ἄστυ: Difference between revisions

← Older edit

ἄστυ (view source)

Revision as of 10:47, 21 December 2024

1,328 bytes added , 21 December 2024

m

Text replacement - "Pl.''R.''" to "Pl.''R.''"

Spiros

Bureaucrats, Interface administrators, Administrators

3,277,119

edits

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 |Transliteration C=asty
 |Beta Code=a)/stu
-|Definition=τό, Ep. and Ion. gen. εος (disyll. in Semon.7.74), Att. and Trag. εως (ἄστεος is never required by the metre, ἄστεως (trisyll.) is necessary in E.''Or.''761, ''Ph.''842, ''El.''246, and is the only form found in Att. Inscrr., as ''IG''2.584.7, 22.463.76; it is a disyll. in E.''El.''298, ''Ba.'' 840): pl.,<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἄστη Id.''Supp.''952; ἄστεα Hdt.1.5:—[[town]], ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο Il.2.332, al.: with name in gen., <b class="b3">Σουσίδος ἄστυ, Σούσων ἄστυ</b>, A.''Pers.''119, 535; ἄστυ Θήβης S.''OC''1372, ''Tr.''1154, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[lower]] [[town]], opp. [[acropolis]], Hdt.1.176, al.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in Attica, [[town]] (i.e. [[Athens]]), opp. [[ἀγρός]] ([[country]]), mostly without Art., στυγῶν μὲν ἄ. Ar.''Ach.''33; ἐξ ἄστεως νῦν εἰς ἀγρὸν χωρῶμεν Id.''Fr.''107; <b class="b3">ἔγημα . . ἄγροικος ὢν ἐξ ἄστεως</b> I [[marry|married]] a [[town]] [[girl]], Id.''Nu.''47; τῶν κατ' ἄστυ πραγμάτων Men.''Georg. Fr.''4: also with Art., πρὸς τὸ ἄστυ Pl.''R.''327b, 328c, al.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[Athens]], opp. [[Phalerum]] or [[Piraeus]], Id.''Smp.''172a, D.20.12, Arist.''Pol.''1303b12, al.; <b class="b3">τὸ ἄστυ τῆς πόλεως</b>, opp. [[Piraeus]], Lycurg.18; <b class="b3">ἄρχοντος ἐν ἄστει</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἐν Σαλαμῖνι</b>, ''IG''2.594.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in Egypt, [[Alexandria]], PHal.1.89 (iii B. C.), St.Byz. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ἄστυ]], etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[town]] in the material sense, opp. [[πόλις]] (the [[civic body]]), Il.17.144.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Adv. [[ἄστυδε]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]). ([[ϝάστυ]], cf. [[ϝασστυόχος]] ''IG''5(2).77 (Tegea): gen. [[ϝάστιος]] ib.7.3170 (Orchom. Boeot.) from Proto-Hellenic ''*wástu''; cognate with Sanskrit वस्तु (vástu, “[[house]]”), Latin [[verna]], Tocharian A ''waṣt'', Tocharian B ''ost''.: but prob. not cogn. with Skt. ''vásati'' '[[dwell]]', which has e in the root.)
+|Definition=τό, Ep. and Ion. gen. ἄστεος (disyll. in Semon.7.74), Att. and Trag. ἄστεως (ἄστεος is never required by the metre, ἄστεως (trisyll.) is necessary in [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''761, ''Ph.''842, ''El.''246, and is the only form found in Att. Inscrr., as ''IG''2.584.7, 22.463.76; it is a disyll. in E.''El.''298, ''Ba.'' 840): pl.,<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἄστη Id.''Supp.''952; ἄστεα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.5:—[[town]], ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο Il.2.332, al.: with name in gen., <b class="b3">Σουσίδος ἄστυ, Σούσων ἄστυ</b>, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''119, 535; ἄστυ Θήβης [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1372, ''Tr.''1154, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[lower]] [[town]], opp. [[acropolis]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.176, al.