View source for οἴγνυμι

{{bailly
|btext=<i>seul. prés. Act. et impf. Pass. 3ᵉ pl. épq.</i> ὠίγνυντο;<br /><i>c.</i> [[οἴγω]].
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{{elru
|elrutext='''οἴγνῡμι:''' эп. (только praes. act. и 3 л. pl. impf. pass. [[ὠΐγνυντο]]) Hom., Anth. = [[οἴγω]].
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{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to open</b>.<br />Other forms: and <b class="b3">οἴγω</b>, Aeol. inf. <b class="b3">ὀείγην</b> (SGDI 214, 43), later also <b class="b3">ἀν-οιγνύω</b> (Demetr. Eloc.), ipf. <b class="b3">ὠΐγνυντο</b> (Β 809, Θ 58), <b class="b3">ἀνα-οίγεσκον</b> (Ω 455), <b class="b3">-ῳ̃γον</b>, <b class="b3">-έῳγον</b>, aor. <b class="b3">οἶξαι</b> (<b class="b3">ᾦξε</b>, <b class="b3">ὤϊξε</b> Hom., <b class="b3">ἀν-έῳξε</b> Hom., Att.), pass. <b class="b3">οἰχθῆναι</b> (Pi., Att.), fut. <b class="b3">οἴξω</b>, perf. <b class="b3">ἀν-έῳγα</b> (intr. Hp. and late), with <b class="b3">-έῳχα</b>, <b class="b3">*έῳγμαι</b> (Att.), <b class="b3">ὤϊκται</b> (Herod.), <b class="b3">ἀν-ῳ̃κται</b> (Theoc.),<br />Compounds: Mostly w. prefix esp. <b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, from which a.o. <b class="b3">ὑπ-</b>, <b class="b3">παρ-ανοίγνυμι</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-ανοίγω</b> with <b class="b3">ἤνοιγον</b>, <b class="b3">ἤνοιξα</b>, <b class="b3">ἠνοίχθην</b>, <b class="b3">ἠνοίγην</b>, <b class="b3">ἠνέῳξα</b> etc. (X., LXX).<br />Derivatives: Few derivv. <b class="b3">ἄνοιξις</b> f. [[opening]] (Th., Thphr.), <b class="b3">ἄνοιγ-μα</b> n. [[opening]] (LXX), <b class="b3">-εύς</b> m. [[opener]] (Dam. Pr.), <b class="b3">ἐπανοίκ-τωρ</b> (Man.), <b class="b3">-της</b> (Arg. Man.) m. [[springer]]. As 2. member in <b class="b3">πιθ-οίγ-ια</b> n. pl. <b class="b2">opening of a barrel</b>, opening feast of the Anthesterien in Athens (Plu.). The judgment of these forms is partly uncertain and disputable. Starting from the inscriptional attested <b class="b3">ὀείγην</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">ὀ-(Ϝ)είγην</b>, with zero grade <b class="b3">ὠ-(Ϝ)ίγ-νυντο</b> (cf. <b class="b3">ἴγνυντο ἠνοίγοντο</b> H.; very uncertain), Fick and Bechtel (s. Lex. s. v.) want to replace the suspected ep. <b class="b3">ἀναοίγεσκον</b> as well as ep. <b class="b3">ἀνέῳγε</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνέῳξε</b> by <b class="b3">*ἀν-ο-(Ϝ)είγεσκον</b>, <b class="b3">*ἀν-ό-(Ϝ)ειγε</b>, <b class="b3">*ἀν-ό-(Ϝ)ειξε</b>, where <b class="b3">ὀ-</b> would be either prothetic or prefixal (cf. <b class="b3">ὀ-κέλλω</b> and 2. <b class="b3">ὀ-</b>).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1130] <b class="b2">*h₃u̯eig-</b> <b class="b2">make give way</b><br />Etymology: The judgment of these forms is partly uncertain and disputable. Starting from the inscriptional attested <b class="b3">ὀείγην</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">ὀ-(Ϝ)είγην</b>, with zero grade <b class="b3">ὠ-(Ϝ)ίγ-νυντο</b> (cf. <b class="b3">ἴγνυντο ἠνοίγοντο</b> H.; very uncertain), Fick and Bechtel (s. Lex. s. v.) want to replace the suspected ep. <b class="b3">ἀναοίγεσκον</b> as well as ep. <b class="b3">ἀνέῳγε</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνέῳξε</b> by <b class="b3">*ἀν-ο-(Ϝ)είγεσκον</b>, <b class="b3">*ἀν-ό-(Ϝ)ειγε</b>, <b class="b3">*ἀν-ό-(Ϝ)ειξε</b>, where <b class="b3">ὀ-</b> would be either prothetic or prefixal (cf. <b class="b3">ὀ-κέλλω</b> and 2. <b class="b3">ὀ-</b>). Not certainly explained. With <b class="b3">Ϝιγ-</b>, <b class="b3">Ϝειγ-</b> agree formally Skt. (midd.) <b class="b2">vij-áte</b>, <b class="b2">vej-ate</b> <b class="b2">give ground, flee</b>, to which a.o. Skt. <b class="b2">véga-</b> = Av. <b class="b2">vaēγa-</b> m. (IE <b class="b2">*u̯óigo-s</b>) <b class="b2">violent movement, pressure, clash, blow</b> (further s. <b class="b3">εἴκω</b>); so <b class="b3">ὀ-(Ϝ)εί-γω</b>, <b class="b3">ὀ-(Ϝε)ίγ-νυμι</b> prop. <b class="b2">make give way, push, open (a door)</b>? (Bechtel Lex. s.v. after Wackernagel). -- Diff., hardly to be preferred, Brugmann IF 29, 238 ff.: from <b class="b3">*Ϝο-(ε)ιγ-</b> to <b class="b3">ἐπ-είγω</b> with the same prefix as in <b class="b3">Ϝο-φληκόσι</b>, s. [[ὀφείλω]]. -- On the individual forms cf. Schwyzer 653 n. 10 w. lit. (also 412, 434 w. n. 3, 772), Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1. 152, 303 a. 480. S. also [[ἐπῳχατο]]. The analysis leads to <b class="b2">*h₃u̯(e)ig-</b>.
