senator: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>sĕnātor</b>: ōris, m. [[senex]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[senator]], a [[member]] of the Roman Senate, a [[body]] consisting [[originally]] of one [[hundred]] [[eminent]] citizens, selected by [[Romulus]] for [[their]] [[age]], [[wisdom]], and [[experience]], [[out]] of the noblest families, to be his [[council]] in the [[government]]. When the [[Sabines]] were incorporated [[with]] [[Rome]], the [[number]] [[was]] doubled; and Tarquin the Elder [[raised]] it to [[three]] [[hundred]]; [[Sulla]] to [[four]] [[hundred]]; [[Julius]] Cæsar to [[nine]] [[hundred]], [[while]] [[Augustus]] reduced it to [[six]] [[hundred]]. Originally, patricians [[alone]] were [[eligible]] to seats in the Senate; [[but]] [[later]] additions were made from the Knights (v. [[senatus]]). The senators were nominated by the kings; and, [[after]] [[they]] were [[expelled]], by the consuls and dictators. Later, the censors revised the [[roll]] of senators [[every]] [[lustrum]], excluding members regarded as [[unworthy]]. (On the powers of the Senate, the privileges, [[dress]], etc., of its members, v. Dict. of Antiq. s. v. Senatus.) —Sing.: huic (senatori) jussa tria sunt: ut assit, etc., Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 40; id. de Or. 1, 2 fin.; 1, 49, 215; id. Clu. 47, 132; 56, 154; Quint. 11, 1, 36; 11, 1, 43; Hor. S. 1, 6, 77; 1, 6, 110 al.—Plur., Cic. Sen. 16, 56; Caes. B. C. 1, 17; Liv. 36, 3 al.—Out of [[Rome]], of the [[Nervii]], Caes. B. G. 2, 28.—Of the Rhodians, Cic. Rep. 3, 35, 48.—Of the Macedonians ( = σὐνεδροι), Liv. 45, 32 et saep.— Of the Persians, Vulg. Dan. 6, 7.

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