χείρ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, χειρός, χειρί, χεῖρα, dual [[χεῖρε]], [[χεροῖν]], pl. [[χεῖρες]], [[χερῶν]], [[χεῖρας]], penultimate being regularly short, when the ult. is long; dat. pl. regularly [[χερσί]] ([[χειρσί]] occurs in cod.Vat. of LXX, as ''Jd.''7.19, ''1 Ch.''5.10, and late Inscrr. as ''CIG''2811<br><span class="bld">A</span> b.10 (Aphrodisias), 2942c (Tralles): but Poets used the penultimate long or short in all cases, as the verse required, <b class="b3">χερός, χερί, χέρα, χέρε, χέρες, χέρας</b> (of which Hom. uses only χερί; χέρα ''h.Pan.''40); gen. dual χειροῖν S.''El.''206 (lyr.), 1394 (lyr.), ''IG''22.1498.76; gen. pl. [[χειρῶν]] ib.31, common in Prose.—Poet. forms, dat. pl. [[χείρεσι]] (ν) once in Hom., Il.20.468, also Q.S.2.401, 5.469 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]); χείρεσσι Il.12.382, Pi.''O.''10(11).62, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]'' 976 (lyr.), 1297 (lyr.), and once in trim., [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''756; [[χέρεσσι]] (ν) Hes.''Th.''519, 747, B.17.49; χερέεσσιν ''AJA''36.460 (Galatia):—Dor. nom. χέρς Timocr.9; χήρ Sophr. in ''PSI''11.1214a3 (also, = [[δίψακος]], Ps.-Dsc.3.11); gen. χηρός Alcm.32, ''IG''42(1).121.22 (Epid., iv B. C.); acc. pl. [[χῆρας]] ib.96, Aeol. [[χέρρας]] Alc.''Supp.''4.21, Theoc.28.9.—On the accent and declension of these forms, v. Hdn.Gr.2.277,748:—the [[hand]], whether [[closed]], παχεῖα Il.3.376; βαρεῖα 11.235, al.; or [[open]], [[flat]], <b class="b3">χερσὶ καταπρηνέσσι, χειρὶ καταπρηνεῖ</b>, 15.114, Od.13.164, al.; εἰς τὴν χ. ἐγχεάμενοί τι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.3.9: freq. in plural where a single [[hand]] is meant, Il.23.384, etc.; reversely, sg. where more than one [[hand]] is spoken of, e.g. Od.3.37, etc.; dual joined with pl., ἄμφω χεῖρας 8.135; χεῖρε ἀμφοτέρας Il.21.115.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[hand and arm]], [[arm]] (cf. Ruf.''Onom.''11,82, Gal.2.347), πῆχυν χειρὸς δεξιτερῆς Il.21.166; κατὰ χεῖρα μέσην ἀγκῶνος ἔνερθε 11.252; χεῖρες ἀπ' ὤμων ἀΐσσοντο Hes.''Th.''150; χ. εἰς ὤμους γυμναί Longus 1.4; <b class="b3">ἐν χερσὶ γυναικῶν πεσέειν</b> [[into the arms]], Il.6.81, etc.: hence, words are added to denote the [[hand]] as distinct from the [[arm]], ἄκρην οὔτασε χεῖρα 5.336; περὶ ἄκραις ταῖς χ. χειρῖδας ἔχουσι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.8.17, cf. Pl. ''Prt.''352a.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of the [[hand]] or [[paw]] of animals, ὅσα [ζῷα] χεῖρας ἔχει [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''1.4.14; [[πορεύεσθαι ἐπὶ χειρῶν]] = [[go on all fours]]. [[LXX]] ''Le.''11.27; so of monkeys, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''502b3; of the [[fore-paws]] of the hyena, Id.''Fr.''369; of the bear, Plu.2.919a.<br><span class="bld">II</span> Special usages:<br><span class="bld">1</span> to denote position, [[ποτέρας τῆς χερός]]; = [[on which hand]]? E.''Cyc.''681; ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρός Pi.''P.''6.19; ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ χειρός Od.5.277; χειρὸς εἰς τὰ δεξιά [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''598; λαιᾶς χειρός [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''714 (but [[χείρ]] is often omitted with [[δεξιά]], [[ἀριστερά]], as we say [[the right]], [[the left]]).