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in Attica, [[town]] (i.e. [[Athens]]), opp. [[ἀγρός]] ([[country]]), mostly without Art., στυγῶν μὲν ἄ. [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''33; ἐξ ἄστεως νῦν εἰς ἀγρὸν χωρῶμεν Id.''Fr.''107; <b class="b3">ἔγημα . . ἄγροικος ὢν ἐξ ἄστεως</b> I [[marry|married]] a [[town]] [[girl]], Id.''Nu.''47; τῶν κατ' ἄστυ πραγμάτων Men.''Georg. Fr.''4: also with Art., πρὸς τὸ ἄστυ [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]''327b, 328c, al.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[Athens]], opp. [[Phalerum]] or [[Piraeus]], Id.''Smp.''172a, D.20.12, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Politica|Pol.]]''1303b12, al.; <b class="b3">τὸ ἄστυ τῆς πόλεως</b>, opp. [[Piraeus]], Lycurg.18; <b class="b3">ἄρχοντος ἐν ἄστει</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἐν Σαλαμῖνι</b>, ''IG''2.594.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in Egypt, [[Alexandria]], PHal.1.89 (iii B. C.), St.Byz. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ἄστυ]], etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[town]] in the material sense, opp. [[πόλις]] (the [[civic body]]), Il.17.144.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Adv. [[ἄστυδε]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]). ([[ϝάστυ]], cf. [[ϝασστυόχος]] ''IG''5(2).77 (Tegea): gen. [[ϝάστιος]] ib.7.3170 (Orchom. Boeot.) from Proto-Hellenic ''*wástu''; cognate with Sanskrit वस्तु (vástu, “[[house]]”), Latin [[verna]], Tocharian A ''waṣt'', Tocharian B ''ost''.: but prob. not cogn. with Skt. ''vásati'' '[[dwell]]', which has e in the root.)
 }}
 {{DGE
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 }}
 {{mdlsj
-|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">I.</b> a [[city]], [[town]], Hom., etc.; Σούσων ἄ. the [[town]] of [[Susa]], Aesch.; ἄ. Θήβης Soph.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> the Athenians called [[Athens]] Ἄστυ, as the Romans called [[Rome]] Urbs, [[mostly]] without the Art. (as we [[speak]] of "[[being]] in [[town]], " "[[going]] to [[town]]"), Ar.
+|mdlsjtxt=<b class="num">I.</b> a [[city]], [[town]], Hom., etc.; Σούσων ἄ. the [[town]] of [[Susa]], Aesch.; ἄ. Θήβης Soph.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> the Athenians called [[Athens]] Ἄστυ, as the Romans called [[Rome]] Urbs, [[mostly]] without the Art. (as we [[speak]] of "[[being]] in [[town]], " "[[going]] to [[town]]"), Ar.
 }}
 {{FriskDe
 |ftr='''ἄστυ''': -εος, att. -εως<br />{ástu}<br />'''Grammar''': n.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Stadt]] (seit Il.).