View source for λώβη

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=λώβη
|Medium diacritics=λώβη
|Low diacritics=λώβη
|Capitals=ΛΩΒΗ
|Transliteration A=lṓbē
|Transliteration B=lōbē
|Transliteration C=lovi
|Beta Code=lw/bh
|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[outrage]], [[dishonour]], αἶσχος λώβη τε <span class="bibl">18.225</span>; <b class="b3">λώβην λωβᾶσθαι</b> (v. <b class="b3">λωβάομαι</b>) <b class="b3">; τείσετε λ</b>. ye shall pay for the [[outrage]], <span class="bibl">Il.11.142</span>; ἀπὸ πᾶσαν ἐμοὶ δόμεναι… λ. <span class="bibl">9.387</span>; but <b class="b3">λ. τείσασθαι</b> exact retribution for <b class="b2">an outrage</b>, i.e. avenge it, <span class="bibl">19.208</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.169</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>181</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐπὶ λώβᾳ</b> for [[ruin]] or [[destruction]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>792</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>647</span> (lyr.); ὡς ἐπὶ λώβᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>882</span> (lyr.); λ. καὶ διαφθορά <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>91c</span>, etc.; esp. [[mutilation]], [[maiming]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.154</span>: pl., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1392</span>; λώβας λωβηθείς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>473c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of persons, <b class="b2">a disgrace</b>, λώβην τ' ἔμεναι καὶ ὑπόψιον <span class="bibl">Il.3.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>165</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Herod.7.95</span>; <b class="b3">ποιητῶν λῶβαι</b>, of the Grammarians, <span class="title">AP</span>11.322 (Antiphan.); <b class="b3">οὐ γὰρ Ἀρκάδεσσι λώβα</b> no [[insult]] to the Arcadians, <span class="bibl">Alc. 38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">a form of leprosy</b>, Gal.14.757.</span>
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{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0075.png Seite 75]] ἡ, schmähliche, schimpfliche Behandlung mit Worten od. Werken, Beschimpfung, Mißhandlung, Schmach, καὶ [[αἶσχος]], Od. 18, 225. 19, 373; λώβην λωβᾶσθαί τινα, Einem Schmach anthun, Il. 13, 623; λώβην τῖσαι, eine Beleidigung büßen, 11, 142; auch ἀποδοῦναι, 9, 387; λώβην τίσασθαι, sich eine angethane Schmach büßen lassen, sie rächen, 19, 208 Od. 20, 169, wie Soph. Ai. 181; τὸν ἄνδρα λώβαις ἐκβαλεῖν ἀναξίως 1371, öfter, in der dor. Form λώβᾳ, die auch Eur. allein hat, ὡς ἐπὶ λώβᾳ, Herc. Fur. 881; u. in Prosa, πολλὰς λώβας λωβηθείς, Plat. Gorg. 473 c; λ. καὶ [[διαφθορά]] Men. 91 c; καὶ βλάβαι Legg. VI, 751 c; also = Schaden, auch = Verderben, Zerstörung, bes. bei Sp. – Bei den Byzant. = [[λέπρα]], Aussatz.
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{{ls
|lstext='''λώβη''': ἡ, ὡς τὸ [[λύμη]], κακὴ [[μεταχείρισις]], [[χλεύη]], [[ἀτίμωσις]], [[ὕβρις]], κακοποίησις, [[αἶσχος]] [[λώβη]] τε Ὀδ. Σ. 225· λώβην λωβᾶσθαι (ἴδε ἐν λ. λωβάομαι)· τίσετε λώβην, θὰ τιμωρηθῆτε διὰ τὴν λώβην, Ἰλ. Λ. 142· οὕτω, λ. ἀποδοῦναι Ι. 387· [[ἀλλά]], ἐπὴν τισαίμεθα λώβην, «[[ἐπειδὰν]] τὴν [[ὑπὲρ]] τῶν ἀποθανόντων ὕβριν καὶ βλάβην ἐκδικήσωμεν» (Σχόλ.), Τ. 208, Ὀδ. Υ. 169, Σοφ. Αἴ. 181· ἐπὶ λώβᾳ, ἐπὶ βλάβῃ ἢ ὀλέθρῳ, Σοφ. Ἀντ. 792, πρβλ. Εὐρ. Ἑκ. 647· ὡς ἐπὶ λώβᾳ ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἡρ. Μαιν. 881· λ. καὶ διαφθορὰ Πλάτ. Μένων 91C, κτλ.· - ἰδίως [[ἀκρωτηριασμός]], ἀποκοπὴ μέλους, Ἡρόδ. 3. 154· - [[ὡσαύτως]] ἐν τῷ πληθ. Σοφ. Αἴ. 1392· λώβας λωβηθεὶς Πλάτ. Γοργ. 473C. 2) ἐπὶ προσώπ., [[ὕβρις]], [[ἀτιμία]], [[ὄνειδος]], Λατ. opprobrium, λώβην τ’ ἔμεναι καὶ ὑπόψιον ἄλλων Ἰλ. Γ. 42, πρβλ. Εὐρ. Ἠλ. 165· ποιητῶν λῶβαι, ἐπὶ τῶν Γραμματικῶν, Ἀνθ. Π. 11. 322. - Καθ’ Ἡσύχ.: «[[λώβη]]· [[βλάβη]], [[ὄνειδος]], [[ἀπώλεια]], [[χλεύη]], [[ψεῦδος]], [[ὕβρις]]». II. παρὰ Βυζαντίνοις = [[λέπρα]]. Wernsd. εἰς Φιλῆν σελ. 54, 56. (Πρβλ. Λατ. labes· - [[ἴσως]] συγγενὲς τῷ [[λύμη]], [[ὅπερ]] συγγενὲς τῷ [[λῦμα]], ἐκ √ΛΟF, [[λούω]]).
