spondeo: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>spondĕo</b>: spŏpondi, [[sponsum]], 2 (<br /><b>I</b> perf. spepondi, Cic., Caes., and Val. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9, 12 sq.; Inscr. Orell. 4358; [[without]] redup. sponderat, Tert. Carm. adv. Mart. 3, 135; subj. sponsis = spoponderis, an [[ancient]] [[formula]] of [[prayer]] in Fest. p. 351 Müll.), v. a. [[akin]] [[with]] [[σπένδω]]>, to [[pour]] [[out]], = libare; cf. σπονδαί, [[league]].<br /><b>I</b> Jurid. and publicists' t. t.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In bargains, covenants, treaties, etc., to [[promise]] solemnly, to [[bind]], [[engage]], or [[pledge]] one's [[self]] ([[class]].; syn.: [[recipio]], [[stipulor]], [[promitto]]; cf.: [[vadimonium]] obire, vadari); according to the [[civil]] [[law]] in its [[original]] form, it [[was]] [[essential]] to a [[binding]] [[contract]] [[verbally]] made (verbis) [[that]] a [[proposition]] and its [[acceptance]] should be expressed by the [[question]] spondes? and the [[answer]] [[spondeo]]; and [[only]] at a [[later]] [[period]] [[was]] the [[use]] of [[promitto]], etc., [[valid]] (v. Sandars, Introd. ad Just. Inst. p. LV): verbis [[obligatio]] [[fit]] ex interrogatione et responsione, [[velut]], Dari spondes? Spondeo. Dabis? Dabo. Promittis? Promitto; sed haec [[quidem]] verborum [[obligatio]]: dari spondes? [[spondeo]], propria civium Romanorum est, [[cetera]] [[vero]] juris gentium sunt, Gai. Inst. 3, 91 sq.; Dig. 45, 1, 126; 45, 1, 133; cf. the [[whole]] [[title]], ib. 45, 1: De verborum obligationibus: He. Aeternum [[tibi]] dapinabo victum, si vera autumas ... Er. Sponden' tu istut? He. Spondeo, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 118: qui [[stulte]] spondet, [[Cato]] ap. Rufin. 18, p. 210: [[quis]] [[stipulatus]] est? Ubi? Quo [[die]]? Quis spopondisse me dicit? Nemo, Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 13: ut [[aliquando]] spondere se diceret, id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142: si [[quis]] [[quod]] spopondit, quā in re verbo se obligavit uno, si id non facit, etc., id. Caecin. 3, 7: faeneris, [[quod]] stipulanti spoponderam [[tibi]], reliquam pensiunculam percipe, Col. 10 praef.: ego meā [[fide]] [[spondeo]] futurum ut omnia invenias, etc., Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 10.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> To [[promise]] for [[another]], to [[become]] [[security]] for a [[person]], to [[enter]] [[bail]], etc.: [[quod]] multis [[benigne]] fecerit, pro multis spoponderit, has [[become]] [[security]], Cic. Planc. 19, 47: sed [[tamen]] scire velim [[quando]] dicar spopondisse et pro patre [[anne]] pro filio, id. Att. 12, 14, 2: [[quod]] pro Cornificio me [[abhinc]] annis XXV. spopondisse dicit [[Flavius]], id. ib. 12, 17: et se [[quisque]] paratum ad spondendum Icilio ostendere, Liv. 3, 46, 7: [[sponsum]] diceres advocasse, Cic. Fragm. Clod. et Cur. 3, 4, p. 29 B. and K.: hic [[sponsum]] vocat, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 67: [[sponsum]] descendam, [[quia]] promisi, Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 2. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf., of promises or pledges made in [[behalf]] of a [[government]], etc.: non foedere pax Caudina, sed per sponsionem facta est ... Spoponderunt consules, legati, quaestores, tribuni militum, Liv. 9, 5, 4: [[quod]] spondendo pacem servassent exercitum, id. 9, 8, 15: [[quid]] [[tandem]] si spopondissemus urbem hanc relicturum populum Romanum? id. 9, 9, 6: ea [[demum]] [[sponsio]] esset, [[quam]] populi jussu spopondissemus, id. 9, 9, 13: hosti [[nihil]] spopondistis, civem neminem spondere pro [[vobis]] jussistis, id. 9, 9, 16.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Esp., to [[promise]] or [[engage]] in [[marriage]], [[betroth]]: qui uxorem ducturus erat ab eo [[unde]] ducenda erat, stipulabatur eam in [[matrimonium]] ductam iri; qui daturus erat [[itidem]] spondebat. Tum quae promissa erat [[sponsa]] appellabatur, qui spoponderat ducturum, [[sponsus]], Sulp. Dot. ap. Gell. 4, 4, 2: Ly. Istac lege filiam tuam sponden' mihi uxorem dari? Ch. Spondeo. Ca. Et ego [[spondeo]] [[idem]] hoc, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 38 sq.; 2, 4, 172: Me. Etiam mihi despondes filiam? Eu. Illis legibus, Cum illā [[dote]] [[quam]] [[tibi]] dixi. Me. Sponden' [[ergo]]? Eu. Spondeo, id. Aul. 2, 2, 78: Ph. Spondesne, [[miles]], mi hanc uxorem? Th. Spondeo. Ph. Et ego huic victum [[spondeo]], id. Curc. 5, 2, 73 sq.: sponden tu [[ergo]] tuam gnatam uxorem mihi? Ch. Spondeo et [[mille]] auri Philippum dotis, id. Trin. 5, 2, 34.