<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: [[ἀστικός]] [[städtisch]] im eigtl. Sinn (A., Th., Lys. usw.) mit produktivem ικο-Suffix, auch aufἀστός (s. unten) bezüglich; mitunter [[ἀστυκός]], in Anlehnung an [[ἄστυ]], vgl. Schwyzer 498, Chantraine Formation 394; — [[ἀστεῖος]] [[städtisch]] in übertragenem Sinne, [[fein gebildet]], [[hübsch]] (att., Arist. usw.), vgl. zu diesem Begriff Lammermann Von der att. Urbanität und ihrer Auswirkung in der Sprache. Diss. Göttingen 1935. Davon die späten [[ἀστειότης]] (Vett. Val. u. a.) und [[ἀστειοσύνη]] (Lib.), das denominative [[ἀστεΐζομαι]] (Str., J. usw.) mit [[ἀστεϊσμός]] (Demetr. ''Eloc''., D. H. usw.) und [[ἀστέϊσμα]] (Tz.), außerdem noch ἀστεϊεύομαι (Sch.). — [[ἀστίτης]] m. [[Mitbürger]] (S.) nach [[πολίτης]]. — Eine sehr eigenartige Bildung ist [[ἄστυρον]] [[Stadt]], [[Städtchen]] (Kall., Nik.).<br />'''Etymology''': Früher belegt als die schon genannten Ableitungen ist [[ἀστός]] m. [[Bürger]], [[Mitbürger]] (seit Il.), das für *ἀστϝός, mit Anknüpfung an die hochfrequente Nom.-Akk.-Form, stehen muß, vgl. thess. ϝαστϝός unten. Davon [[ἄστιος]] = [[ἀστικός]] (Kreta, Stymphalos, Delos). [[ἄστυ]] aus ϝάστυ (in böot. ϝάστιος Gen., ark. ϝασστυόχω (Gen.), vgl. thess. ϝαστϝός usw.) entspricht bis auf die Quantität aind. (ved.) ''vā́stu'' n. [[Wohnstätte]] (daneben das erheblich später belegte und wahrscheinlich jüngere ''vastu'' n. [[Ort]], [[Ding]]), wozu sich noch messap. ''vastei'' (Dat., Krahe Glotta 17, 100) und toch. A ''waṣt'', B ''ost'' [[Haus]] gesellen. Dieser Bildung zugrunde liegt ein altes Verb, das u. a. in ai. ''vásati'' [[verweilen]], [[wohnen]], got. ''wisan'' [[verweilen]], [[sein]], vielleicht auch in heth. ''ḫuiš''-''zi'' [[er lebt]] erhalten ist. Das Griech. hat dagegen nur die zweisilbige Form [[ἄεσα]] (Aor.), s. d. — Neben der ''tu''-Ableitung in [[ἄστυ]] usw. stehen andere nominale Bildungen, z. B. got. ''wists'' f. [[Wesen]], [[Natur]] (aus *''u̯es''-''ti''-''s'', vgl. [[Ἑστία]]), air. ''foss'' [[Ruhe]] (aus *''u̯os''-''to''-''s''). — Unerklärt bleibt der griech. α-Vokal, der zu der sonst herrschenden ''e''-''o''-Serie (z. B. got. ''wisan'': ''was'') nicht stimmt. — Zum Lenis s. Schwyzer 227 m. Lit.<br />'''Page''' 1,173-174
+}}
+{{lxth
+|lthtxt=''[[urbs]]'', [[city]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.122.2/ 1.122.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.44.2/ 6.44.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.95.4/ 8.95.4],<br><i>de urbe Athenis</i>, <i>concerning the city Athens</i> [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.13.7/ 2.13.7], [<i>vulgo</i> <i>commonly</i> ἄστεως]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.17.1/ 2.17.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.52.1/ 2.52.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.94.1/ 2.94.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.92.7/ 8.92.7], [<i>vulgo</i> <i>commonly</i> ἄστεως]. <i>Ibid.</i> <i>in the same place</i> [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%208.8.1/ 8.8.1]. 93.
 }}
 {{trml
 |trtx=Abkhaz: ақалақь; Adyghe: къалэ; Afrikaans: dorp; Ainu: コタン; Albanian: qytet, qytezë; Amharic: ከተማ; Arabic: مَدِينَة‎, قَرْيَة‎, بَلْدَة‎; Egyptian Arabic: مدينة‎; Aragonese: ziudat; Archi: шагьру; Armenian: քաղաք, ավան; Aromanian: cãsãbã; Assamese: নগৰ; Asturian: pueblu, ciudá; Avar: шагьар; Azerbaijani: şəhər; Baekje: 夫里; Bashkir: ҡала; Basque: herri; Bavarian: Ståd; Belarusian: горад, места; Bengali: শহর, নগর; Breton: kêr, kêrioù, kumun, kumunioù; Bulgarian: град; Burmese: မြို့; Buryat: хото; Catalan: poble, ciutat, vila; Cebuano: lungsod; Chamicuro: chi'nashtalichi; Chechen: