firmus: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>firmus</b>: a, um, adj. Sanscr. dhar-, dharā-mi, [[hold]], [[support]]; Gr. θρᾶ-, θρή-σασθαι, to [[sit]] [[down]], [[θρῆνυς]], [[θρόνος]]>; cf.: frētus, frēnum,<br /><b>I</b> [[firm]] (in opp. to [[frail]], [[destructible]]), [[steadfast]], [[stable]], [[strong]], [[powerful]] (freq. and [[class]].; esp. in the trop. [[sense]]; syn.: [[constans]], [[stabilis]], [[solidus]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: nos fragili vastum ligno sulcavimus [[aequor]]: Quae tulit Aesoniden, firma [[carina]] fuit, Ov. P. 1, 4, 35: robora, Verg. A. 2, 481: [[arbor]], Ov. A. A. 2, 652: vincula, id. F. 1, 370: janua, i. e. [[shut]] [[fast]], id. Am. 2, 12, 3; cf. [[sera]], id. P. 1, 2, 24: [[solum]], Curt. 5, 1: firmioris testae murices, Plin. 9, 33, 52, § 102: sunt et Amineae vites, firmissima vina. Verg. G. 2, 97: [[firmo]] [[cibo]] [[pasta]] [[pecus]], strengthening, Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 2: firmius est [[triticum]] [[quam]] [[milium]]: id ipsum [[quam]] [[hordeum]]: ex tritico firmissima [[siligo]], Cels. 2, 18: effice ut valeas, et ut ad nos [[firmus]] ac [[valens]] [[quam]] [[primum]] venias, Cic. Fam. 16, 8, 1 and 2; cf.: mihi placebat, si firmior esses, etc., id. ib. 16, 5, 1: [[nondum]] [[satis]] [[firmo]] corpore, id. ib. 11, 27, 1: [[hinc]] remiges firmissimi, [[illinc]] [[inopia]] affectissimi, Vell. 2, 84, 2.—With dat.: [[area]] firma templis sustinendis, Liv. 2, 5, 4: [[testa]] in [[structura]] oneri ferendo firma, Vitr. 2, 8, 19: adversis, Tac. Agr. 35 fin.<br /><b>II</b> Trop., [[firm]] in [[strength]] or [[durability]], also in [[opinion]], [[affection]], etc., [[fast]], [[constant]], [[steadfast]], [[immovable]], [[powerful]], [[strong]], true, [[faithful]]: quae [[enim]] [[domus]] tam [[stabilis]], quae tam firma [[civitas]] est, quae non odiis et discidiis [[funditus]] possit everti? Cic. Lael. 7, 23: res publica firma [[atque]] robusta, id. Rep. 2, 1 fin.; cf.: [[civitas]] [[imprimis]] firma, Caes. B. G. 5, 54, 2: [[Trinobantes]] [[prope]] firmissima earum regionum [[civitas]], id. ib. 5, 20, 1; cf. also: [[Mutina]] firmissima et splendidissima [[colonia]], Cic. Phil. 5, 9, 24: [[tres]] potentissimi ac firmissimi populi, id. ib. 1, 3 fin.; and: evocatorum firma [[manus]], id. Fam. 15, 4, 3: [[Antonius]] ab equitatu [[firmus]] esse dicebatur, [[strong]] in [[cavalry]], Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 2.— With ad and acc.: [[satis]] [[firmus]] ad [[castra]] facienda, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, 1: Chrysippi [[consolatio]] ad veritatem firmissima est, Cic. Tusc. 3, 33, 79: [[exercitus]] [[satis]] [[firmus]] ad [[tantum]] [[bellum]], Liv. 23, 25, 6; cf.: cohortes [[minime]] firmae ad dimicandum, Caes. B. G. 7, 60, 2; Sall. H. 4, 62, 16.— With [[contra]]: [[Jugurtha]] [[nihil]] [[satis]] firmum [[contra]] Metellum putat, Sall. J. 80, 1.—With [[adversus]]: [[firmus]] [[adversus]] militarem largitionem, Tac. H. 2, 82: firmior [[adversus]] fortuita, id. ib. 4, 51: [[adversus]] convicia malosque rumores, Suet. Tib. 28.—Absol.: cum [[neque]] magnas copias [[neque]] firmas haberet, Nep. Eum. 