύσσειν]] A.''Th.''1048; π. πάντες οὑν μέσῳ λόγοι E.''Med.''819; π. φωνῶν Id.''Supp.''459.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[excessive]], [[extravagant]], [[μηχανᾶσθαι]] περισσά = [[commit]] [[extravagance]]s, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.32; περισσὰ [[δρᾶν]], περισσὰ [[πράσσειν]], to [[be overbusy]], S.''Tr.''617, ''Ant.''68; περισσὰ [[φρονεῖν]] = to [[be overwise]], E.''Fr.''924 (anap.); ἡ π. αὕτη [[ἐπιμέλεια]] τοῦ σώματος [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 407b; <b class="b3">μῆκος πολὺ λόγων π.</b> Id.''Lg.'' 645c; [[redundant]], [[overdone]], οἱ καρτεροὶ καὶ π. λόγοι Id.''Ax.''365c, etc.; of dress, <b class="b3">ἐσθὴς π.</b> Plu.2.615d; περισσοτέρα λύπη ''2 Ep.Cor.''2.7; <b class="b3">τοῦ τὰ δέοντ' ἔχειν περιττὰ μισῶ</b> I [[hate]] [[extravagance]] in [[comparison]] with [[moderation]], Alex.254, etc.<br><span class="bld">4</span> of persons, [[over-wise]], [[over-curious]], περισσὸς καὶ φρονῶν μέγα E.''Hipp.''445, cf.''Ba.''429(lyr.); ὁ [[πολυπράγμων]] καὶ περιττός Plb.9.1.4; <b class="b3">τὴν περὶ τὸ σῶμα θεραπείαν ἀκριβὴς καὶ π.</b> Plu.''Cic.''8; so, of speakers, π. ἐν τοῖς λόγοις Δημοσθένης Aeschin.1.119.<br><span class="bld">5</span> as a term of [[praise]], [[subtle]], [[acute]], ἀκριβὴς καὶ π. διάνοια Arist.''Top.'' 141b13.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Arith., <b class="b3">ἀριθμὸς περισσός</b> an [[odd]], [[uneven]] [[number]], opp. [[ἄρτιος]], Epich.170.7, Philol.5, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 356e, etc.; π. ἡμέραι Hp.''Aph.'' 4.61; <b class="b3">τὸ περιττὸν καὶ τὸ ἄρτιον</b> the [[nature]] of [[odd]] and [[even]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 451c, etc.; <b class="b3">π. χῶραι</b> the [[odd]] places in a [[verse]], Heph.5.1; <b class="b3">ἀρτιάκις περιττὸς ἀριθμός</b> a [[number]] [[divisible]] by an [[odd]] [[number]] an [[even]] number of times, as 2, 6, 10, Euc.7 ''Def.''9.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[περισσότεροι]] = [[more in number]], [[extra]], Carnead. ap. S.E.''M.''9.140.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[περιττόν]], τό, = [[στρύχνος]] [[μανικός]], [[θρύον]] ''ΙΙ'', [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 9.11.6; περισσόν Dsc.4.73; περίσκον Orib.12.8.56.<br><span class="bld">B</span> Adv. [[περισσῶς]] = [[extraordinarily]], [[exceedingly]], θεοσεβέεες [[περισσῶς]] ἐόντες [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.37; ἐπαινέσεται [[περισσῶς]] E.''Ba.''1197 (lyr.); [[περισσῶς]] παῖδας [[ἐκδιδάσκεσθαι]] = to have them [[educate]]d [[overmuch]], Id.''Med.''295; <b class="b3">περιττοτέρως τῶν ἄλλων</b> [[far above]] all others, Isoc.3.44; περισσότερον τοῦ ἑνός Luc. ''Pr.Im.''14; also [[περισσά]] Pi.''N.''7.43, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Hecuba|Hec.]]''579, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[remarkably]], <b class="b3">περισσότερον τῶν ἄλλων θάψαι τινά</b> [[more]] [[sumptuously]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.129; [[οἴκησις]] π. ἐσκευασμένη Plb.1.29.7; <b class="b3">περιττότατα ἔχειν</b> to be [[most]] [[remarkable]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''589a31; κοσμουμένη [[περιττῶς]] καὶ [[σεμνῶς]] Plu.2.145e; περισσότατα ἀνθρώπων [[θρησκεύειν]] = [[in the most singular way]], D.C.37.17; [[ἡδέως]] καὶ [[περισσῶς]] = [[in an uncommon manner]], [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''3; [[εἰπεῖν]] [[στρογγύλως]] καὶ [[περιττῶς]] Id.''Is.''20; <b class="b3">ἰδίως καὶ περιττῶς</b> Plu.''Thes.''19; <b class="b3">τὰ καινῶς ἱστορούμενα καὶ περιττῶς</b> Id.2.30d.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[abundantly]], ἐχέτω περιττῶς τῆς κρόκης Alciphr.3.41.<br><span class="bld">4</span> with a neg., <b class="b3">οὐδὲν περισσὸν τούτων</b> [[nothing]] [[more than]] or [[beyond]] these, Antipho 3.4.6; οὐδὲν τῶν ἄλλων περιττότερον [[πραγματεύεσθαι]] Pl.''Ap.''20c; <b class="b3">οὐδὲν περιττὸν ἢ εἰ</b>… [[no otherwise than if]]... Id.''Smp.'' 219c; [[περισσόν]] alone, [[furthermore]], [[LXX]] ''Ec.''12.12,al.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[τὰ περισσά]] = [[in vain]], AP12.182 (Strat.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[ἐκ περιττοῦ]] = [[superfluously]], [[uselessly]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 338c, ''Sph.''265e; but [[ὑπερέχειν]] [[ἐκ περιττοῦ]] = to [[be far superior]], Id.''Lg.''734d, cf. 802d; ἡ [[κάμινος]] ἐκαύθη ἐκ περιττοῦ Thd.''Da.''3.22; ἐκ π. χρησάμενος τῇ παρρησίᾳ Luc.Pro Merc.Cond.13; cf. [[ὑπερεκπερισσοῦ]].