κάτω

English (LSJ)

Adv., (κατά):    I with Verbs implying Motion, downwards, ἐπισκύνιον κ. ἕλκεται Il.17.136; κ. ὁρόων Od.23.91; κατὰ τείχεος κ. ῥίπτειν Hdt.8.53; κατώρυξέν με κατὰ τῆς γῆς κ. Ar.Pl.238; χώρει κ. A.Pr.74; κ. δάκρυ' εἰβομένη S.Ant.527 (anap.), cf. E.Fr.384; esp. of the nether world, A.Pers.839, S.Ant.197, etc.; κ. βλέπειν, φέρεσθαι, Pl.R.500b, 584e; κ. διεχώρει αὐτοῖς they suffered from diarrhoea, X.An.4.8.20, cf. Hp.Epid.5.20; φάρμακον πῖσαι κ. give a purgative, Id.Aff.32, cf. 15; κ. βοηθεῖν go down to help, D.32.5; for ἄνω καὶ κάτω, ἄνω κάτω, etc., v. ἄνω (B) A. 11.2.    2 downwards, in a chain of causes, ἐπὶ τὸ κ. ἰέναι Arist.Metaph.994a19.    3 c. gen., down from, πετρῶν ὦσαι κ. E.Cyc.448.    II with Verbs implying Rest (so more freq. in Prose), beneath, below, opp. ἄνω, Hes.Th.301, etc.: ὁ τόπος ὁ κ. καλούμενος Pl.Phd.112c.    b in the world below, S.Aj.660, OC1563 (lyr.), etc.; οἱ κ. the dead, Id.Aj.865, Ant.75, etc.; οἱ κ. θεοί Id.El.292, cf. E.Alc.851.    c geographically below, southward, Hdt., v. ἄνω (B) A. 11.1e; also κ. οἰκεῖν to dwell on the coast, Th.1.7; οἱ κ., opp. οἱ τὴν μεσόγειαν κατῳκημένοι, ib.120; ἡ. κ. Γαλατία lower Galatia, Plu Aem.9, etc.; βασιλεὺς τῶν τε ἄνω καὶ τῶν κ. χωρῶν OGI90.3 (Rosetta, ii B.C.).    d in the race-course, τὰ κ. the starting-place, opp. τὰ ἄνω (the goal), Pl.R.613b.    e τὰ κ. τῶν μελῶν the lower limbs of the body, Id.Lg.794d; ἡ κ. κοιλία, opp. ἡ ἄνω, Arist.Mete.360b24.PA676a5; περὶ τὰ κ. χωρεῖν miscarry, fail, Luc. Ind.1.    f of Time, afterwards, later, Ael.VH5.13; οἱ κ. χρόνοι Plu. Cor.25; οἱ κ., opp. οἱ πάλαι, Luc.Hipp.1; τοῦ χρόνου κ. later in time, Ael.VH3.17, NA2.18; Δαρεῖος ὁ κ. ib.6.48; cf. ἄνω (B) A.11.1i.    g in Logic, τὰ κ. the lower members in a descending series of genera and species, Arist.AP0.97a31, Metaph.992a18.    III c. gen., under, below, κ. χθονός, γῆς, A.Eu.1023, S.OT968, etc.    IV Comp. κατωτέρω lower, downwards, Ar.Ra.70, Alex.173.2: c. gen., lower than, below, Hdt.8.132.    2 Sup. κατωτάτω at the lowest part, τὰ κ. Id.2.125 (but in signf. 11.g, Phld.Sign.29).