λόφος

English (LSJ)

ὁ,

   A back of the neck; of a horse, withers, Il.23.508; ὑποζυγίων Dsc.4.185; of a man, nape of the neck, Il.10.573: metaph., ὑπὸ ζυγῷ λόφον ἔχειν have the neck under the yoke, i.e. obey patiently, S. Ant.292; cf. εὔλοφος 11.    II crest of a hill, ridge, Od.11.596, 16.471, Hdt.2.124; so always in Pi., as O.8.17, N.5.46, and in Th.4.124, Pl.Lg.682b.    III crest of a helmet, κυνέην . . ἵππουριν, δεινὸν δὲ λόφος καθύπερθεν ἔνευεν Il.16.138, cf. 6.469, 15.537; λεῦκοι ἴππιοι λ. Alc.15.2; χρύσεος λ. Il.18.612, cf. 19.383; τρεῖς κατασκίους λ. σείει A.Th.384, cf. Ar.Ach.575, 586; λόφων ἐπένευον ἔθειραι Theoc.22.186; of Carian origin acc. to Hdt.1.171; λ. τε σείων Κάρικον Alc.22; λ. ὑακινθοβαφής, on a Persian helmet, X.Cyr.6.4.2; λ. τρίχινοι PSI5.533.7 (iii B.C.); Ar. jeers at the λόφοι of Lamachus, Ach.575, 586, 965 sq., 1074.—Rare in any of these senses in Att. Prose.    2 after Hom., crest or tuft on the head of birds, whether of feathers, as the lark's crest, Simon.68, cf. Arist.HA617b20; or of flesh, as the cock's comb, Ar.Eq.496, Av.1366, Arist.HA486b13, Phld.Rh.2.188 S.: metaph., ῥήματα . . ὀφρῦς ἔχοντα καὶ λόφους Ar.Ra.925.    3 of men, tuft of hair upon the crown, λόφους κείρεσθαι shave so as to leave tufts, Hdt.4.175; Χῖος λ. a tonsure in the middle of the head, Eust.1462.38.    4 of large fishes, = λοφιά, Plu.2.978a.