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ποινή: Difference between revisions
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|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">bloodmoney, were-gild, fine</b> paid by the slayer to the kinsmen of the slain, c. gen. pers., ἵνα μή τι κασιγνήτοιό γε π. δηρὸν ἄτιτος ἔῃ <span class="bibl">Il.14.483</span>; π. δ' οὔ τις παιδὸς ἐγίγνετο τεθνηῶτος <span class="bibl">13.659</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.633</span>; ἐνείκεον εἵνεκα ποινῆς ἀνδρὸς ἀποφθιμένου <span class="bibl">18.498</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> generally, <b class="b2">price paid, satisfaction, requital, penalty</b>, Κύκλωψ ἀπετείσατο π. ἰφθίμων ἑτάρων <span class="bibl">Od.23.312</span>; δυώδεκα λέξατο κούρους, π. Πατρόκλοιο <span class="bibl">Il.21.28</span>; πολέων δ' ἀπετίνυτο ποινήν <span class="bibl">16.398</span>; υἷος π. Γανυμήδεος <span class="bibl">5.266</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖς ἔνι π., ἔστ' ἐπὶ καὶ τῷ π</b>., <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>749</span>,<span class="bibl">755</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν ποινήν</b> <b class="b2">in return for</b> these things, <span class="bibl">Il. 17.207</span>; so also <b class="b3">ποινὴν τῆς Αἰσώπου ψυχῆς ἀνελέσθαι</b> accept <b class="b2">satisfaction for</b> A.'s life, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.134</span>; <b class="b3">ποινὴν τείσειν Ξέρξῃ τῶν κηρύκων τῶν ἀπολομένων</b> give Xerxes <b class="b2">satisfaction for</b> the death of the heralds, <span class="bibl">Id.7.134</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>543</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>564</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.4.11</span>; <b class="b3">ποινῆς εἵνεκα</b> by way of <b class="b2">penalty</b>, Epigr.Gr.356.3 (Hadriani): freq. in pl., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>270</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span> 464</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ποινὰς τεῖσαι</b> to pay <b class="b2">penalties</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.58</span>; τίνειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>112</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.1.11</span>; δοῦναι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>446</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">π. λαμβάνειν</b> exact <b class="b2">them</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 360</span>; τᾶς ὕβριος <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.98 (Epid.).—Rare in Prose, <b class="b3">δίκη</b> being the usual word. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> in good sense, <b class="b2">recompense, reward for</b> a thing, <b class="b3">τεθρίππων, καμάτων</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.59</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>1.70</span>; εὐχὰς ἀγαθὰς ἀγαθῶν ποινάς <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Supp.</span>626</span> (anap.); ποινὴν εὐσεβίης <span class="title">IG</span>14.1437. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">redemption, release</b>, π. τίς ἔσται πρὸς θεῶν; <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.63</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> personified, <b class="b2">the goddess of vengeance</b>, μᾶτερ, ἅ μ' ἔτικτες . . ἀλαοῖσι καὶ δεδορκόσι ποινάν <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Eu.</span>323</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>200</span> (lyr.): pl., <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.190</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.23.10.2</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> Astrol., name of a <b class="b3">κλῆρος</b>, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>5.15</span>; also of the sixth <b class="b3">τόπος</b>, Paul.Al.<span class="title">M.</span>1. (I.-E. <b class="b2">q[uglide]oi-nā</b>, cf. Avest. <b class="b2">kaēnā-</b> 'punishment', 'vengeance', Lith. <b class="b2">kaina</b>, Slav. <b class="b2">cèna</b> 'price', cogn. with <b class="b3">τίνω, τεῖ-σαι</b>.) </span> | |Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">bloodmoney, were-gild, fine</b> paid by the slayer to the kinsmen of the slain, c. gen. pers., ἵνα μή τι κασιγνήτοιό γε π. δηρὸν ἄτιτος ἔῃ <span class="bibl">Il.14.483</span>; π. δ' οὔ τις παιδὸς ἐγίγνετο τεθνηῶτος <span class="bibl">13.659</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.633</span>; ἐνείκεον εἵνεκα ποινῆς ἀνδρὸς ἀποφθιμένου <span class="bibl">18.498</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> generally, <b class="b2">price paid, satisfaction, requital, penalty</b>, Κύκλωψ ἀπετείσατο π. ἰφθίμων ἑτάρων <span class="bibl">Od.23.312</span>; δυώδεκα λέξατο κούρους, π. Πατρόκλοιο <span class="bibl">Il.21.28</span>; πολέων δ' ἀπετίνυτο ποινήν <span class="bibl">16.398</span>; υἷος π. Γανυμήδεος <span class="bibl">5.266</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖς ἔνι π., ἔστ' ἐπὶ καὶ τῷ π</b>., <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>749</span>,<span class="bibl">755</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν ποινήν</b> <b class="b2">in return for</b> these things, <span class="bibl">Il. 17.207</span>; so also <b class="b3">ποινὴν τῆς Αἰσώπου ψυχῆς ἀνελέσθαι</b> accept <b class="b2">satisfaction for</b> A.'s life, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.134</span>; <b class="b3">ποινὴν τείσειν Ξέρξῃ τῶν κηρύκων τῶν ἀπολομένων</b> give Xerxes <b class="b2">satisfaction for</b> the death of the heralds, <span class="bibl">Id.7.134</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>543</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>564</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.4.11</span>; <b class="b3">ποινῆς εἵνεκα</b> by way of <b class="b2">penalty</b>, Epigr.Gr.356.3 (Hadriani): freq. in pl., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>270</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span> 464</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ποινὰς τεῖσαι</b> to pay <b class="b2">penalties</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.58</span>; τίνειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>112</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.1.11</span>; δοῦναι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>446</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">π. λαμβάνειν</b> exact <b class="b2">them</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 360</span>; τᾶς ὕβριος <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.98 (Epid.).—Rare in Prose, <b class="b3">δίκη</b> being the usual word. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> in good sense, <b class="b2">recompense, reward for</b> a thing, <b class="b3">τεθρίππων, καμάτων</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.59</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>1.70</span>; εὐχὰς ἀγαθὰς ἀγαθῶν ποινάς <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Supp.</span>626</span> (anap.); ποινὴν εὐσεβίης <span class="title">IG</span>14.1437. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">redemption, release</b>, π. τίς ἔσται πρὸς θεῶν; <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.63</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> personified, <b class="b2">the goddess of vengeance</b>, μᾶτερ, ἅ μ' ἔτικτες . . ἀλαοῖσι καὶ δεδορκόσι ποινάν <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Eu.</span>323</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>200</span> (lyr.): pl., <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.190</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.23.10.2</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> Astrol., name of a <b class="b3">κλῆρος</b>, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>5.15</span>; also of the sixth <b class="b3">τόπος</b>, Paul.Al.<span class="title">M.</span>1. (I.-E. <b class="b2">q[uglide]oi-nā</b>, cf. Avest. <b class="b2">kaēnā-</b> 'punishment', 'vengeance', Lith. <b class="b2">kaina</b>, Slav. <b class="b2">cèna</b> 'price', cogn. with <b class="b3">τίνω, τεῖ-σαι</b>.) </span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0651.png Seite 651]] ἡ (vgl. Pein, poena, nach der gew. Ableitung von φεν, [[φόνος]]), eigtl. Lösegeld für eine Blutschuld, womit man den Verwandten des Erschlagenen den Mord sühnt od. sich von sonst einem Verbrechen u. der dafür zu fürchtenden Rache loskauft, Rache wegen eines Getödteten, die ursprünglich in Gegenmord besteht, Blutrache; od. wegen einer andern Schuld; übh. Sühne, Ersatz, Genugthuung; c. gen. der Person, Τρωῒ Σεὺς δῶχ' υἷος ποινήν, Il. 5, 266, für den geraubten Ganymedes; ἐνείκεον [[εἵνεκα]] ποινῆς ἀνδρὸς ἀποφθιμένου, Il. 18, 498; [[τίς]] τε κασιγνήτοιο φονῆος ποινὴν ἢ οὗ παιδὸς ἐδέξατο τεθνηῶτος, 9, 633, es nimmt Einer auch für den erschlagenen Bruder od. Sohn das Blut- od. Lösegeld (u. steht von dem durch die Blutrache geforderten Tode des Mörders ab); so auch ποινὴ δ' [[οὔτις]] παιδὸς ἐγίγνετο τεθνηῶτος, 13, 659, vgl. 14, 483. 16, 398. 17, 207, u. sonst; io nimmt Achilles 12 Jünglinge, ποινὴν Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος, 21, 28, um sie zu tödten; [[Κύκλωψ]] ἀπετίσατο ποινὴν ἰφθίμων ἑτάρων, Od. 23, 312; Hes. O. 371. 377, ποινὰς ἔτισαν, Pind. Ol. 2, 64; δυσθρόου φωνᾶς [[ποινά]] τις πρὸς θεῶν, P. 4, 63, wo es »Befreiung« übersetzt werden kann; oft Tragg.; Soph. El. 554; ποινὰς δοὺς ἀντιπάλους, Eur. I. T. 446; Troad. 360; τοιάσδε ποινὰς ἀμπλακημάτων [[τίνω]], Aesch. Prom. 112; ποινὰ γὰρ ἐπέσται, Eum. 514; κακαῖσι ποιναῖς ταῖσδέ μ' ἐξημείψατο, Prom. 223, u. öfter; vgl. Eum. 236; auch in gutem Sinne, Belohnung, λέξωμεν ἐπ' Ἀργείοις εὐχὰς ἀγαθὰς ἀγαθῶν ποινάς, 621, wie Pind. κελαδῆσαι ποινὰν τεθρίππων, P. 1, 58; ποινὰν λαχόντ' ἐξαίρετον, N. 1, 70. – In Prosa : ἀνελέσθαι ποινὴν τῆς Αἰσώπου ψυχῆς, Buße nehmen für das Leben des Aesop, seinen Tod rächen, Her. 2, 134; ποινὴν τῖσαι Ξέρξῃ τῶν κηρύκων ἀπολομένων, die Sühne für den Mord der Herolde entrichten, 7, 134; selten im Attischen, τίνων ποινὰς ὧν ὑμᾶς ἐπεχείρησεν ἀ[[δικεῖν]] Xen. Cyr. 6, 1, 11, ἡ ποινὴ τῆς ἁμαρτίας εἰς ἡμᾶς ἀναχωρεῖ Antiph. 2 α 3; einzeln bei Sp., wie Plut. u. Luc. – Personificirt sind αἱ Ποιναί die Racheod. Strafgöttinnen, die wie die Erinnys und Dike begangene Frevel bestrafen. | |||
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