fortis: Difference between revisions

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|lshtext=<b>fortis</b>: (archaic form FORCTIS, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Fest. s. v. sanates, p. 348 Müll.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 84; and perh. also in the form FORCTUS; v. id. s. v. [[horctum]], p. 102; cf. Müll. ad Fest. p. 320, b), e, adj. Sanscr. dhar-; v. [[forma]], [[firmus]],<br /><b>I</b> [[strong]], [[powerful]].<br /><b>I</b> Physically ([[rare]]; syn.: [[firmus]], [[strenuus]], [[incolumis]], [[animosus]]): ecquid [[fortis]] visa est ([[mulier]]), [[powerful]], Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 13: [[set]] [[Bacchis]] [[etiam]] [[fortis]] [[tibi]] vissast? id. Bacch. 2, 2, 38: [[sicut]] [[fortis]] [[equus]], spatio qui [[saepe]] [[supremo]] Vicit [[Olympia]], [[nunc]] [[senio]] [[confectus]] quiescit, a [[powerful]] [[horse]], Enn. ap. Cic. de Sen. 5, 14 (Ann. v. 441 ed. Vahl.); so, [[equus]], Lucr. 3, 8; 764; 4, 987; Verg. A. 11, 705.—Poet. transf.: aquarum, Lucr. 6, 530: terrae pingue [[solum]] ... Fortes invortant tauri, Verg. G. 1, 65: contingat [[modo]] te filiamque tuam fortes invenire, i. e. [[hearty]], [[well]], Plin. Ep. 4, 1 fin.; 4, 21, 4; 6, 4, 3: antecedebat [[testudo]] [[pedum]] LX., facta [[item]] ex fortissimis lignis, Caes. B. C. 2, 2, 4; so, ligna fortissima, Veg. 1, 24 fin.: invalidissimum urso [[caput]], [[quod]] leoni fortissimum, Plin. 8, 36, 54, § 130: fortiores stomachi, id. 32, 7, 26, § 80: plantae fortiores fient, Pall. Febr. 24, 7: fortiorem illum (pontem) tueri, Auct. B. Alex. 19, 2: [[castra]], Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72: aratra, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 10: fortiora remedia, Tac. A. 1, 29: humeri, Val. Fl. 1, 434: vincula, Sen. Hippol. 34: sol ([[with]] [[medius]]), [[powerful]], i. e. [[fierce]], [[hot]], id. Med. 588: fortiora ad hiemes frumenta, legumina in [[cibo]], Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 60: (vites) [[contra]] pruinas fortissimae, id. 14, 2, 4, § 23.—<br /><b>II</b> Mentally, [[strong]], [[powerful]], [[vigorous]], [[firm]], [[steadfast]], [[stout]], [[courageous]], [[brave]], [[manly]], etc., [[answering]] to the Gr. [[ἀνδρεῖος]] ([[very]] freq. in all periods and sorts of [[composition]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Of [[human]] beings: [[fortis]] et constantis est, non perturbari in rebus asperis nec tumultuantem de gradu deici, ut dicitur; sed praesenti [[animo]] uti et consilio, nec a ratione discedere, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80: [[temperantia]] libidinem (aspernatur), ignaviam [[fortitudo]]: [[itaque]] videas rebus injustis justos [[maxime]] dolere, imbellibus fortes, id. Lael. 13, 47: gladiatores fortes et animosos et se [[acriter]] ipsos morti offerentes servare cupimus, id. Mil. 34, 92: rebus angustis [[animosus]] [[atque]] Fortis appare, Hor. C. 2, 10, 22: viri fortes et magnanimi, Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63: vir [[fortis]] et acris animi magnique, id. Sest. 20, 45: boni et fortes et magno [[animo]] praediti, id. Rep. 1, 5; 1, 3: sapientissimi et fortissimi, id. ib. 2, 34: vir [[liber]] ac [[fortis]], id. ib. 2, 19: horum omnium fortissimi sunt [[Belgae]], Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 3: fortissimus vir, id. ib. 2, 25, 1; 2, 33, 4; 3, 20, 2: hunc [[liberta]] securi Divisit [[medium]], fortissima Tyndaridarum, Hor. S. 1, 1, 100: vis recte vivere? [[quis]] non? Si [[virtus]] hoc una potest [[dare]], [[fortis]] omissis Hoc [[age]] deliciis, id. Ep 1, 6, 30: seu [[quis]] capit acria [[fortis]] Pocula, id. S. 2, 6, 69: cavit, ne [[umquam]] infamiae ea res sibi esset, ut virum fortem [[decet]], an honorable or [[worthy]] [[man]], Ter. And. 2, 6, 13; cf.: FORCTIS [[frugi]] et [[bonus]], [[sive]] [[validus]], Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.; and: HORCTUM et FORCTUM pro bono dicebant, id. p. 102: ego hoc [[nequeo]] mirari [[satis]], Eum sororem despondisse suam in tam fortem familiam ... Familiam optimam occupavit, so [[respectable]], honorable a [[family]], Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 9; (cf. [[bonus]]): vir ad pericula [[fortis]], Cic. Font. 15, 33: [[nondum]] erant tam fortes ad sanguinem civilem, Liv. 7, 40, 2: vir [[contra]] audaciam fortissimus, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85: vidi in dolore podagrae hospitem [[meum]] fortiorem, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 527, 33: [[imperator]] in proeliis [[strenuus]] et [[fortis]], Quint. 