—Hence, of women, alicui sponsam esse, to be betrothed, [[engaged]] to a [[man]]: si [[volt]] [[Demipho]] Dare [[quantum]] ab hac [[accipio]], quae [[sponsa]] est mihi, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 52: scis, sponsam mihi (esse)? id. Eun. 5, 9 (8), 6; Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 101 sq.; 2, 4, 172; 2, 4, 174; id. Poen. 5, 3, 43.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> = sponsionem facere (v. [[sponsio]], II.), to [[lay]] a [[judicial]] [[wager]], to [[enter]] [[into]] an [[agreement]] to [[pay]] [[contingent]] on the [[truth]] or [[falsity]] of an [[assertion]]: si hoc ita est, qui spondet [[mille]] nummūm? P. Afric. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 11, 9.— So, absol.: cum [[illi]] jacenti latera tunderentur, ut [[aliquando]] spondere se diceret, should [[declare]] [[that]] he made the required [[wager]], Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (cf. [[sponsum]], P. a. fin. [[infra]]); Dig. 11, 5, 3.—<br /><b>II</b> In gen., to [[promise]] sacredly, to [[warrant]], [[vow]] ([[class]].).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With fut. inf.: [[promitto]], [[recipio]], [[spondeo]], C. Caesarem talem [[semper]] [[fore]] civem, [[qualis]] [[hodie]] [[sit]], Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 51: ut (eum) inimicissimum huic conjurationi futurum esse, promittam et spondeam, id. Mur. 41, 90: et [[ipse]] [[spondeo]] et omnes hoc [[tibi]] tui pro me [[recipient]], te fructum esse capturum, etc., id. Fam. 13, 50, 2: [[quis]] est qui spondeat eundum, si differtur [[bellum]], animum [[postea]] [[fore]], Liv. 5, 5, 9: quae si perpetua [[concordia]] [[sit]], [[quis]] non spondere ausit, maximum hoc [[imperium]] brevi futurum esse? id. 5, 3, 10: spondebant animis id ([[bellum]]) P. Cornelium finiturum, [[with]] [[full]] [[conviction]], id. 28, 38, 9; cf. id. 3, 59, 3: sponde [[affore]] reges, Val. Fl. 3, 504.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With inf. pres., to [[warrant]], [[give]] [[assurance]] of an existing [[fact]]: spondebo [[enim]] [[tibi]], vel [[potius]] [[spondeo]] in meque [[recipio]], eos esse M'. [[Curii]] [[mores]], Cic. Fam. 13, 17, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With acc. of [[thing]] (and [[often]] dat. pers.): quibus cum consulem suum reliquissent, honores et praemia spopondistis, Cic. Phil. 5, 11, 28: mihi [[sex]] menses sati' sunt vitae, [[septimum]] Orco [[spondeo]], Poët. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 22: ea spondent, confirmant, quae, [[quidem]] mihi exploratiora essent, si remansissem, Cic Att. 11, 6, 3: [[quod]] ego non [[modo]] de me [[tibi]] spondere [[possum]], sed de te [[etiam]] mihi, id. Fam. 15, 21, 1: ac de infante (Tiberio) [[Scribonius]] [[mathematicus]] praeclara spopondit, Suet. Tib. 14: [[tantum]] sibi vel de viribus suis, vel de fortunā spondentes, Just. 3, 4, 1; Amm. 24, 1, 8: illius et dites monitis spondentibus [[Indi]], Val. Fl. 6, 117: non si mihi [[Juppiter]] [[auctor]] Spondeat, hoc sperem Italiam contingere [[caelo]], Verg. A. 5, 18: spondere fidem, Ov. M. 10, 395: [[officium]] Amori, id. ib. 10, 418.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf., of inanim. or [[abstract]] subjects ([[mostly]] [[poet]]. and [[post]]-Aug.): nec [[quicquam]] placidum spondentia Martis Sidera presserunt, Ov. Ib. 217: [[quod]] [[prope]] diem futurum spondet et [[virtus]] et [[fortuna]] vestra, Liv. 7, 30, 8: eorum hominum erat, qui, [[quantum]] [[spes]] spopondisset, cuperent, ni, etc., id. 45, 19, 7: magna de [[illo]] (Philippo) [[spes]] fuit [[propter]] ipsius [[ingenium]], [[quod]] magnum spondebat virum, Just. 7, 6, 1.— Hence, [[sponsus]], a, um, P. a., promised, [[engaged]], betrothed, affianced; substt,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> [[sponsus]], i, m., a betrothed [[man]], a [[bridegroom]]: [[virgo]] Sponso superba, Titin. ap. Non. 305, 5: [[accede]] ad [[sponsum]] [[audacter]], id. ib. 227, 15; Cic. Inv. 2, 26, 78: [[sponsus]] [[regius]], Hor. C. 3, 2, 10.—Poet., of [[Penelope]]'s suitors, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 28.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> spon-sa, ae, f., a betrothed [[woman]], a [[bride]]: [[scio]] [[equidem]], sponsam [[tibi]] esse et filium ex sponsā tuā, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 12; Ter. And. 2, 1, 24: [[flebilis]] [[sponsa]], Hor. C. 4, 2, 21 et saep.—Prov.: suam cuique sponsam, mihi meam, i. e. [[every]] one to his [[taste]], Atil. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> [[sponsum]], i, n., a [[covenant]], [[agreement]], [[engagement]]: [[sponsum]] negare, to [[break]] or [[disown]] one's [[pledge]], Hor. S. 1, 3, 95: [[sponsus]] [[contra]] [[sponsum]] [[rogatus]], Varr. L. L. 7, § 107 Müll.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp., a [[judicial]] [[wager]] (cf. [[sponsio]], II.): ex [[sponso]] egit, Cic. Quint. 9, 32.