<br><span class="bld">2</span> freq. in dat. of all numbers with Verbs which imply the use of hands, <b class="b3">λάβε χειρί, χερσὶν ἑλέσθαι</b>, Il.5.302, 10.501; χερσὶν ἀσπάζεσθαι Od.3.35; προκαλίζεσθαι 18.20; <b class="b3">χειρί, χεροῖν ψαῦσαι</b>, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1510, 1466: sometimes this dat. is added pleon. by way of emphasis, ὄνυξι συλλαβὼν χερί Id.''Aj.''310.<br><span class="bld">3</span> gen., [[by the hand]], χειρὸς ἔχειν τινά Il.4.154; χειρὸς ἑλών 1.323, etc.; <b class="b3">γέροντα δὲ χειρὸς ἀνίστη</b> he raised him [[by the hand]], 24.515, cf. Od.14.319; χερὶ χειρὸς ἑλών Pi.''P.''9.122; τινὰ χειρός ἑλκειν Id.''N.''11.32; ἀνέλκειν τινὰ τῆς χ. Ar.''V.''569 (anap.).<br><span class="bld">4</span> the acc. is used when one takes the [[hand]] of a person, χεῖρα γέροντος ἑλών Il. 24.361; χεῖρ' ἕλε δεξιτερήν Od.1.121; <b class="b3">χεῖράς τ' ἀλλήλων λαβέτην</b>, in pledge of good faith, Il.6.233; so ἔμβαλλε χ. δεξιὰν πρώτιστά μοι S.''Tr.''1181; also [[ἔμβαλλε]] χειρὸς πίστιν Id.''Ph.''813, cf. ''OC''1632.<br><span class="bld">5</span> other uses of the acc.:<br><span class="bld">a</span> in prayer or entreaty, <b class="b3">χεῖρας ἀνασχεῖν [θεοῖς]</b> Il.3.275, etc.; ποτὶ γούνασι χεῖρας βάλλειν Od.6.310; ἀμφὶ . . Ἀρήτης βάλε γούνασι χεῖρας Ὀδυσσεύς 7.142; ἀμφὶ δὲ χεῖρας δειρῇ βάλλ' Ὀδυσῆϊ 23.207; ἀμφί τινι χεῖρε β. 21.223; περίβαλε δὲ χέρας Ar.''Th.''914, cf. A.''Ag.''1559 (anap.); χεῖρας [[προΐσχεσθαι]] Th.3.58, 66; so also [[χεῖρας]] ἀείρων Od.11.423, cf. Il.7.130 (tm.); [[χεῖρας ἀνατείνειν]] (v. [[ἀνατείνω]] 1.1).<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[τὰς χεῖρας αἴρειν]] to [[hold up hands]] in token of [[assent]] or [[choice]], of persons [[voting]], Ar.''Ec.''264; τὴν χ. αἴρειν And.3.41; ὅτῳ δοκεῖ ταῦτα, ἀράτω τὴν χ. X.''An.''5.6.33, cf. 7.3.6; <b class="b3">ἀνατεινάτω τὴν χ.</b> ib.3.2.9, 33; χεῖρας ὀρεγνύς Il.22.37; χεῖρ' ὀρέγων εἰς οὐρανόν 15.371; χεῖρας ὀ. τινί Od.12.257; πρός τινα Pi. ''P.''4.240; ποτὶ στόμα χεῖρ' ὀρέγεσθαι Il.24.506 (but <b class="b3">χεῖρά τισι ὀ.</b> to [[reach]] them one's [[hand]] in help, X.''HG''5.2.17); also [[χεῖρε]] ἑτάροισι πετάσσας Il.4.523, etc.; πιτνὰς εἰς ἐμὲ χεῖρας Od.11.392 (but <b class="b3">χεῖρε πετάσσας</b> abs., of one [[swimming]], etc., 5.374, al.).<br><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">[Ἰλίου] χεῖρα ἑὴν ὑπερέσχε</b> held the [[hand]] over<br><span class="bld">I</span> as a [[protector]], Il.9.420, etc.: less freq. τισι, 4.249, cf. 5.433; χεῖρά θ' ὕπερθεν ἔχεις ''IG''14.1003.10 (Rome).<br><span class="bld">d</span> in hostile sense, [[χεῖρας]] or <b class="b3">χεῖρα ἐπιφέρειν τινί</b>, Il.1.89, 19.261, al.; χεῖρας ἐφιέναι τινί 1.567, Od.1.254, al.; χεῖρας ἐπιβάλλειν τισί Plb.3.2.8, etc.; χέρα τινὶ προσενεγκεῖν Pi.''P.''9.36; <b class="b3">χεῖρας ἐπί τινι ἰάλλειν</b>, v. [[ἰάλλω]] 1.1.<br><span class="bld">e</span> [[χεῖρας ἀπέχειν]] = [[keep hands off]], λοιμοῖο βαρείας χεῖρας ἀφέξει Il.1.97 codd.; κερτομίας δέ τοι . . καὶ χεῖρας ἀφέξω . . μνηστήρων Od.20.263; ἀθανάτων ἀπέχειν χέρας A.''Eu.''350 (lyr.); τὼ χεῖρε ἀπέχεται Pl.''Smp.''213d; παύειν χεῖράς τινος Il.21.294.<br><span class="bld">f</span> <b class="b3">χεῖρας ἐπιτιθέναι τινί</b>, in token of [[consecration]], ''1 Ep.Ti.''5.22, etc.<br><span class="bld">6</span> with Preps.:<br><span class="bld">a</span> [[ἀνὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν τινάς]] to [[be intimate with]]... Plb.21.6.5; αἱ ἀνὰ χεῖρά τινων ὁμιλίαι S.E.''M.''1.64; [[τὰ ἀνὰ χεῖρα πράγματα]] = [[the matters in hand]], Plu.2.614b, etc. (also [[οἱ ἀνὰ χεῖρα χρόνοι]] the [[current]] [[period]], ''PRyl.''88.21 (ii A. D.); [[τὰ ἀνὰ χεῖρα]] = [[what comes his way]], Ps.