ἐπιβάλλω: Difference between revisions

|Beta Code=e)piba/llw

|Definition= <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span>. trans., <b class="b2">throw</b> or <b class="b2">cast upon</b>, <b class="b3">θριξὶ... ἃς ἐπέβαλλον</b> (sc. <b class="b3">πυρί</b>) <span class="bibl">Il.23.135</span>; ἐπὶ δὲ χλαῖναν βάλεν αὐτῷ <span class="bibl">Od.14.520</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.440</span>; <b class="b3">ἑωυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ</b> v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.107</span>; φάρη κόραις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1221</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐ</b>. τινὰς ἐπὶ ἁμάξας <span class="bibl">Th.4.48</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Hdt.4.75</span>,<span class="bibl">5.112</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπιβάλλοντας</b> (sc. <b class="b3">χοῦν</b>) <b class="b2">throwing on more and more</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.76</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. <b class="b2">lay on</b>, [<b class="b3">ἡμιόνοις] ἐπέβαλλεν</b> ἱμάσθλην <span class="bibl">Od.6.320</span>; ἐ. πληγάς τινι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>2.8</span>; <b class="b3">Ζεὺς ἐπὶ χεῖρα</b> βάλοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>395</span> (lyr.), cf.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>933</span> (anap.); ἐ.τὴν χεῖρά τινι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lys.</span> 440</span> (but <b class="b3">τῷ καρπῷ τοῦ νοσοῦντος τὴν χεῖρα</b>, of feeling the pulse, Gal. 18(2).40; so τὴν ἁφήν Id.8.821, <span class="bibl">Marcellin. <span class="title">Puls.</span>119</span>); <b class="b3">τὰς χεῖρας τοῖς</b> κατ' Αἴγαιον <span class="bibl">Plb.3.2.8</span>; Ῥωμαίοις <span class="bibl">Id.18.51.8</span>; ἐπί τινα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>26.50</span>; <b class="b2">impose</b> as a tax tribute, τινί τι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.106</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.108</span>; as a fine or penalty, <b class="b3">ζημίην, φυγὴν ἐ. τινί</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.92</span> (Pass.), <span class="bibl">7.3</span>; ἀργύριον <span class="bibl">Lys.9.6</span>; ἐπιβολάς <span class="bibl">Id.20.14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>61.2</span>; λύτρα <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>21.30</span> (Pass.); <b class="b2">inflict</b>, <b class="b3">θνατοῖς ἐ. ἀνάλγητα, λύπην</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>128</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1115</span> (anap.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. <b class="b3">ἐ. σφρηγῖδα, δακτύλιον</b>, <b class="b2">affix</b> a seal, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.128</span>, <span class="bibl">2.38</span>; σφραγῖδ' ἐπί τι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>559</span>; <b class="b3">σύμβολόν τινι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1215</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span>. <b class="b2">add, contribute</b>, <b class="b3">μικρὸν [ἀληθεία</b>] <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>993b2</span>; ἐ. ἐπὶ τὸ ὕδωρ <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Ign.</span>49</span>; <b class="b3">νέον [φῶς</b>] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>409b</span>: metaph., <b class="b2">throw in, mention</b>, τι dub. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1246</span> (lyr.) (in Med., "χαίρειν τεοῖς προθύροις ἐπιβάλλομαι <span class="bibl">Theoc.23.27</span>); <b class="b3">Φαῖστος . . ἐπιβάλλων φησί</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.28</span>: abs., <b class="b2">bid higher</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1259a14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span>. <b class="b2">place next in order</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.26.15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span>. <b class="b2">let grow</b>, κλήματα <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">HP</span>4.13.5</span>; <b class="b3">βλαστούς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">3.5.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span>. <b class="b2">let loose</b>, πρόβατα ἐπὶ κνῆκον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>69.6</span> (i B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span>. causal of ἐπιβαίνω A. 111.3, <span class="bibl">D.Chr.7.134</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span>. <b class="b2">throw oneself upon, go</b> <b class="b2">straight towards</b>, c. acc., ἡ δὲ Φεὰς ἐπέβαλλεν <span class="bibl">Od.15.297</span>: later c. dat. loci, <span class="bibl">Plb.5.18.3</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.1.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Plot.3.7.12</span>, etc.; νήσοις <span class="bibl">Rhian.39</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς</b> <b class="b3">Ιταλίαν, ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.2.24.17</span>, <span class="bibl">5.6.6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PAmh.