πάθος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], εος, τό, ([[πάσχω]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[that]] [[which]] [[happen]]s to a person or thing, <b class="b3">τὰ ἐν τοῖς κατόπτροις τῆς ὄψεως πάθος</b> [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''193c; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐν τῷ ἀνθρωπίνῳ βίῳ [τῆς ψυχῆς] πάθος</b> Id.''R.''612a; [[incident]], [[accident]], <b class="b3">τὰ ἀνθρωπήϊα πάθη</b> [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.4; <b class="b3">τὸ συντυχὸν πάθος</b> [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''313; <b class="b3">οὗ τόδ' ἦν πάθος</b> where this [[incident]] took place, Id.''OT''732; <b class="b3">ἔξωθεν πάθος</b> [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 381a; [[unfortunate]] [[accident]], Antipho 3.4.10.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[what one has experienced]], [[good]] or [[bad]], [[experience]], τὸν πάθει μάθος θέντα κυρίως ἔχειν A.''Ag.''177 (lyr.); <b class="b3">τά γ' ἐμὰ πάθος</b> my [[experience]]s, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 96a; τὸ δρᾶμα τοῦ πάθους πλέον A.''Ag.''533; opp. [[ἔργα]], Pl. ''Phdr.''245c, Arist.''Cael.''298a28; opp. [[πρᾶξις]], Pl.''Lg.''876d; ἤθη καὶ πάθος καὶ πράξεις Arist.''Po.''1447a28.<br><span class="bld">b</span> in bad sense, [[misfortune]], [[calamity]], A.''Pr.''703, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.91, Lys.32.10, etc.; οὐλίῳ σὺν πάθει [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''932 (lyr.); <b class="b3">τὰ τῆς Νιόβης πάθη</b> [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 380a, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀνήκεστον πάθος ἔρδειν</b> to do an [[act]] which is an [[irreparable]] [[mischief]] to one, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.137; <b class="b3">μετὰ τῆς θυγατρὸς τὸ πάθος</b>, i.e. her [[death]], Id.2.133; <b class="b3">πάθος μέγα πεπονθέναι</b>, of a great [[defeat]], Id.3.147, cf. 5.87, al.<br><span class="bld">c</span> = [[πάθημα]] ΙΙ.2, Arist. ''GA''738a16, 750a30, Gal.10.91.<br><span class="bld">II</span> of the soul, [[emotion]], [[passion]] (λέγω δὲ πάθη… ὅλως οἷς ἕπεται ἡδονὴ ἢ λύπη [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1105b21), σοφίη ψυχὴν παθῶν ἀφαιρεῖται Democr.31; διὰ πάθους Th.3.84; <b class="b3">ἐρωτικὸν πάθος</b> [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''265b; <b class="b3">πάθος ποιεῖν</b> to excite [[passion]], Arist.''Rh.''1418a12; ἐν πάθος εἶναι Id.''Pol.''1287b3; <b class="b3">ἐκτὸς τοῦ πάθος εἶναι</b> to be [[exempt]] from [[passion]], Teles p.56 H.; ἔξω τῶν παθῶν [[γίγνεσθαι]] D.C.60.3; <b class="b3">περὶ παθῶν</b>, title of work by Zeno the Stoic, D.L.7.4; in Epicur., [[sensation]] (including [[pleasure]] and [[pain]]), <b class="b3">ἀκουστικὸν πάθος</b> ''Ep.''1p.13U., cf. p.19 U. (pl.); <b class="b3">ὡς κανόνι τῷ πάθει πᾶν ἀγαθὸν κρίνοντες</b> ib.3p.63U.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[state]], [[condition]], <b class="b3">τὸ τῆς παντοδαπῆς ἀγνοίας πάθος</b> Pl.''Sph.''228e, cf. 243c, ''Plt.''277d, ''Ap.''22c; opp. [[ἐνέργεια]], A.D.''Synt.''12.17; opp. [[ποίημα]], Pl.''Sph.''248d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[incident]]s of things, [[change]]s or [[happening]]s occurring in them, <b class="b3">τὰ οὐράνια πάθη</b> Pl.''Hp.Ma.'' 285c; <b class="b3">τὰ περὶ τὸν οὐρανὸν πάθη</b> Id.''Phd.''96c; τὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πάθος καὶ μέρη [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''986a5; πάθος τοῦτο, ὃ καλεῖν εἰώθαμεν σεισμόν Id.''Mu.''395b36.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[properties]], [[qualities]] of things, opp. [[οὐσία]], Pl.''Eu[[Theophrastus]] ''11a; <b class="b3">πάθος λέγεται… ποιότης καθ' ἣν ἀλλοιοῦσθαι ἐνδέχεται, οἷον τὸ λευκὸν καὶ τὸ μέλαν, καὶ γλυκὺ καὶ πικρόν, καὶ βαρύτης καὶ κουφότης, κτλ</b>. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''1022b15; <b class="b3">τῶν ἀριθμῶν πάθος</b> ib.985b29; <b class="b3">ἀριθμοῖς καὶ γραμμαῖς καὶ τοῖς τούτων πάθος</b> Iamb.''Comm.Math.''23; γεωμετρία περὶ τὰ συμβεβηκότα πάθη τοῖς μεγέθεσι Arist.''Rh.''1355b31, cf. ''APo.''75b1; <b class="b3">τῶν φυτῶν τὰ μέρη καὶ τὰ πάθη</b> [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 1.1.1; <b class="b3">αἱ δυνάμεις καὶ τὰ πάθη</b> ib.8.4.2.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Gramm., [[modification]] in [[form]] of words (esp. [[dialectal]]), πάθη τῆς λέξεως Arist.''Rh.''1460b12, cf. A.D.''Pron.''38.24, al.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in Syntax, [[modified]] [[construction]], of [[omission]] or [[redundancy]], Id.''Synt.''6.15, 267.8.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[passivity]], D.T.637.30, A.D.''Synt.''12.17, al.<br><span class="bld">c</span> in writing, signs other than [[accent]]s and [[breathing]]s ([[ἀπόστροφος]], [[ὑφέν]], [[ὑποδιαστολή]]), D.T.''Supp.''1p.107U.<br><span class="bld">V</span> Rhet., [[emotional]] [[style]] or [[treatment]], <b class="b3">τὸ σφοδρὸν καὶ ἐνθουσιαστικὸν πάθος</b> Longin.8.1; πάθος [[ποιεῖν]] Arist. ''Rh.''1418a12; πράγματα πάθος ἔχοντα Plu.2.711e, etc.: pl., πάθη διεστῶτα ὕψους Longin.8.2.