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{{bailly
|btext=ης (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> traitement déshonorant, outrage;<br /><b>2</b> <i>en parl. de pers.</i> qui est un sujet de honte, opprobre;<br /><b>3</b> mauvais traitement, violence, mutilation ; ruine, destruction ; démence, aveuglement.<br />'''Étymologie:''' cf. <i>lat.</i> labes.
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{{Autenrieth
|auten=[[outrage]], [[insult]]; σοὶ [[λώβη]], ‘[[shame]] [[upon]] thee,’ if, etc., Il. 18.180; of a [[person]], ‘[[object]] of [[ignominy]],’ Il. 3.42.
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{{grml
|mltxt=η (AM [[λώβη]])<br /><b>βλ.</b> [[λώβα]].
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{{lsm
|lsmtext='''λώβη:''' ἡ,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> κακή [[μεταχείριση]], [[ατίμωση]], [[χλεύη]], ύβρη, [[κακοποίηση]], σε Όμηρ., Ηρόδ., Αττ.· [[κυρίως]], [[ακρωτηριασμός]], [[αποκοπή]] μέλους, σε Ηρόδ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> λέγεται για πρόσωπα, [[ατίμωση]], [[εξευτελισμός]], Λατ. [[opprobrium]], λώβην [[εἶναι]], σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.
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{{elru
|elrutext='''λώβη:''' дор. [[λώβα]] ἡ<br /><b class="num">1)</b> оскорбление, бесчестие (λώβην λωβᾶσθαί τινα Hom.): λώβην [[ἀποδοῦναι]] и [[τῖσαι]] Hom. поплатиться за нанесение обиды;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> позор: λώβην [[ἔμεναι]] ἄλλων Hom. быть покрытым позором в глазах других;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> мучение, истязание (παντοδαπὰς λώβας λωβηθείς Plat.);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> обезображение, увечье Her., Soph.;<br /><b class="num">5)</b> гибель, крушение (λ. καὶ [[διαφθορά]] Plat.);<br /><b class="num">6)</b> перен. ослепление, безумие: πατρῴᾳ λώβᾳ Eur. из-за отцовского ослепления;<br /><b class="num">7)</b> перен. бич, язва, проклятие: ποιητῶν λῶβαι Anth. ирон. (о грамматиках) проклятие поэтов.
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{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[outrage]], [[dishonour]], [[damage]], [[mutilation]] (Il.), <b class="b2">kind of leprosy</b> (Gal.).<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">ἐπί-λωβος</b> <b class="b2">bringing damage</b> (Vett. Val.), <b class="b3">-ής</b> <b class="b2">ds.</b> (Nic.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λωβητός</b> <b class="b2">laden with λώβη</b> (Ω 531, Hes. Sc. 366, S.; Ammann <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 1, 21), <b class="b3">λωβή-εις</b> (A. R.), <b class="b3">-μων</b> (Nic. Al. 536; v. l. <b class="b3">-τωρ</b>) [[outrageous]]. Denomin. verb (or deverbative like <b class="b3">πωτά-ομαι</b>, <b class="b3">νωμάω</b>?) <b class="b3">λωβάομαι</b> (<b class="b3">-άω</b>), rarely with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, [[outrage]], [[maltreat]], [[mutilate]] (Il.); with <b class="b3">λωβητήρ</b> [[slanderer]], [[destroyer]] (Il.; on the meaning Benveniste Noms d'agent 38 a. 42), f. <b class="b3">-ήτειρα</b> (AP); also <b class="b3">-ήτωρ</b> (Opp., AP), <b class="b3">-ητής</b> (Ar.); <b class="b3">λώβησις</b> = <b class="b3">λώβη</b> (Ptol., sch.). Rare <b class="b3">λωβεύω</b> [[mock]] (Od.; as <b class="b3">ἀγορεύω</b>, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 368; also Shipp Studies 120: to avoid contracted forms).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Lengthened grade formation like <b class="b3">κώπη</b>, <b class="b3">λώπη</b>, <b class="b3">λώγη</b> (Schwyzer 459 f.); such lengthened grades are now mostly no longer accepted. Several hypotheses of diff. value. After Scheftelowitz IF 33, 152 a. 166 and Prellwitz KZ 47, 303 f. identical with a Baltic word for <b class="b2">aggravation, objection, burden, nuisance, damage</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">slogà</b>, Latv. [[slāga]] (IE <b class="b2">*slōgʷā</b>), verbal noun to Lith. <b class="b2">slė́gti</b> <b class="b2">(op)press, aggravate</b>, Latv. [[slêgt]] [[shut]], [[close]]. Other proposals: to Lith. <b class="b2">liuobà</b> <b class="b2">care, nurture of cattle</b> and (independent) Lat. [[labor]] [[trouble]], [[burden]], [[work]] (Trautmann in Walde LEW2 s. [[labor]]); to Lat. [[lābēs]] [[stain]], [[contumely]] (Curtius 369); to OIr. [[lobur]] [[weak]], [[lobaim]] [[putresco]] (Pedersen Vergl. Gramm. 1, 116f.); rejected in WP. 2, 714 a. W.-Hofmann s. [[labor]]. - Fur. 302 n.35 compares <b class="b3">λυβάζειν λοιδορεῖν</b> H., which might point to a Pre-Greek word (<b class="b2">*lub-</b>?).