</span>2.31.5</span> (ii B.C.), etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. <b class="b2">fall upon</b>, <b class="b3">ὅπου ἂν ὁ ἥλιος ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>598a3</span>; esp. in hostile sense, <b class="b2">set upon</b>, c.dat., ib.<span class="bibl">623b1</span>, etc.; τοῖσ' Αρβήλοις <span class="bibl">D.S.17.64</span>: abs., ἐ.ληστρικῷ τρόπῳ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRyl.</span>127.10</span> (i A.D.); <b class="b3">ἐπιβάλλουσαι</b> <b class="b2">jostling, trampling</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>248a</span>; sens. obsc., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1216</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. (sc. <b class="b3">τὸν νοῦν</b>) <b class="b2">set to</b> a thing, <b class="b2">devote oneself to</b> it, c. dat., <span class="bibl">M.Ant.10.30</span>; τοῖς αὐλοῖς <span class="bibl">D.S.3.59</span>; τοῖς κοινοῖς πράγμασιν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cic.</span>4</span> (in full <b class="b3">τὴν διάνοιαν ἐ. πρός</b> τι <span class="bibl">D.S.20.43</span>): generally, <b class="b2">give one's attention to, think on</b>, Ev.Marc. 14.72. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span>. <b class="b2">apprehend</b>, <span class="bibl">Epicur. <span class="title">Fr.</span>423</span>; <b class="b2">attain by intuition</b>, c.dat., <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>54</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span>. <b class="b2">fall in one's way</b>, <b class="b3">ὅταν ἐπιβάλλῃ περὶ τῆς τοιαύτης</b>πολιτείας ἡ σκέψις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1266a25</span>; κατὰ τὸν ἐπιβάλλοντα λόγον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span>716a3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span>. <b class="b2">follow, come next</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.11.23.2</span>; τισί <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Aem.</span> 33</span>; <b class="b3">ἐφ' ὃν ἐπιβαλὼν ἔφη</b> said <b class="b2">thereupon</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.80.1</span>; <b class="b2">interrupt</b>, ἀποκρινομένῳ <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>7.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span>. <b class="b2">belong to, fall to the share of</b>, <b class="b3">μόριον</b> ὅσον αὐτοῖσι ἐπέβαλλε <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Diph.43.16</span>; <b class="b3">εἰ μὴ τὸ ὅλον, μέρος</b> γε, ἐπιβάλλει τῆς βλασφημίας ἅπασι <span class="bibl">D.18.272</span>; ὅσον ἐπιβάλλει αὐτοῖς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1260a19</span>; <b class="b3">ἑκάστῳ τῆς εὐδαιμονίας ἐπιβάλλει τοσοῦτον ὅσονπερ</b> <b class="b3">ἀρετῆς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1323b21</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν κτημάτων τὸ ἐπιβάλλον</b> (sc. <b class="b3">μέρος</b>) <b class="b2">the</b> <b class="b2">portion that falls to one</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.115</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">To.</span>3.17</span>,<span class="bibl">6.12</span>; so <b class="b3">τὸ ἐ. ἐφ'</b> ἡμᾶς μέρος <span class="bibl">D.18.254</span>; τὸ ἐ. μέρος τῆς οὐσίας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>15.12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGrenf.</span> 1.33.33</span> (ii B.C.), etc.; <b class="b2">fall due</b>, of payments, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>1.3.21</span> (ii B.C.); <b class="b3">τόκον ὃν ἔφη ἐπιβάλλειν αὑτῷ</b> which <b class="b2">was payable by</b> him, <span class="title">BCH</span>6.21 (Delos, ii B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span>. part. <b class="b3">ἐπιβάλλων</b>, in Law, <b class="b2">next-of-kin</b>, <b class="b3">ὁ ἐ., οἱ ἐ</b>., <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>7.36, 11.42, al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span>. impers. c. acc. et inf., <b class="b3">τοὺς Δελφοὺς</b> <b class="b3">δὴ ἐπέβαλλε . . παρασχεῖν</b> <b class="b2">it concerned</b> them to provide, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.180</span>: or c. dat. et inf., ἐπιβάλλει τινὶ ποιεῖν τι <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.2.39</span>,al., <span class="bibl">Plb.18.51.1</span>; ἐπιβάλλοντος ἡμῖν εὐεργετικοῖς εἶναι <span class="bibl">Corn.<span class="title">ND</span>15</span>; <b class="b3">κοινῇ πᾶσιν</b> ἐπιβάλλει <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>112.10</span> (ii B.C.); καθότι ἐπέβαλλεν ἀνδρὶ καλῷ καὶ ἀγαθῷ <span class="title">IG</span>12(7).231.5 (Amorgos): freq. in part., <b class="b3">ἐπιβάλλουσαν ἡγεῖσθαι τὴν</b> <b class="b3">στρατείαν τινί</b> <b class="b2">incumbent</b> upon.., <span class="bibl">Teles p.61</span> H.; τὸ ἐπιβάλλον <span class="bibl">Cleanth.Stoic.1.128</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.11.3</span>, etc.; τὰς -ούσας τάσεις τῆς φωνῆς <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.2.96</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ τῇ φύσει ἐ</b>. <span class="bibl">Antip.Stoic.3.255</span>; <b class="b2">appropriate</b>, <b class="b3">ὑποδοχαί</b> Teles<span class="bibl">p.41</span> H.; ἰήματα <span class="title">IG</span>22.1121.15; ἁρμονία Iamb.