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|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">responsibility</b>, mostly in bad sense, <b class="b2">guilt, blame</b>, or the imputation thereof, i.e. <b class="b2">accusation</b>, first in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.35</span> and Hdt., v. infr. (Hom. uses <b class="b3">αἴτιος</b>):—Phrases: <b class="b3">αἰτίαν ἔχειν</b> bear <b class="b2">responsibility for</b>, τινός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>579</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1312</span>; but usu. <b class="b2">to be accused</b>, <b class="b3">τινός</b> <b class="b2">of</b> a crime, φόνου <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.70</span>: c. inf., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>506</span>; foll. by <b class="b3">ὡς . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>38c</span>; by <b class="b3">ὡς</b> c. part., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>249d</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπό τινος</b> <b class="b2">by</b> some one, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>99</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>565b</span>: reversely, αἰτία ἔχει τινά <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.70</span>,<span class="bibl">71</span>; αἰ. φεύγειν τινός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1404</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναι</b> or <b class="b3">γίγνεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>67</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.8.6</span>; <b class="b3">αἰτίαν ὑπέχειν</b> lie under <b class="b2">a charge</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>33b</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.16</span>; ὑπομεῖναι <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.139</span>; φέρεσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.2.60</span>; <b class="b3">λαβεῖν ἀπό τινος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">18</span>; αἰτίαις ἐνέχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>52a</span>; αἰτίαις περιπίπτειν <span class="bibl">Lys.7.1</span>; εἰς αἰτίαν ἐμπίπτειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>150a</span>; αἰτίας τυγχάνειν <span class="bibl">D.<span class="title">Ep.</span>2.2</span>; ἐκτὸς αἰτίας κυρεῖν <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pr.</span>332</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν αἰτίῃ ἔχειν</b> hold one <b class="b2">guilty</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.106</span>; δι' αἰτίας ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Th. 2.60</span>, etc.; ἐν αἰτίᾳ βάλλειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>656</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπιφέρειν τινί</b> impute <b class="b2">the fault</b> to one, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.26</span>; αἰτίαν νέμειν τινί <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>28</span>; ἐπάγειν <span class="bibl">D.18.283</span>; προσβάλλειν τινί <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.2.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνατιθέναι, προστιθέναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>21</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>640</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀπολύειν τινὰ τῆς αἰτίης</b> to acquit of <b class="b2">guilt</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.88</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in forensic oratory, <b class="b2">invective</b> without proof (opp. <b class="b3">ἔλεγχος</b>), <span class="bibl">D.22.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> in good sense, <b class="b3">εἰ . . εὖ πράξαιμεν, αἰτία θεοῦ</b> <b class="b2">the credit</b> is his, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>4</span>; <b class="b3">δι' ὅντινα αἰτίαν ἔχουσιν Ἀθηναῖοι βελτίους γεγονέναι</b> <b class="b2">are reputed</b> to have become better, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>503b</span>, cf. <span class="title">Alc.