sponte: Difference between revisions

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|lshtext=<b>sponte</b>: abl., and [[spontis]],<br /><b>I</b> gen. (perh. the [[only]] cases in [[use]] of a [[noun]] [[spons]], [[assumed]] by [[Charis]]. p. 34 P., and Aus. Idyll. 12, 8, 11, as nom. But ad spontem is Müller's [[reading]], Varr. L. L. 6, 7, 72, for a [[sponte]]), f. [[spondeo]]; [[prop]]. a pledging of one's [[self]] to a [[thing]]; [[hence]], opp. to [[external]] [[necessity]] or [[inducement]], of [[free]] [[will]], of one's [[own]] [[accord]].<br /><b>I</b> Sponte, in [[good]] [[prose]] [[always]] joined [[with]] meā, tuā, suā ([[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]; also absol. or [[with]] gen.), of [[free]] [[will]], of one's [[own]] [[accord]], of one's [[self]], [[freely]], [[willingly]], [[voluntarily]], [[spontaneously]] (syn. [[ultro]]): [[sponte]] valet a voluntate, Varr. L. L. 6, § 69 Müll.: si imprudenter aut [[necessitate]] aut casu [[quippiam]] fecerit, [[quod]] non concederetur iis, qui suā [[sponte]] et voluntate fecissent, Cic. Part. Or. 37, 131: tuo judicio et tuā [[sponte]] facere, id. Fam. 9, 14, 2; cf.: Galliam totam hortatur ad [[bellum]], ipsam suā [[sponte]] suoque judicio excitatam, id. Phil. 4, 3, 8: [[potius]] consuefacere filium, Suā [[sponte]] recte facere [[quam]] [[alieno]] metu, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 50: si hic non insanit [[satis]] suā [[sponte]], instiga, id. And. 4, 2, 9: ut id suā [[sponte]] facerent, [[quod]] cogerentur facere legibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3: meā [[sponte]] (opp. invitatu tuo), id. Fam. 7, 5, 2: meā [[sponte]] (opp. monente et denuntiante te), id. ib. 4, 3, 1: non [[solum]] a me provocatus, sed [[etiam]] suā [[sponte]], id. ib. 1, 7, 3: transisse Rhenum [[sese]] non suā [[sponte]], sed rogatum et arcessitum a Gallis, Caes. B. G. 1, 44: et suā [[sponte]] multi in disciplinam conveniunt et a parentibus propinquisque mittuntur, id. ib. 6, 14: [[sive]] [[ipse]] [[sponte]] suā, [[sive]] senatusconsulto [[accitus]], Liv. 10, 25, 12: [[quaesitum]] est, praecipitata esset ab eo [[uxor]], an se ipsa suā [[sponte]] jecisset, Quint. 7, 2, 24: [[gaudeo]] id te mihi suadere, [[quod]] ego meā [[sponte]] [[pridie]] feceram, Cic. Att. 15, 27: [[sponte]] ipsam suāpte adductam, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 69 Müll.: me si fata meis paterentur ducere vitam Auspiciis et [[sponte]] meā componere curas, Verg. A. 4, 341: [[interim]] [[sponte]] nostrā [[velut]] donantes, Quint. 3, 6, 8.—Sometimes propriā for suā ([[late]] Lat.): [[sponte]] se propriā dederunt, Amm. 17, 2, 3: Richomeres se [[sponte]] obtulit propriā, id. 31, 12, 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Absol.: Italiam non [[sponte]] [[sequor]], Verg. A. 4, 361: [[sponte]] properant, Ov. M. 11, 486: [[odio]] tyrannidis [[exsul]] Sponte erat, id. ib. 15, 62: [[sponte]] en ultroque [[peremptus]], Stat. Th. 10, 809; cf.: [[multitudo]] [[sponte]] et [[ultro]] [[confluens]], Suet. Caes. 16: nec illum [[sponte]] exstinctum, Tac. A. 3, 16: [[sponte]] judicioque plaudere, Quint. 8, 3, 4: [[opto]] ut ea potissimum jubear, quae me deceat vel [[sponte]] fecisse, Plin. Ep. 6, 29, 11: equites Romani natalem ejus [[sponte]] [[atque]] consensu biduo [[semper]] celebrarunt, Suet. Aug. 57.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With gen.: [[sponte]] deūm, according to the [[will]] of the gods, Luc. 1, 234 Cort.: [[sponte]] ducum, id. 1, 99: [[sponte]] deorum, id. 5, 136; Val. Fl. 4, 358: naturae, Plin. 7, prooem. 1, § 4; 9, 51, 74, § 160; 11, 49, 110, § 263; 14, 4, 6, § 53; Sil. 14, 153: principis, Tac. A. 2, 59: Caesaris, id. ib. 6, 31: praefecti, id. ib. 4, 7: incolarum, id. ib. 4, 51: litigatoris, id. ib. 13, 42; 7, 51; id. H. 4, 19; Curt. 4, 1, 16.