юрт, гӏала; Cherokee: ᎦᏚᎲᎢ; Chickasaw: okla; Chinese Cantonese: 城市, 城鎮; Mandarin: 城市, 城, 鎮, 镇, 城鎮, 城镇; Chuvash: хула; Coptic: ⲃⲁⲕⲓ; Czech: město; Danish: by; Dutch: [[gemeente]], [[stad]], [[nederzetting]], [[tuin]]; Eastern Mari: ола; Elfdalian: stað; Erzya: ош; Esperanto: urbo, urbeto; Estonian: linn; Faroese: býur; Finnish: pikkukaupunki, kunta, kaupunki; French: [[ville]], [[commune]], [[bourg]], [[villette]], [[villotte]]; Galician: vila; Georgian: ქალაქი; German: [[Stadt]], [[Ort]], [[Städtchen]], [[Gemeinde]]; Greek: [[πόλη]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄστυ]], [[πολίχνιον]], [[πολίχνη]], [[πόλις]], [[πτόλις]]; Greenlandic: illoqarfik; Gujarati: શહેર; Hausa: birni; Hebrew: עִיר‎, קִרְיָה‎, יִשּׁוּב‎; Higaonon: banuwa; Hindi: शहर, नगर; Hungarian: város; Icelandic: bær; Ido: urbo; Indonesian: kotamadya; Irish: baile, baile mór; Italian: [[città]]; Japanese: 街, 町, 都市; Kamba: taunii; Kannada: ನಗರ; Karelian: linna; Kashubian: gard; Kazakh: қала; Khmer: ទីក្រុង, ផ្សារ, កូនក្រុង, ក្រុងតូច; Kikuyu: taoni; Komi-Permyak: кар; Korean: 마을, 읍, 시; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: bajarok; Kyrgyz: шаар; Ladin: zità; Lao: ເມືອງ, ຊຽງ, ນະຄອນ; Latin: [[oppidum]]; Latvian: pilsēta; Lithuanian: miestelis; Luhya: mtauni, etauni; Lü: ᦵᦞᦇ, ᦵᦈᦲᧃᧈ, ᦵᦋᧂ; Macedonian: град, паланка; Malagasy: tanana; Malay: bandar; Malayalam: നഗരം; Maltese: raħal; Mansi: ӯс; Maori: tāone; Marathi: शहर; Meru: tauni; Moksha: ош; Mongolian: хот; Nanai: хотон; Navajo: kin shijaaʼ, kin łání, kin; Nivkh: хота; North Frisian: steed; Northern Thai: ᨩ᩠ᨿᨦ; Norwegian Bokmål: by; Nynorsk: by; Ojibwe: oodena; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: градъ, мѣсто; Old East Slavic: градъ, мѣсто, городъ; Old English: burg, tūn; Old French: vile; Old High German: burg, stat; Old Turkic: 𐰉𐰞𐰶‎; Oriya: ନଗର; Oromo: magaalaa; Ossetian: сахар, горӕт; Pashto: ښار‎; Pennsylvania German: Schtettel, Schteddel, Schteddelche, Schtettli, Schteddliche, Taun; Persian: شهر‎, شهرک‎; Plautdietsch: Staut; Polish: miasto, miasteczko; Portuguese: [[vila]], [[aldeia]], [[povoado]], [[arraial]]; Punjabi: ਸ਼ਹਿਰ; Purepecha: iréta; Quechua: llaqta; Romanian: oraș, orașe; Romansch: citad; Russian: [[город]], [[городок]], [[посёлок]], [[местечко]], [[град]]; Rusyn: мі́сто; Sanskrit: नगर; Scots: toun; Scottish Gaelic: baile; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: град, варош, касаба, паланка; Roman: grad, varoš, kasaba, palanka; Shor: тура; Sinhalese: නගරය; Slovak: mesto; Slovene: mésto; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: město; Upper Sorbian: město; Spanish: [[ciudad]], [[pueblo]]; Swahili: mji; Swedish: stad, tätort; Tabasaran: шагьур; Tagalog: bayan, syudad; Tajik: шаҳр; Tamil: நகரம்; Taos: plòso'óna; Tatar: шәһәр, кала; Telugu: పట్టణము, పట్నము; Tetum: sidade, vila; Thai: เมือง, พารา, นคร, เชียง; Tibetan: གྲོང་གསེབ, གྲོང་སྡེ; Tongan: kolo; Turkish: ilçe, kasaba, şehir, bucak; Turkmen: şäher; Tuvan: хоорай; Tzotzil: teklum, teklumal; Udmurt: кар; Ugaritic: 𐎓𐎗, 𐎎𐎄𐎐𐎚; Ukrainian: мі́сто, містечко; Urdu: شہر‎; Uyghur: شەھەر‎; Uzbek: shahar; Vietnamese: tỉnh, thành phố, thị trấn; Volapük: zif; Waray-Waray: bungto; Welsh: tref; West Frisian: stêd; Yakut: куорат; Yiddish: שטעטל‎, שטאָט‎; Yoruba: ìlú; Yucatec Maya: kaah; Zhuang: cinq
 }}