τεῖχος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=εος, τό,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[wall]], esp. [[city wall]], Ἰλιόφι κλυτὰ τείχεα Il.21.295, cf. 446, Od.6.9, al.; of the [[embankment]] round the [[ship]]s, [[τάφρος]] Δαναῶν καὶ τ. ὕπερθεν Il.12.4, cf. 25 sqq.; <b class="b3">τεῖχος ἐς ἀμφίχυτον</b> (of heaped-up earth) 20.145; <b class="b3">Κιμμέρια τείχη</b> [[earthworks]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.12; but τείχη λάϊνα E.''Tr.''1087 (lyr.), cf. Th.1.93, etc.; λίθοις οὓς ἔλιπον εἰς τὸ τεῖχος ἀναλίσκοντες ''IG''12.81.9; <b class="b3">ξύλινον τεῖχος</b> exceptionally, Orac. ap. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.141, cf. 8.51, 9.65, Th.2.75, X.''HG''1.3.4, Orac. ap. [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''1040 (Pi. uses this phrase for a [[funeral pile]], P.3.38); τεῖχος χάλκεον Od.10.3; <b class="b3">τεῖχος σιδηροῦν, τείχη χαλκᾶ καὶ ἀδαμάντινα</b>, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''1046, Aeschin.3.84; <b class="b3">τειχέων κιθῶνες</b> [[coat]]s [[of walls]], i.e. walls one within the other, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.139; <b class="b3">τεῖχος ἐλαύνειν</b>, v. [[ἐλαύνω]] III.2; τ. ἔδειμαν Il.7.436; [[οἰκοδομέειν]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 1.98, cf. Ar.''Av.''1132, etc. (<b class="b3">τείχη οἰκοδομήσασθαι</b> to [[build]] oneself [[walls]], Th.7.11); τείχη [[ἄξειν]] Id.6.99; τὰ τείχη στῆσαι D.20.74; τείχη περιβάλλειν ταῖς πόλεσι Arist.''Pol.''1331a3; <b class="b3">τείχη περιβαλέσθαι</b> [[build]] [[walls]] [[round]] one's [[city]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.141, cf. Th.1.8, etc. (also [[τείχη]] περιβαλέσθαι τὴν πόλιν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.163:—hence Pass., <b class="b3">τεῖχος περιβεβλημένος</b> having a [[wall]] round it, Pl.''Tht.''174e; <b class="b3">τείχη περιβεβλημένοι</b>, of [[citizen]]s, Arist.''Pol.'' 1331a8); but also <b class="b3">νῆσον περιβάλλεσθαι τείχει</b> [[surround]] one's [[island]] with [[walls]], Pl.''Criti.''116a; <b class="b3">τεῖχος ῥήξασθαι</b> [[breach]] the [[wall]], Il.12.90, cf.257; τεῖχος ἀναρρήξας 7.461; so in Prose, τεῖχος [[διαιρεῖν]], [[περιαιρέειν]], [[κατελεῖν]] κατασκάψαι, etc., Th.2.75, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.46,48, Th.4.109, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[τὰ μακρὰ τείχη]], at Athens, lines of wall connecting the city-wall (ὁ [[περίβολος]]) and the [[harbour]]s, Th.2.13; they were called respectively <b class="b3">τὸ βόρειον</b> or [[Peiraic]], and <b class="b3">τὸ νότιον</b> or Phaleric wall ([[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 439e, Aeschin. 2.173, 174), cf. [[σκέλος]] ΙΙ: an [[intermediate]] [[wall]] (<b class="b3">τὸ διὰ μέσου τεῖχος</b> [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 455e) ran parallel to the northern, which was therefore called also <b class="b3">τὸ ἔξωθεν</b>, Th.2.13: the quarter inside the walls is sometimes called [[τὸ μακρὸν τεῖχος]] = [[Long Wall]], And.1.45.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[fortification]], [[castle]], [[fort]], Pi.''Fr.''213, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.14,91, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[walled]], [[fortified town]] or [[city]], Id.9.41,115, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.5.13, etc.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[wall]] of a [[temple]], ''PEleph.''20.52 (iii B.C.); of a [[house]], ''PHamb.''15.8 (iii A.D.), ''PStrassb.'' 9.8 (iv A.D.), etc. (Cf. Skt. dehmi '[[anoint]], [[smear]], [[plaster]]', Goth. digan '[[mould]], [[create]] (= [[πλάσσω]])', daigs '[[dough]]', Lat. [[fingo]], [[figura]], Osc. feihúss 'walls', etc.)