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Very [[rarely]] [[with]] a prep.: de tuā [[sponte]], [[Cotta]] ap. [[Charis]]. p. 195 P.: a [[sponte]], Varr. L. L. 6, § 69 Müll.; cf. § 71 sqq. ib.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf., of one's [[own]] [[will]] or [[agency]] (opp. to [[foreign]] [[participation]] or [[assistance]]), by one's [[self]], [[without]] the [[aid]] of others, [[alone]] ([[rare]] [[but]] [[class]].): [[nequeo]] Pedibus meā [[sponte]] ambulare, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 46: nec suā [[sponte]], sed eorum [[auxilio]], Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3: cum oppidani [[autem]] [[etiam]] suā [[sponte]] Caesarem recipere conarentur, Caes. B. C. 3, 11 fin.: his cum suā [[sponte]] persuadere non possent, legatos ad Dumnorigem mittunt, ut eo deprecatore a Sequanis impetrarent, id. B. G. 1, 9: civitatem ignobilem [[atque]] humilem Eburonum suā [[sponte]] [[populo]] Romano [[bellum]] facere ausam, vix erat credendum, id. ib. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 65: judicium [[quod]] [[Verres]] suā [[sponte]] instituisset, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 43, § 111: cum [[illa]] [[civitas]] cum Poenis suo nomine ac suā [[sponte]] bellaret, id. ib. 2, 4, 33, § 72: [[ecquis]] Volcatio si suā [[sponte]] venisset, unam libellam dedisset? id. ib. 2, 2, 10, § 26.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of things concr. and abstr., of itself, [[spontaneously]]: is [[autem]] [[ardor]] non [[alieno]] impulsu sed suā [[sponte]] movetur, etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32: ut cum suā [[sponte]] nullā adhibitā vi, [[consumptus]] [[ignis]] exstinguitur, id. Sen. 19, 71: [[natura]] videtur Ipsa suā per se [[sponte]] omnia dis agere [[expers]], Lucr. 2, 1092: aliae (arbores) nullis hominum cogentibus ipsae Sponte suā veniunt, Verg. G. 2, 11; cf.: stellae [[sponte]] suā jussaene vagentur et errent, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 17: sapientem suā [[sponte]] ac per se [[bonitas]] et justitia delectat, Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26: res quae suā [[sponte]] scelerata est, id. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 108; id. Or. 32, 115: justitium in [[foro]] suā [[sponte]] [[coeptum]] [[prius]] [[quam]] indictum, Liv. 9, 7, 8: [[clamor]] suā [[sponte]] [[ortus]], id. 9, 41, 17: id suā [[sponte]] ap parebat, id. 22, 38, 13: de capite [[signum]] in manum [[sponte]] suā delapsum, id. 27, 11, 3 ex [[loco]] superiore, qui [[prope]] suā [[sponte]] in hostem inferebat, id. 5, 43, 3: [[quod]] [[terra]] crearat Sponte suā, Lucr. 5, 938: [[sponte]] suā quae fiunt aëre in ipso, id. 4, 738: ut vera et falsa suā [[sponte]], non alienā judicantur, Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 45: te Sponte suā [[probitas]] officiumque juvat, Ov. P. 2, 3, 34: [[sponte]] deae [[munus]] promeritumque patet (i. e. [[sine]] indice), id. F. 4, 394.—Very [[rarely]] [[with]] quādam: litterae syllabaeque ... orationem [[sponte]] quādam sequantur, Quint 5, 10, 125. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Absol.: ut numeri [[sponte]] fluxisse videantur, Quint. 9, 4, 147.—<br /><b>II</b> [[spontis]], [[only]] in the [[phrase]] suae [[spontis]] (esse).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> To be one's [[own]] [[master]], at one's [[own]] [[disposal]] ([[very]] [[rare]] and [[mostly]] [[post]]-Aug.; not in Cic. or Cæs.): [[quod]] suae [[spontis]] statuerant finem, Varr. L. L. 6, § 71 Müll.: [[sanus]] [[homo]], qui suae [[spontis]] est, nullis obligare se legibus debet, Cels. 1, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In [[Columella]], of things, = suā [[sponte]], of itself, [[spontaneously]]: altera ([[cytisus]] est) suae [[spontis]], springs up [[spontaneously]], Col. 9, 4, 2: ubi loci [[natura]] [[neque]] manu illatam [[neque]] suae [[spontis]] aquam ministrari patitur, id. 11, 3, 10.

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