χῶμα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ατος, τό, (χόω, χώννυμι) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[earth thrown up]], [[bank]], [[mound]], thrown up against the walls of cities to take them, αἵρεε τὰς πόλιας χώμασι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.162</span>; <b class="b3">χ. ἔχουν πρὸς τὴν πόλιν</b> The.<span class="bibl">2.75</span>, cf. LXX.<span class="title">Ez.</span>21.22(27), <span class="title">Hb.</span>1.10, <span class="title">OGI</span>90.24 (Rosetta, ii B. C., pl.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[dyke]] to hinder a river from overflowing, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.184</span>: freq. in Pap., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3pp.125,341</span> (iii B. C.), etc.; <b class="b3">βασιλικὸν χ</b>. Wilcken <span class="title">Chr.</span>11 <span class="title">A</span>8 (ii B. C.); δημόσιον χ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>290.34</span> (i A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[dam]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.130</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[mole]] or [[pier]], carried out into the sea, [[jetty]], <span class="bibl">Id.8.97</span>, <span class="bibl">D.50.6</span>, Arg.Id.51, <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).199<span class="title">A</span>33(Delos, iii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[promontory]], [[spit of sand]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>870</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[sepulchral mound]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.93</span>, <span class="bibl">9.85</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>723</span>(anap.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1216</span>, etc.; τάφων χώματα γαίας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 53</span> (lyr.); χῶμα μὴ χοῦν ὑψηλότερον πέντε ἀνδρῶν ἔργον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 958e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[mass of soil]] in which roots are found, cj. in <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">HP</span>2.5.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[heap of rubbish]], [[ruin]], <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jo.</span>8.28</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Is.</span>25.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Lib. <span class="title">Or.</span>61.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">τὸ χ. τῆς γῆς</b> the [[dust]] of the earth, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>8.16</span>.</span>

|btext=χώματος (τό) :<br /><b>I.</b> terrassement, terrasse :<br /><b>1</b> pour se défendre contre l'ennemi;<br /><b>2</b> terrasse élevée par les assiégeants pour s'approcher de la ville;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>p. ext.</i> :<br /><b>1</b> toute jetée, même en pierres ; môle;<br /><b>2</b> digue pour empêcher le débordement d'un fleuve;<br /><b>3</b> toute élévation de terre naturelle (atterrissement, dune, promontoire);<br /><b>4</b> amas de terre d'un tombeau, tombe, tombeau.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[χώννυμι]].

|elrutext='''χῶμα:''' ατος τό [[χώννυμι]]<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[земляная насыпь]], [[вал]] Her., Thuc.;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> [[плотина]], [[гать]] Her., Diod.;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> [[дамба]], [[мол]] Her., Dem.;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> [[коса]], [[мыс]] (Σαρπηδόνιον χ. Aesch.);<br /><b class="num">5)</b> [[могильная насыпь]], [[курган]] Trag., Plat.