</span>1.119a, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>984b19</span>; <b class="b3">ὧν . . πέρι αἰτίαν ἔχεις διαφέρειν</b> in which you <b class="b2">are reputed</b> to excel, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>169a</span>; <b class="b3">οἳ . . ἔχουσι ταύτην τὴν αἰ</b>. who have this <b class="b2">reputation</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>435e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">And. 2.12</span>; αἰτίαν λαμβάνειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>624a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">expostulation</b>, μὴ ἐπ' ἔχθρᾳ τὸ πλέον ἢ αἰτίᾳ <span class="bibl">Th.1.69</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">cause</b>, δι' ἣν αἰτίην ἐπολέμησαν Hdt.<span class="title">Prooem.</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Democr.83</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>68e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>97a</span> sq., etc.; on the four causes of Arist. v. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>194b16</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>983a26</span>:—<b class="b3">αἰ. τοῦ γενέσθαι</b> or γεγονέναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>97a</span>; τοῦ μεγίστου ἀγαθοῦ τῇ πόλει αἰτία ἡ κοινωνία <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>464b</span>:—dat. <b class="b3">αἰτίᾳ</b> <b class="b2">for the sake of</b>, κοινοῦ τινος ἀγαθοῦ <span class="bibl">Th.4.87</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.H.8.29</span>:—<b class="b3">αἴτιον</b> (cf. αἴτιος <span class="bibl">11.2</span>) is used like [[αἰτία]] in the sense of <b class="b2">cause</b>, not in that of <b class="b2">accusation</b>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">occasion, motive</b>, <b class="b3">αἰτίαν ῥοαῖσι Μοισᾶν ἐνέβαλε</b> gave them <b class="b2">a the me</b> for song, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.11</span>; αἰτίαν παρέχειν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tyr.</span>13</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">head, category</b> under which a thing comes, <span class="bibl">D.23.75</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">case in dispute</b>, ἡ αἰ. τοῦ ἀνθρώπου μετὰ τῆς γυναικός <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>10.10</span>.</span> | |Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">responsibility</b>, mostly in bad sense, <b class="b2">guilt, blame</b>, or the imputation thereof, i.e. <b class="b2">accusation</b>, first in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.35</span> and Hdt., v. infr. (Hom. uses <b class="b3">αἴτιος</b>):—Phrases: <b class="b3">αἰτίαν ἔχειν</b> bear <b class="b2">responsibility for</b>, τινός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>579</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1312</span>; but usu. <b class="b2">to be accused</b>, <b class="b3">τινός</b> <b class="b2">of</b> a crime, φόνου <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.70</span>: c. inf., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>506</span>; foll. by <b class="b3">ὡς . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>38c</span>; by <b class="b3">ὡς</b> c. part., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>249d</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπό τινος</b> <b class="b2">by</b> some one, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>99</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>565b</span>: reversely, αἰτία ἔχει τινά <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.70</span>,<span class="bibl">71</span>; αἰ. φεύγειν τινός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1404</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναι</b> or <b class="b3">γίγνεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>67</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.8.6</span>; <b class="b3">αἰτίαν ὑπέχειν</b> lie under <b class="b2">a charge</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>33b</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.3.16</span>; ὑπομεῖναι <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.139</span>; φέρεσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.2.60</span>; <b class="b3">λαβεῖν ἀπό τινος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">18</span>; αἰτίαις ἐνέχεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>52a</span>; αἰτίαις περιπίπτειν <span class="bibl">Lys.7.1</span>; εἰς αἰτίαν ἐμπίπτειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>150a</span>; αἰτίας τυγχάνειν <span class="bibl">D.