View source for Ἄρης

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=Ἄρης
|Medium diacritics=Ἄρης
|Low diacritics=Άρης
|Capitals=ΑΡΗΣ
|Transliteration A=Árēs
|Transliteration B=Arēs
|Transliteration C=Aris
|Beta Code=*)/arhs
|Definition=ὁ, Ep.gen. <b class="b3">Ἄρεος</b>, Att. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> Ἄρεως <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>64</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1258</span>; but <b class="b3">Ἄρεος</b> (never contr.) is required by the metre in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>115</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>947</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span> 125</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span> 1423</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>275</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>950</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>16</span>; dat. <b class="b3">Ἄρεϊ</b>, contr. <b class="b3">Ἄρει</b>; acc. Ἄρεα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>190</span> (lyr.), Att. <b class="b3">Ἄρη</b> (never <b class="b3">Ἄρην</b>, which is not found in Attic Inscrr. and is never required by the metre; <b class="b3">Ἄρη'</b> is the true reading in <span class="bibl">Il.5.909</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>59</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>7.237 (Alph.), <span class="bibl">D.S. 5.72</span>); voc. <b class="b3">Ἄρες</b>, Ep. (metri gr.) <b class="b3">Ἆρες</b>:—Ion. and Ep. declens. Ἄρης, ηος, ηι, ηα: Aeol. Ἄρευς, ευος, ευα, ευι, ευ, Sapph.66, <span class="bibl">Alc. 28</span> ff.:—<span class="title">Ares</span>: in Trag., <b class="b2">the god of destruction</b> generally, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OT</span>190</span>, etc.; ἐς Οἰδίπου παῖδε . . Ἄρης κατέσκηψ' <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>558</span>; in Com., <b class="b3">Ἄρεως νεοττός</b> chicken <b class="b2">of Ares</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span>835</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> the planet <b class="b2">Mars</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Cael.</span>292a5</span>, <span class="bibl">Cleom.1.11.59</span>, etc.; Ἄρεος ἡμέρα <span class="bibl">D.C.37.19</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> in Poets, Appellat. for <b class="b2">war, slaughter</b>, ξυνάγωμεν Ἄρηα <span class="bibl">Il.2.381</span>; Ἄρη μείξουσιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1046</span> (lyr.); χρονίῳ σὺν Ἄρει <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>11.36</span>; <b class="b3">Ἄρης ἐμφύλιος, Ἄ. τιθασός</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>862</span>,<span class="bibl">355</span>; θηλυκτόνῳ Ἄρει δαμέντων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>861</span>; ναύφαρκτος Ἄ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>951</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">λιθόλευστον Ἄρη</b> <b class="b2">death</b> by stoning, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>254</span>(lyr.); <b class="b3">ἔνθα μάλιστα γίγνετ' Ἄ. ἀλεγεινὸς ὀϊζυροῖσι βροτοῖσι</b>, of a <b class="b2">mortal wound</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.13.569</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">warlike spirit</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>78</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 134</span>; κἀν γυναιξὶν . . Ἄ. ἔνεστιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1242</span>; οὔτ' ὄλβος οὔτ' Ἄ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 952</span>; μέγαν ἐκ θυμοῦ κλάζοντας Ἄ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>48</span>; Ἄρη βλέπειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>328</span>, <span class="bibl">Timocl.12.7</span>: in Prose, ἔμφυτος Ἄ. Gorg.<span class="title">Fr.</span>6. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">the sword</b>, ὀξὺς Ἄ. <span class="bibl">Il.7.330</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>7.531 (Antip. Thess.), Plu.2.23c. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> epith. of Zeus, as the <b class="b2">avenger</b> of perjury, in oaths, <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).343c (Arc.); of <b class="b3">Ἐνυάλιος</b>, ibid., <span class="bibl">Poll.8.106</span>. (Akin to <b class="b3">ἀρή</b>, q. v.) [ᾰ in Hom., but α of voc. may be long, e.g. Ἆρες, Ἄρες βροτολοιγέ <span class="bibl">Il.5.31</span>, and gen. Ἄρηος <span class="bibl">2.767</span>, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Jov.</span>77</span> (s.v.l.), Ἄρεος <span class="bibl">A.R.3.1187</span>, dat. Ἄρηϊ <span class="bibl">Id.2.991</span>: in Trag., regularly ᾰ, but A. uses ᾱ even in dialogue, as <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>244</span>, <span class="bibl">469</span>; and S. in lyr., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>252</span>,<span class="bibl">614</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>139</span>.]</span>
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{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0350.png Seite 350]] ὁ, Ares, s. nom. propr., steht oft appellativisch für Krieg, Mord, δεινὸς ὁ προς χώρων [[Ἄρης]] Soph. O. C. 1065; [[λιθόλευστος]]. Steinigungstod, Ai. 247; von Seuchen, O. R. 190; kriegerischer Muth, καὶ ἐν γυναιξὶν [[Ἄρης]] ἔνεστι El. 1235, u. so bei andern Dichtern.
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{{bailly
|btext=<i>gén.</i> -εως <i>ou</i> -εος;<br /><i>voc.</i> Ἄρες, <i>dat.</i> -ει, <i>acc.</i> -η <i>ou</i> -ην;<br /><b>I.</b> Arès :<br /><b>1</b> fils de Zeus et d’Héra, dieu de la guerre;<br /><b>2</b> dans les Tragiques et les Comiques, dieu de la guerre <i>ou</i> de la ruine, auteur des fléaux, des pestes;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>p. ext. poét.</i><br /><b>1</b> guerre, carnage ; ὁ Μυρμιδὼν [[Ἄρης]] EUR la bataille, <i>càd</i> l’armée des Myrmidons ; humeur belliqueuse;<br /><b>2</b> meurtre <i>en gén.</i> ; mort violente : [[λιθόλευστος]] [[Ἄρης]] SOPH la mort par lapidation ; [[Ἄρεως]] [[ὄχθος]] ATT colline d’Arès, <i>càd du meurtre, ainsi appelée parce qu’on y avait établi le tribunal qui connaissait du meurtre (l’aréopage), d’où la légende que le Meurtre en personne ([[Ἄρης]]) fut d’abord jugé en ces lieux (cf. [[Ἄρειος]] [[πάγος]])</i>;<br /><b>3</b> blessure mortelle.<br />'''Étymologie:''' pê de la R. Ἀρ enlever, détruire, faire périr, cf. [[αἴρω]].
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