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ἡμεῖς: Difference between revisions
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: pron. pers.<br />Meaning: [[we]], [[us]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: acc. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: pron. pers.<br />Meaning: [[we]], [[us]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: acc. [[ἡμᾶς]], Ion. [[ἡμέας]], Dor. [[ἁμές]], acc. [[ἁμέ]], Aeol. [[ἄμμες]], acc. [[ἄμμε]]<br />Derivatives: Possessive <b class="b3">ἡμέ-τερος</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">ἁμέ-τερος</b>, [[ἁμός]], Aeol. <b class="b3">ἀμμέ-τερος</b>, [[ἄμμος]] [[our]]. The acc. [[ἁμέ]], [[ἄμμε]] go back on <b class="b3">*ἀσμε</b> (s. below) and gave through adopting nominal inflection the nom. [[ἁμές]], [[ἄμμες]], then also [[ἡμεῖς]] (from <b class="b3">-έες</b>) with the new acc. [[ἡμέας]], and with irregular contraction [[ἡμᾶς]]. Then came the genetives [[ἡμῶν]], [[ἡμέων]], [[ἁμέων]], [[ἀμμέων]]. On the datives [[ἡμῖν]] etc. s. below.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [35] <b class="b2">*ne\/os</b> [[we]]<br />Etymology: The archaic [[ἁμέ]], [[ἄμμε]] < <b class="b3">*ἀσμε</b> agree exactly with Av. [[ahma]] [[us]]; in Skt. <b class="b2">asmā́n</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> it got the nominal ending. Other forms like Skt. [[nas]] (enclitic), Lat. [[nōs]], Goth. [[uns]] < IE <b class="b2">*nōs</b> resp. <b class="b2">*n̥s</b> show for <b class="b3">*ἀσμε</b> = Av. [[ahma]] IE basis with added element <b class="b2">-sme</b>: <b class="b2">*n̥sme</b> < <b class="b2">*n̥s-sme</b>. The spiritus in <b class="b3">ἁμ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἡμ-</b> could be analogical after <b class="b3">ὑμ-</b>. - The dativ [[ἡμῖν]], Dor. [[ἁμιν]], Aeol. <b class="b3">ἄμμι(ν</b>) from <b class="b3">*ἀσμι(ν</b>) recalls the Indo-Iranian demonstratives and interrogatives Av. [[ahmi]], <b class="b2">ásmin</b> [[in eo]], Av. [[kahmi]], Skt. <b class="b2">kásmin</b> <b class="b2">in quo?</b>; cf Cret. <b class="b3">ὅτι-μι</b>, <b class="b3">μήδι-μι</b>. The long <b class="b3">-ῖν</b> is an innovation (after the longvowel endings in <b class="b3">ἡμ-ῶν</b>, <b class="b3">-εῖς</b> etc.?). - Greek like Latin and Celtic lost the specific nominative for [[we]], Goth. [[weis]], Hitt. <b class="b2">u̯ēš</b>, Skt. <b class="b2">vay-ám</b> etc. and used the acc. - Details Schwyzer 600ff. | ||
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