<span class="title">Ep.</span>2.2</span>; ἐκτὸς αἰτίας κυρεῖν <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pr.</span>332</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν αἰτίῃ ἔχειν</b> hold one <b class="b2">guilty</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.106</span>; δι' αἰτίας ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Th. 2.60</span>, etc.; ἐν αἰτίᾳ βάλλειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>656</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπιφέρειν τινί</b> impute <b class="b2">the fault</b> to one, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.26</span>; αἰτίαν νέμειν τινί <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>28</span>; ἐπάγειν <span class="bibl">D.18.283</span>; προσβάλλειν τινί <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.2.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνατιθέναι, προστιθέναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>21</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>640</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀπολύειν τινὰ τῆς αἰτίης</b> to acquit of <b class="b2">guilt</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.88</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in forensic oratory, <b class="b2">invective</b> without proof (opp. <b class="b3">ἔλεγχος</b>), <span class="bibl">D.22.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> in good sense, <b class="b3">εἰ . . εὖ πράξαιμεν, αἰτία θεοῦ</b> <b class="b2">the credit</b> is his, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>4</span>; <b class="b3">δι' ὅντινα αἰτίαν ἔχουσιν Ἀθηναῖοι βελτίους γεγονέναι</b> <b class="b2">are reputed</b> to have become better, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>503b</span>, cf. <span class="title">Alc.</span>1.119a, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>984b19</span>; <b class="b3">ὧν . . πέρι αἰτίαν ἔχεις διαφέρειν</b> in which you <b class="b2">are reputed</b> to excel, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>169a</span>; <b class="b3">οἳ . . ἔχουσι ταύτην τὴν αἰ</b>. who have this <b class="b2">reputation</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>435e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">And. 2.12</span>; αἰτίαν λαμβάνειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>624a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">expostulation</b>, μὴ ἐπ' ἔχθρᾳ τὸ πλέον ἢ αἰτίᾳ <span class="bibl">Th.1.69</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">cause</b>, δι' ἣν αἰτίην ἐπολέμησαν Hdt.<span class="title">Prooem.</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Democr.83</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>68e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>97a</span> sq., etc.; on the four causes of Arist. v. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>194b16</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>983a26</span>:—<b class="b3">αἰ. τοῦ γενέσθαι</b> or γεγονέναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>97a</span>; τοῦ μεγίστου ἀγαθοῦ τῇ πόλει αἰτία ἡ κοινωνία <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>464b</span>:—dat. <b class="b3">αἰτίᾳ</b> <b class="b2">for the sake of</b>, κοινοῦ τινος ἀγαθοῦ <span class="bibl">Th.4.87</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.H.8.29</span>:—<b class="b3">αἴτιον</b> (cf. αἴτιος <span class="bibl">11.2</span>) is used like [[αἰτία]] in the sense of <b class="b2">cause</b>, not in that of <b class="b2">accusation</b>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">occasion, motive</b>, <b class="b3">αἰτίαν ῥοαῖσι Μοισᾶν ἐνέβαλε</b> gave them <b class="b2">a the me</b> for song, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.11</span>; αἰτίαν παρέχειν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tyr.