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πνεῦμα: Difference between revisions
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|astxt=[[πνεῦμα]], -τος, τό, [in LXX chiefly and very freq. for רוּחַ;] <br /><b class="num">1.</b>of air in motion;<br /><b class="num">(a)</b>wind: Jo 3:8; pl., He 1:7 (LXX); <br /><b class="num">(b)</b>breath: π. ζωῆς, Re 11:11; π. [[τοῦ]] στόματος, fig., II Th 2:8 (cf. Ps 32 (33)6). <br /><b class="num">2.</b>Of the vital principle, the spirit (Arist., Polyb., al.): Lk 8:55, Jo 19:30, Ac 7:59, al.; opp. to [[σάρξ]], Mt 26:41, Mk 14:38, I Co 5:5, al.; to [[σῶμα]], Ro 8:10, I Co 6:17 7:34, I Pe 4:6; to [[ψυχή]], Phl 1:27, He 4:12; τὸ π. καὶ ἡ ψ. καὶ τ. [[σῶμα]], I Th 5:23 (M, Th., in l.); dat., τῷ π., in spirit, Mk 2:8 8:12, Jo 11:33 13:21, Ac 18:25, Ro 12:11, I Co 7:34, I Pe 3:18, al.; of the human spirit of Christ, Ro 1:4, I Ti 3:16. <br /><b class="num">3.</b>spirit, i.e. frame of mind, disposition, influence: Lk 1:17, Ro 8:15, I Co 4:21, Gal 6:1, Eph 2:2, II Ti 1:7, I Jo 4:6, al. <br /><b class="num">4.</b>An incorporeal being, a spirit: Lk 24:37, 39 Ac 23:8; π. ὁ [[θεός]], God is spirit, Jo 4:24; πατὴρ [[τῶν]] π., He 12:9; of disembodied human beings, He 12:23, I Pe 3:19 (ICC, in l.; DB, iii, 795); of angels. He 1:14; of demons or evil spirits, Mt 8:16, Mk 9:20, Lk 9:39, al.; π. πύθυωνα, Ac 16:16; πνεύματα δαιμονίων, Re 16:14; π. δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου, Lk 4:33; π. ἀσθενείας (Bl., §35, 5), Lk 13:11; π. ἀκάθαρτον, Mt 10:1, Mk 1:23, Lk 4:36, Ac 5:16; π. ἄλαλον (καὶ κωφόν), Mk 9:17, 25; πονηρόν, Lk 7:21, Ac 19:12, al. <br /><b class="num">5.</b>Of the Holy Spirit, π. ἅγιον, τὸ ἅ. π., τὸ π. τὸ ἅ. τὸ π., π. (the article as a rule being used when the Spirit is regarded as a Person or a Divine Power, and omitted when the reference is to an operation, influence or gift of the Spirit; v. WM, 151:5; Bl., §46, 7): anarth., Mt 1:18 3:11, 16 4:1, Mk 1:8 (Swete, in l.), ib.10, Lk 1:15, Jo 7:39, Ac 19:2, Ro 5:5, I Co 2:4, al.; c. art., Mt 4:1 12:31, 32 Mk 1:10 3:29, Lk 2:26, Jo 7:36 14:26, Ac 4:31 5:3, Ro 8:16, al.; (τὸ) π. ([[τοῦ]]) θεοῦ, Mt 3:16, Ro 8:9, Eph 3:16, I Jo 4:2, al.; τὸ π. τ. πατρός, Mt 10:20; π. θεοῦ ζῶντος, II Co 3:3; (τὸ) π. [[τοῦ]] κυρίου, Lk 4:18, Ac 5:9 8:39; τὸ π. Ἰησοῦ, Ac 16:7; Χριστοῦ, Ro 8:9; Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, Phl 1:19; τὸ π. τ. ἀληθείας, Jo 15:26 16:13, I Jo 4:6; λείγει (μαρτυρεῖ) τὸ π. (τὸ ἅγιον), Ac 21:11 28:25, I Ti 4:1, He 3:7 10:15, Re 14:13; seq. τ. ἐκκλησίαις,Re 2:7, 11 17, 29, 3:6, 12, 22; ἐν τ. π., Lk 2:27; κατὰ [[πνεῦμα]], Ro 8:4, 5; ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ π., Jo 3:5, διὰ πνεύματος αἰωνίου, He 9:14; ἐν ἁγιασμῷ πνεύματος, II Th 2:13, I Pe 1:2; ἓν π., I Co 12:13, Eph 2:18 4:4; ὁ δὲ [[κύριος]] τὸ π. ἐστιν, II Co 3:17; of that which is effected or governed by the Spirit, opp. to [[γράμμα]], Ro 2:29 7:6, II Co 3:6. SYN.: [[νοῦς]], which in NT is contrasted with π. as "the action of the understanding in man with that of the spiritual or ecstatic impulse" (DB, iv, 612); [[ψυχή]]— the usual term in cl. psychology—in NT, "expresses man as apart from God, a separate individual, π. expresses man as drawing his life from God" (DB, 1-vol., 872). | |||
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