<span class="title">Comm.</span> <span class="title">Math.</span>30; <b class="b3">ἡ στέρησις ἐπιβάλλοντός ἐστι παρεῖναι εἴδους τινός</b> a specific form which <b class="b2">ought</b> to be present, <span class="bibl">Plot.1.8.11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span>. <b class="b2">shut to, close</b>, of the larynx, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>664b26</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span>. in Logic, <b class="b3">λόγοι ἐπιβάλλοντες</b>, <b class="b3">-όμενοι</b>, <b class="b2">overlapping</b> and <b class="b2">overlapped</b>, of syllogisms in a sorites, <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.2.85</span>; so of Time, ἐπέβαλε τοῖς χρόνοις Ἰουλιανῷ <span class="bibl">Eun.<span class="title">VS</span> p.497</span> B.:—Med., γηραιῷ τῷ Κυρηναίῳ ἐπεβάλετο Anon. <span class="title">Intr.Arat.</span> p.326M. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">10</span>. in Alchemy, <b class="b2">make a `projection'</b> (cf. [[ἐπιβολή]]), Syn.Alch.p.68B. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span>. Med., mostly like the intr. usages, but also: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span>. c. gen., <b class="b2">throw oneself upon, desire eagerly</b>, ἐνάρων ἐπιβαλλόμενος <span class="bibl">Il.6.68</span>; παρθενίας ἐπιβάλλομαι Sapph.102; τοῦ εὖ ζῆν ἐπιβάλλονται <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1258a3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. c. acc., <b class="b2">put upon oneself</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπιβαλλομέναν</b> . . πλόκον ἀνθέων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>840</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπιβάλλεσθαι</b> <b class="b2">put on more</b> <b class="b2">wraps</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">Char.</span>2.10</span> (cf. IV. <span class="bibl">1</span>); ὕπνον ἡδὺν -όμενος <span class="bibl">D.Chr.12.51</span>: metaph., <b class="b2">take possession of</b>, καὶ ἐπὶ κλήρους ἐβάλοντο <span class="bibl">Od.14.209</span>; <b class="b3">αὐθαίρετον δουλείαν ἐπιβαλεῖται</b> <b class="b2">will take upon himself</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.40</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span>. of trees, <b class="b2">make fresh growth</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">HP</span>3.5.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. c.acc., also, <b class="b2">attempt, undertake</b>, ἔργον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>264b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>48c</span>; μέθοδον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1260b36</span>: c.inf., Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.164</span>, Zeno Stoic.1.68, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.43.2</span>, etc.: abs., <b class="b3">πολλῶν -ημένων</b> though many have <b class="b2">made the attempt</b>, <span class="bibl">Agatharch. 76</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span>. c. dat., <b class="b2">put one's hand to</b>, ἐχέτλῃ <span class="title">AP</span>7.650 (Phal.(?)): metaph., <b class="b2">apply</b> or <b class="b2">devote oneself to</b>, τόλμῃ καὶ πράξει <span class="bibl">Plb.5.81.1</span>; ἐγχειρήματι μεγάλῳ <span class="bibl">D.H.5.25</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span>. <b class="b2">arrive at</b>, [<b class="b3">πολίεσσι</b>] <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Del.</span>68</span>; ὅταν ἐπὶ τοὺς χρόνους ἐπιβαλώμεθα <span class="bibl">D.S.19.55</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span>. <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πᾶσι -εβάλοντο</b> <b class="b2">brought up the rear</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.18.33</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span>. in Pass., <b class="b2">lie upon, be put upon</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπιβεβλημένοι τοξόται</b> archers <b class="b2">with their</b> <b class="b2">arrows on the string</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.3.28</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.2.12</span>; <b class="b3">λάσιον ἐπιβεβλημένος</b> <b class="b2">having</b> a rough cloak <b class="b2">on</b>, <span class="bibl">Theopomp.Com.36</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ἐν ψύχει κεῖσθαι</b> -ημένον <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>2.3.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.4.14</span>; διφθέραν -ημένη <span class="bibl">D.Chr.5.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span>. <b class="b2">to be set over</b>, ὁ τελώνης ὁ ἐπιβεβλημένος τῷ Ζεύγματι <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>1.20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span>. Rhet., <b class="b2">ornate</b> (v. <b class="b3">ἐπιβολή</b>), <b class="b3">ἰδέα λόγων οὔτ' ἐπιβεβλημένη</b> οὔτ' αὖος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">VS</span>1.20.2</span>.</span>

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