</span>13</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">head, category</b> under which a thing comes, <span class="bibl">D.23.75</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">case in dispute</b>, ἡ αἰ. τοῦ ἀνθρώπου μετὰ τῆς γυναικός <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>10.10</span>.</span> | ||
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|lstext='''αἰτία''': ἡ, ([[αἰτέω]]) = [[κατηγορία]], [[ψόγος]], [[μομφή]], Λατ. crimen, ἑπομ. τὸ [[σφάλμα]], ἡ [[ἐνοχή]], ἡ περιεχομένη ἐν τοιαύτῃ κατηγορίᾳ, πρῶτον παρὰ Πινδ. Ο. 1. 55, καὶ Ἡροδ. (ἀλλ’ ὁ Ὅμ. μεταχειρίζεται, [[αἴτιος]], [[ἀναίτιος]], καὶ [[αἰτιάομαι]] ἐπὶ τοιαύτης ἐννοίας): ― Φράσεις: αἰτίαν ἔχειν, Λατ. crimen habere, κατηγοροῦμαι, τινός, [[περί]] τινος πράγματος, Ἡρόδ. 5. 70, Αἰσχύλ. Εὐμ. 579· [[ὡσαύτως]] μετ’ ἀπαρεμφ. Ἀριστοφ. Σφῆκ. 506., ἑπομένου τοῦ ὡς…, Πλάτ. Ἀπολ. 38C., [[μετὰ]] μετοχῆς, ὁ αὐτ. Φαῖδρ. 249Ε· ὑπό τινος, Αἰσχύλ. Εὐμ. 99, Πλάτ. Πολ. 565Β· ― ἀντιστρόφως, [[αἰτία]] ἔχει με, Ἡρόδ. 5. 70, 71· [[ὡσαύτως]] αἰτίαν ἔχειν τινός, ἐκ μέρους προσώπου τινός, Σοφ. Ἀντ. 1312· αἰτ. φεύγειν τινός, ὁ αὐτ. 1404· ἐν αἰτίᾳ [[εἶναι]] ἢ γίγνεσθαι, Ἱππ. Ἄρθρ. 830, Ξεν. Κύρ. 5. 3, 18· αἰτίαν ὑπέχειν, εὑρίσκομαι, διατελῶ ὑπὸ κατηγορίαν, Πλάτ. Ἀπολ. 33Β, Ξεν. Κύρ. 6. 3, 16· ὑπομένειν, Αἰσχίν. 73. 24· φέρεσθαι, Θουκ. 2. 60· λαβεῖν ἀπό τινος, [[αὐτόθι]] 18· [[οὕτως]]: αἰτίαις ἐνέχεσθαι, Πλάτ. Κρίτων 52Α· αἰτίαις περιπίπτειν, Λυσ. 108. 21· εἰς αἰτίαν ἐμπίπτειν, Πλάτ. Θεαίτ. 150Α· αἰτίας τυγχάνειν, Δημ. 1467, 17· ἐκτὸς αἰτίας κυρεῖν, Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 330: ― ἀντιτίθενται τούτοις, ἐν αἰτίᾳ ἔχειν, θεωρῶ τινα ἔνοχον, κατηγορῶ, Ἡρόδ. 5. 106· δι’ αἰτίας ἔχειν, Θουκ. 1. 35, κτλ.· ἐν αἰτίᾳ βάλλειν, Σοφ. Ο. Τ. 655· τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπιφέρειν τινί, ἀποδίδω τὸ [[σφάλμα]] εἴς τινα, Ἡρόδ. 1. 26· αἰτίαν νέμειν τινί, Σοφ. Αἴ. 28· ἐπάγειν, Δημ. 320. 9· προσβάλλειν τινί, Ἀντιφῶν 121. 32· ἀνατιθέναι, προστιθέναι, κτλ. Ἀττ. ἀπολύειν τινὰ τῆς αἰτίας, ἀθῳῶ, Ρήτορ. ― 2) ἐπὶ καλῆς σημασίας: εἰ… εὖ πράξαιμεν, [[αἰτία]] θεοῦ, ὀφείλεται εἰς τὸν θεόν, «αὐτῷ ἡ [[δόξα]]», Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 4· δι’ ὅντινα αἰτίαν ἔχουσιν Ἀθηναῖοι βελτίους γεγονέναι, ἔχουσι τὴν ὑπόληψιν ὅτι, φημίζονται ὅτι ἔχουσι γείνῃ καλλίτεροι, Πλάτ. Γοργ. 503Β, πρβλ. Ἀλκ. Ι. 119Α· ὧν… πέρι αἰτίαν ἔχεις διαφέρειν, εἰς τὰ ὁποῖα ἔχεις τὴν φήμην ὅτι ὑπερέχεις, ὁ αὐτ. Θεαίτ. 169Α· οἵ… ἔχουσι ταύτην τὴν αἰτίαν, οἵτινες ἔχουσι τοῦτο τὸ χαρακτηριστικόν, ὁ αὐτ. Πολ. 435Ε, πρβλ. Νόμ. ἐν ἀρχ., Ἀριστ. Μεταφ. 1. 3. 17: ― πρβλ. [[αἰτιάομαι]], κατηγορέομαι. 3) [[μέμψις]], [[νουθέτημα]], [[παραίνεσις]], μὴ ἐπ’ ἔχθρᾳ τὸ πλέον ἢ αἰτίᾳ, Θουκ. 1. 69. ΙΙ. παρὰ Πλάτ. καὶ τοῖς φιλοσοφ. συγγραφεῦσιν, [[αἰτία]], Λατ. causa, Τίμ. 68Ε. Φαίδων 92Α, κἑξ. κτλ., περὶ τῶν τεσσάρων τοῦ Ἀριστοτέλ. αἰτιῶν ἴδε Φυσ. 2. 3, Μεταφ. 1, 3: ― [[αἰτία]] τοῦ γενέσθαι ἢ γεγονέναι, Πλάτ. Φαίδ. 97Α· τοῦ μεγίστου ἀγαθοῦ τῇ πόλει [[αἰτία]] ἡ [[κοινωνία]], ὁ αὐτ. Πολ. 464Β: ― δοτ. αἰτίᾳ, ὡς τὸ Λατ. causa, ἐξ αἰτίας, [[ἕνεκα]], [[χάριν]], κοινοῦ τινος ἀγαθοῦ, Θουκ. 4. 87, πρβλ. Δίωνα Κ. 8. 29. Τὰ πρῶτα ἴχνη ταύτης τῆς σημασίας εὕρηνται ἐν τῷ προοιμίῳ τοῦ Ἡροδότου, δι’ ἣν αἰτίην ἐπολέμησαν: ― αἴτιον (οὐδ. τοῦ [[αἴτιος]]), [[εἶναι]] ἐν χρήσει ἀκριβῶς [[ὅπως]] τὸ [[αἰτία]], [[ὅταν]] σημαίνῃ [[ἁπλῶς]] αἰτίαν, καὶ οὐχὶ κατηγορίαν. ΙΙΙ. [[περίστασις]], [[εὐκαιρία]]· αἰτίαν ῥοαῖσι Μοισᾶν ἐνέβαλε, ἔδωκεν εἰς αὐτὰς ὑπόθεσιν πρὸς ᾆσμα, Πινδ. Ν. 7. 16· αἰτίαν παρέχει, Λουκ. Τυραννόκ. 13. ΙV. τὸ κεφάλαιον κατηγορίας τινός, (λογ.) ὑφ’ ὃ πρᾶγμά τι ὑπάγεται, Δημ. 645. 11. (Ἡ [[λέξις]] δὲν δύναται νὰ μὴ ἔχῃ τὴν αὐτὴν ῥίζαν μετά τοῦ [[αἰτέω]], ἂν καὶ ἡ [[σχέσις]] τῶν ἐννοιῶν [[εἶναι]] [[ἀσαφής]]). | |||
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