12, 3, 5: virum fortem ac strenuum [[scio]] dixisse, etc., Sall. C. 51, 16: si fortes fueritis in eo, quem [[nemo]] [[sit]] [[ausus]] defendere, if [[you]] had proceeded [[with]] [[vigor]], [[energy]], Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 3.—Poet., [[with]] dat.: fugacibus, Ov. M. 10, 543; and [[with]] inf.: [[fortis]] et asperas Tractare serpentes, Hor. C. 1, 37, 26: contemnere honores, id. S. 2, 7, 86: [[aurum]] spernere fortior Quam cogere, id. C. 3, 3, 50; Stat. Th. 10, 906.—Prov.: fortes [[fortuna]] adjuvat, [[fortune]] favors the [[brave]], Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 26; cf.: fortes [[enim]] non [[modo]] [[fortuna]] adjuvat, ut est in vetere proverbio, sed [[multo]] [[magis]] [[ratio]], Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11: audendum est; fortes adjuvat ipsa [[Venus]], Tib. 1, 2, 16: fortibus est [[fortuna]] viris [[data]], Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 262 ed. Vahl.; for [[which]]: audentes [[fortuna]] iuvat, Verg. A. 10, 284; and: audentes [[deus]] [[ipse]] juvat, Ov. M. 10, 586); cf. also elliptically: [[sedulo]], [[inquam]], faciam: sed [[fortuna]] fortes; [[quare]] conare, [[quaeso]], Cic. Fin. 3, 4, 16; id. Fam. 7, 25.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Of animals ([[rare]]): fortes ad [[opera]] boves, Col. 6, 1, 2: bestiae et fortiora animalia, Lact. 6, 10, 13.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Of inanim. and abstr. things: ex quo [[fit]], ut animosior [[senectus]] [[sit]] [[quam]] adolescentia et fortior, Cic. de Sen. 22, 72: fortibus oculis, [[with]] eyes [[sparkling]] [[with]] [[courage]], id. Att. 15, 11, 1: fortissimo et maximo [[animo]] ferre, id. Fam. 6, 13 fin.: [[animus]], Hor. S. 2, 5, 20: [[pectus]], id. Epod. 1, 14; id. S. 2, 2, 136: fortissimo quodam animi impetu, Cic. de Or. 3, 8, 31: acerrima et fortissima populi Romani libertatis recuperandae [[cupiditas]], id. Phil. 12, 3, 7: in re publica [[forte]] [[factum]], id. Att. 8, 14, 2: ut nullum [[paulo]] fortius [[factum]] latere posset, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 8: fortia facta, Sall. C. 59, 6; id. J. 53, 8; Liv. 26, 39, 3; Curt. 7, 2, 38: [[opera]], [[service]], Liv. 40, 36, 11: consilia, id. 9, 11, 4; 25, 31, 6; Cic. Sest. 23, 57; Tac. H. 3, 67: solatia, id. A. 4, 8: nulla poterat esse fortior [[contra]] dolorem et mortem [[disciplina]], Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41: acerrimae ac fortissimae sententiae, id. Cat. 3, 6, 13: [[oratio]] [[fortis]] et [[virilis]], id. de Or. 1, 54, 231; cf.: [[genus]] dicendi [[forte]], [[vehemens]], id. ib. 3, 9, 32: non [[semper]] [[fortis]] [[oratio]] quaeritur, sed [[saepe]] placida, summissa, [[lenis]], id. ib. 2, 43, 183: placidis miscentem fortia dictis, Ov. M. 4, 652: verba, Prop. 1, 5, 14.—Hence, adv.: fortĭter.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Acc. to I.) Strongly, [[powerfully]], [[vigorously]] ([[rare]]): astringere, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 25: verberare virgis uvas, Pall. Oct. 19.—Comp.: sublatis fortius manibus, Petr. 9: fortius attrahere [[lora]], Ov. R. Am. 398: ardere, id. M. 6, 708.—Sup.: fortissime urgentes, Plin. 9, 8, 9, § 32: rigorem fortissime servat [[ulmus]], id. 16, 40, 77, § 210. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (Acc. to II.) Strongly, [[powerfully]], [[boldly]], [[intrepidly]], [[valiantly]], [[bravely]], [[manfully]] ([[very]] freq. in all periods and kinds of [[composition]]): quae (vincla, verbera, etc.) tulisse illum [[fortiter]] et [[patienter]] ferunt, Cic. Phil. 11, 3, 7; cf.: [[fortiter]] et [[sapienter]] ferre, id. Att. 14, 13, 3: [[fortiter]] excellenterque [[gesta]], id. Off. 1, 18, 61: facere [[quippiam]] ([[with]] [[animose]]), id. Phil. 4, 2, 6: repudiare aliquid ([[with]] [[constanter]]), id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41: [[bellum]] gerere, id. Fl. 39, 98; cf.: sustinere impetum hostium, Caes. B. G. 2, 11, 4: perire, Hor. S. 2, 3, 42: absumptis rebus maternis [[atque]] paternis, [[manfully]] made [[away]] [[with]], id. Ep. 1, 15, 27.—Comp.: pugnare, Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 2: evellere spinas [[animo]] an agro, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 4: et [[melius]] secat res, id. S. 1, 10, 15.—Sup.: [[Dolabella]] injuriam facere fortissime perseverat, Cic. Quint. 8, 31: restitit hosti, Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 5.

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