πονηρός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=πονηρά, πονηρόν, in physical sense,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[oppressed by toils]], [[πονηρότατος]] καὶ [[ἄριστος]], of [[Heracles]], Hes.''Frr.''138,139.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of things, [[toilsome]], [[painful]], [[grievous]], ἔργα Hom.''Epigr.''14.20; νούσων πονηρότερον Thgn. 274; φορτίον Ar.''Pl.''352.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[in bad case]], [[in sorry plight]], [[useless]], [[good-for-nothing]], [[σύμμαχος|σύμμαχοι]] ib.220, cf. ''Nu.''102; [[στράτευμα]] X.''An.''3.4.34; [[ἰατρός]] Antipho 4.2.4 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] for [[μοχθηρός]]) ; [[κύων]], [[ἱππάριον]], Pl. ''Euthd.''298d, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.4.19; [[δίαιτα]], [[τροφή]], [[σιτία]], [[injurious]], Pl.''R.''425e, ''Lg.''735b, ''Grg.''464d, etc.; πονηρὰ [[ἕξις]] σώματος Id.''Ti.''86e; <b class="b3">π. σῶμα</b>, opp. [[χρηστόν]], Id.''Prt.''313a, cf.''R.''341e; [[πονηρὰ σκώμματα]] [[sorry]] [[jest]]s, Ar.''Nu.''542; π. [[βούλευμα]] Id.''Lys.''517 (Comp.); [[πονηρὰ πράγματα]] a [[bad state of things]], Th.8.97, cf. 24; <b class="b3">πονηρὰ ἀρχὴ τῆς παιδείας</b> a [[bad beginning]], Aeschin.1.11; π. τὴν [[ναυτιλία]]ν ναυτίλλεσθαι Pl.''R.''551c; π. πολιτεία Arist.''Pol.'' 1294b38. Adv., [[πονηρῶς ἔχειν]] to [[be in bad case]], Th.7.83, etc.; ἂ πονηρῶς ἔχει τῶν πραγμάτων Lys.14.35; πονηρῶς [[διακεῖσθαι]], πονηρῶς διατεθῆναι, Isoc. 19.12, D.59.55.<br><span class="bld">III</span> in moral sense, [[worthless]], [[knavish]], [[φήμη]], [[βίος]], [[ζόη]], A.''Ch.''1045, ''Frr.''90,401, etc.; οὐδεὶς ἑκὼν πονηρός = no one is [[willingly]] [[evil]] Epich.78; πονηρὸν [[ἦθος]] Democr.192; <b class="b3">πονηρὸς… κἀκ πονηρῶν</b> [[rogue]] and son of rogues, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]'' 336-7; <b class="b3">ὦ πόνῳ πονηρέ</b> in a comic [[jingle]], Id.''V.''466, cf. ''Lys.''350; [[πονηρὸς πόρρω τέχνης]] = [[past master in knavery]], Id.''V.''192; π. τοῖς φίλοις [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.4.33; πρὸς ἀλλήλους Id.''An.''7.1.39; π. λόγων ἀκρίβεια Antipho 3.3.3; πονηρότεροι σύμβουλοι Id.5.71; <b class="b3">π. [ῥῆμα]</b> [[malicious]], Ev.Matt.5.11; [[τὰ πονηρά]] [[wickednesses]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.2.25; πονηρὰ δρᾶσαι [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Hecuba|Hec.]]''1190; [[τὸ πονηρόν]] [[LXX]] ''De.''17.2; [[δόλῳ πονηρῷ]], Lat. [[dolo malo]], ''SIG''693.6 (Methymna, ii B.C.); [[ὁ πονηρός]] = the [[evil one]], Ev.Matt.13.19; π. δαίμων ''PLips.''34.8 (iv A.D.), etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[base]], [[cowardly]], S.''Ph.''437, etc.; <b class="b3">πονηρὰ χρώματα</b>, i.e. the [[coward]]'s [[hue]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''5.2.34 (interpol.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> with a political connotation, [[of the baser sort]], [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Supplices|Supp.]]''424; οἱ λεγόμενοι πονηροί Pl.''R.''519a; opp. [[καλὸς κἀγαθός|καλοὶ κἀγαθοί]], Isoc.15.100,316, cf. [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''186.—On the variation of accent, [[πονηρός]] and [[πόνηρος]], v. [[μοχθηρός]] fin.