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{{FriskDe
|ftr='''οἴγνυμι''': {oígnumi}<br />'''Forms''': und [[οἴγω]], äol. Inf. [[ὀείγην]] (SGDI 214, 43), später auch ἀνοιγνύω (Demetr. ''Eloc''. u.a.), Ipf. [[ὠΐγνυντο]] (Β 809, Θ 58), ἀναοίγεσκον (Ω 455), -ῳ̃γον, -έῳγον, Aor. οἶξαι (ᾦξε, ὤϊξε Hom., ἀνέῳξε Hom., att.), Pass. οἰχθῆναι (Pi., att.), Fut. [[οἴξω]], Perf. [[ἀνέῳγα]] (intr. Hp. und spät), wozu -έῳχα, *έῳγμαι (att. usw.), ὤϊκται (Herod.), ἀν-ῳ̃κται (Theok.),<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': [[öffnen]].<br />'''Composita''' : vorw. m. Präfix bes. ἀν-, wovon u.a. ὑπ-, [[παρανοίγνυμι]], ὑπ-, [[συνανοίγω]] mit ἤνοιγον, [[ἤνοιξα]], ἠνοίχθην, [[ἠνοίγην]], ἠνέῳξα usw. (X., LXX, sp.)<br />'''Derivative''': Wenige Ableitungen: [[ἄνοιξις]] f. [[das Öffnen]] (Th., Thphr. usw.), [[ἄνοιγμα]] n. [[Öffnung]] (LXX u.a.), -εύς m. [[Öffner]] (Dam. ''Pr''.), [[ἐπανοίκτωρ]] (Man.), -της (Arg. Man.) m. [[Zersprenger]]. Als Hinterglied in der Zusammenbildung [[πιθοίγια]] n. pl. [[Faßöffnung]], Vorfeier der Anthesterien in Athen (Plu.). Die Beurteilung der obigen Formen ist z. T. unsicher und strittig. Von dem inschriftlich belegten [[ὀείγην]], d.h. ὀ-(ϝ)είγην ausgehend, wozu mit Schwundstufe ὠ-(ϝ)ίγνυντο (vgl. ἴγνυντο· ἠνοίγοντο H.; sehr fraglich), wollen Fick und Bechtel (s. Lex. s. v.) das verdächtige ep. ἀναοίγεσκον ebenso wie ep. ἀνέῳγε, ἀνέῳξε durch *ἀνο-(ϝ)είγεσκον, *ἀνό-(ϝ)ειγε, *ἀνό-(ϝ)ειξε ersetzen, wobei ὀ- entweder prothetisch oder präfixal (vgl. [[ὀκέλλω]] und 2. ὀ-) wäre.<br />'''Etymology''' : Nicht sicher erklärt. Mit ϝιγ-, ϝειγ- decken sich formal aind. (Med.) ''vij''-''áte'', ''vej''-''ate'' ‘zurückweichen, sich flüchten, vor etwas zurückfahren’, wozu u.a. aind. ''véga''- = aw. ''vaē''γ''a''- m. (idg. *''u̯óigo''-''s'') [[heftige Bewegung]], [[Andrang]], [[Anprall]], [[Schlag]] (weiteres s. [[εἴκω]]); ὀ-(ϝ)είγω, ὀ-(ϝε)ίγνυμι somit eig. ‘zurückweichen machen, anstoßen, (eine Tür) aufstoßen’? (Bechtel Lex. s.v. nach Wackernagel). — Anders, kaum vorzuziehen, Brugmann IF 29, 238 ff.: aus *ϝο-(ε)ιγ- zu [[ἐπείγω]] mit demselben Präfix wie in ϝοφληκόσι, s. [[ὀφείλω]]. — Zu den einzelnen Formen noch Schwyzer 653 A. 10 m. Lit. (auch 412, 434 m. A. 3, 772), Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1. 152, 303 u. 480. S. auch [[ἐπῴχατο]].<br />'''Page''' 2,356-357
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