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{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=[[λώβη]], ἡ,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[despiteful]] [[treatment]], [[outrage]], [[dishonour]], Hom., Hdt., [[attic]]:—esp. [[mutilation]], [[maiming]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> of persons, a [[disgrace]], Lat. [[opprobrium]], λώβην [[εἶναι]] Il.
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{{FriskDe
|ftr='''λώβη''': {lṓbē}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Schimpf]], [[Schmach]], [[Schaden]], [[Mißhandlung]] (seit Il.), [[Art Aussatz]] (Gal.);<br />'''Composita''' : [[ἐπίλωβος]] [[schadenbringend]] (Vett. Val.), -ής ib. (Nik.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[λωβητός]] [[mit [[λώβη]] beladen]] (Ω 531, Hes. ''Sc''. 366, S.; Ammann Μνήμης [[χάριν]] 1, 21), [[λωβήεις]] (A. R. u. a.), -μων (Nik. ''Al''. 536; v. l. -τωρ) [[schimpflich]], [[verderblich]]. Denominatives Verb (oder deverbativ wie [[πωτάομαι]], [[νωμάω]]?) [[λωβάομαι]] (-άω), vereinzelt mit Präfix, z.B. ἀπο-. ἐκ-, δια-, [[schimpfen]], [[schädigen]], [[mißhandeln]] (seit Il.); davon [[λωβητήρ]] [[Beschimpfer]], [[Lästerer]], [[Verderber]] (ep. poet. seit Il.; zur Bed. Benveniste Noms d’agent 38 u. 42), f. -ήτειρα (''AP''); auch -ήτωρ (Opp., ''AP''), -ητής (Ar.); [[λώβησις]] = [[λώβη]] (Ptol., Sch.). Selten [[λωβεύω]] [[schimpfen]], [[höhnen]], [[verspotten]] (Od.; wie [[ἀγορεύω]], Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 368; auch Shipp Studies 120: zur Vermeidung kontrahierter Formen). Dehnstufige Bildung wie [[κώπη]], [[λώπη]], [[λώγη]] (Schwyzer 459 f.); der Funktion nach dient [[λώβη]] auch als Rückbildung von [[λωβάομαι]].<br />'''Etymology''' : Mehrere Hypothesen von wechselndem Wert. Nach Scheftelowitz IF 33, 152 u. 166 und Prellwitz KZ 47, 303 f. mit einem baltischen Wort für [[Beschwerung]], [[Beschwerde]], [[Last]], [[Plage]], [[Schaden]] identisch, lit. ''slogà'', lett. ''slāga'' (idg. *''slōgʷā''), Verbalnomen zu lit. ''slė́gti'' ‘(be)drücken, pressen, beschweren’, lett. ''slêgt'' [[schließen]], [[zumachen]]. Andere Vorschlage: zu lit. ''liuobà'' [[Pfiege]], [[Fütterung des Viehs]] und (dem davon zu trennenden) lat. ''labor'' [[Mühe]], [[Last]], [[Arbeit]] (Trautmann bei Walde LEW<sup>2</sup> s. ''labor''); zu lat. ''lābēs'' [[Fleck]], [[Schmach]] (Curtius 369 mit Pott und Benfey); zu air. ''lobur'' [[schwach]], ''lobaim'' [[putresco]] (Pedersen Vergl. Gramm. 1, 116f.); ablehnende Kritik bei WP. 2, 714 u. W.-Hofmann s. ''labor''.<br />'''Page''' 2,151
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