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 8; Sall. J. 56, 2: concordi [[populo]] [[nihil]] esse immutabilius, [[nihil]] firmius, Cic. Rep. 1, 32: praesidia firmissima, id. Fin. 1, 10, 35: fundamenta defensionis firmissima, id. Cael. 2, 7: firmior [[fortuna]], id. Rep. 1, 17: [[constitutio]] Romuli, id. ib. 2, 31 (ap. Non. 526, 10): illud ratum, firmum, fixum fuisse vis, Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141: officii praecepta firma, stabilia, id. Off. 1, 2, 6; cf.: [[opinio]], firma et [[stabilis]], id. Brut. 30, 114: firma et [[constans]] [[assensio]], id. Ac. 1, 11, 42: ne in maximis [[quidem]] rebus [[quicquam]] [[adhuc]] inveni firmius, id. Or. 71, 237: spem firmissimam habere, id. Fam. 6, 5, 4; cf., transf.: firmior [[candidatus]], i. e. [[who]] has stronger, greater hopes of [[being]] elected, id. Att. 1, 1, 2: litterae, i. e. containing [[news]] [[that]] [[may]] be relied [[upon]], id. ib. 7, 25; cf. id. ib. 16, 5: senatum sua [[sponte]] [[bene]] firmum firmiorem vestra auctoritate fecistis, id. Phil. 6, 7, 18; cf.: vir in suscepta [[causa]] firmissimus, id. Mil. 33, 91: [[accusator]] [[firmus]] verusque, id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29; [[with]] this cf.: vir pro veritate firmissimus, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 19: sunt [[fortasse]] in [[sententia]] firmiores, id. Balb. 27, 61: [[firmus]] in hoc, Tib. 3, 2, 5: non [[firmus]] rectum defendis et [[haeres]], Hor. S. 2, 7, 26: [[firmus]] proposito, Vell. 2, 63 fin.; so, firmissimus irā, Ov. M. 7, 457: [[firmo]] id constantique [[animo]] facias [[licet]], Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 2: [[nunc]] [[opus]] pectore [[firmo]], Verg. A. 6, 261: firmi amici sunt (opp.: amici collabascunt), Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 16: firmi et stabiles et constantes (amici), Cic. Lael. 17, 62: ex infidelissimis sociis firmissimos reddere, id. Fam. 15, 4, 14: non [[brevis]] et suffragatoria, sed firma et perpetua [[amicitia]], Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 7, 26: firmissimae amicitiae, Quint. 1, 2, 20: [[fides]] firma nobis, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 6.—*<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Poet. [[with]] inf.: [[fundus]] nec [[vendibilis]] nec pascere [[firmus]], [[able]], [[capable]], Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 47. —Hence, adv., [[firmly]], [[steadily]], lastingly, [[powerfully]]; in [[two]] ([[equally]] [[common]]) forms: [[firme]] and firmĭter.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Form [[firme]], Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 24; id. Trin. 2, 2, 54: insistere, Suet. Calig. 26: [[firme]] graviterque aliquid comprehendere, Cic. Fin. 1, 21, 71; cf.: [[satis]] [[firme]] aliquid concipere [[animo]], id. ib. 2, 2, 6: continere [[multa]], Quint. 11, 2, 2: sustinere [[assensus]] suos, Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 31: [[graviter]] et [[firme]] respondere, Plin. Ep. 6, 13, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Form [[firmiter]]: [[firmiter]] hoc tuo [[sit]] pectore fixum, Lucil. ap. Non. 512, 20: [[nisi]] suffulcis [[firmiter]], Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 77: insistere, Caes. B. G. 4, 26, 1: in suo gradu collocari, Cic. Rep. 1, 45 fin.: stabilita matrimonia, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 512, 23 (Rep. 6, 2 ed. Mos.): promisisse, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2 111: meminisse, Gell. 13, 8, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Comp.: firmius durare, Plin. 35, 12, 46, § 165: firmius coire, Ov. H. 19, 67.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> Sup.: asseverare, Cic. Att. 10, 14 fin.: [[pulvinus]] [[quam]] firmissime statuatur, Vitr. 5, 12.