-Ptol.''Centil.''18; <b class="b3">ἀνὰ χεῖρα τῆς πύλης</b> [[hard by]]... [[LXX]] ''2 Ki.''15.2.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[ἀπὸ χειρὸς λογίσασθαι]] = to [[reckon]] [[off-hand]], [[roughly]], Ar.''V.''656 (anap.), cf. Luc.''Hist.Conscr.''29: but <b class="b3">πότισον τὴν γῆν ἀπὸ χειρός</b> by [[hand]], PCair.Zen.155 (iii B. C.).<br><span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">διὰ χερῶν ἔχειν, διὰ χερῶν λαβεῖν</b>, literally, to [[have]] or [[take]] [[between the hands]], A.''Supp.''193, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''916; [[διὰ χειρὸς ἔχειν]] to [[hold in the hand]], ib.1258 (anap.), Ar.''V.''597 (anap.); to have [[in hand]], i.e. [[under control]], Th.2.76; διὰ χειρῶν ἔχειν τὴν πολιτείαν [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Politica|Pol.]]''1308a27; <b class="b3">τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων</b> [[keep under control]], Th.2.13: later, to [[have a work in hand]], [[be engaged in]] it, Phld.''Acad.Ind.''p.69M. ([[χερός]]), D.H.''Isoc.''4; τὰ ὅπλα Plu.''Cor.''2, etc. (also [[διὰ χειρός]] = [[by direct payment]], opp. [[διὰ τῆς τραπέζης]] = [[by banker's order]], ''BGU''1156.8 (i B. C.), etc.; cf. διὰ χειρὸς ἔσπευδε τὴν πρᾶσιν Charito 1.12); of arms, διὰ χειρὸς εἶναι Luc.''Anach.''35; <b class="b3">διὰ χειρὸς ἔχειν</b>, c. part., to [[be continually doing]], Plu.2.767c; διὰ χειρός τινος ποιεῖν τι [[LXX]] ''Jo.''17.4, al., cf. ''Act.Ap.''7.25, al.<br><span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">ἐς χεῖρας λαβεῖν τι</b> literally, S.''El.''1120, etc.; to [[take a matter in hand]], [[undertake]] it, πρᾶγμ' ἐς χέρας λαβόντ' [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Hecuba|Hec.]]''1242; ἄγεσθαί τι ἐς χεῖρας [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.126, 4.79, etc.; <b class="b3">δοῦναί τινι ἐς χέρας, εἰς χεῖρα</b>, S.''El.''1348, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.8.22; καταστῆσαι εἰς τὰς χ. τινος Aeschin.2.28; of persons, [[ἵκεο χεῖρας ἐς ἁμάς]] = [[thou hast fallen into our hands]], Il.10.448 (in Hom. also simply ὅ τι χεῖρας ἵκοιτο Od.12.331, cf. 24.172); so εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τινι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.4.10, cf. 2.4.15: generally, to have to do with any one, [[converse]] with him, Id.''An.''1.2.26 (so ἐς χεῖρα γῇ ξυνῆψαν E.''Heracl.''429): most freq. [[ἐς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τισι]] to [[come to blows]] or [[come to close quarters]] with... A.''Th.''680; ἀλλήλοις Th.7.44: abs., εἰς χ. ἐλθεῖν Id.4.96; ἐς χ. ἰέναι Id.2.3, 4.72, cf. ''PTeb.''765.6 (ii B. C.); [[συνιέναι]] [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.8.22; also <b class="b3">ἐς χειρῶν νόμον</b> (fort. [[νομόν]]) ἀπικέσθαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.48; <b class="b3">ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ</b> (fort. [[νομῷ]]) ἀπόλλυσθαι Id.8.89, cf. Aeschin.1.5, ''SIG''167.37 (Mylasa, iv B. C.), Heraclid.''Pol.''25, Plb.1.34.5, 5.111.6; ἐν <b class="b3">χειρὸς νόμῳ</b> [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Politica|Pol.]]''1285a10, D.H.6.26; ἐν χειρῶν νομαῖς ''SIG''700.29 (Lete, ii B.C.), [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in [[LXX]] ''3 Ma.''1.5; <b class="b3">ἐν χεροῖν δίκῃ</b> cj. in ''E.Ba.''738; εἰς χεῖρας συμμεῖξαι τοῖς πολεμίοις [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.1.11; also [[εἰς χεῖρας δέχεσθαί τινας]] to [[await their charge]], Id.''An.''4.3.31; ἐς χ. ὑπομεῖναί τινας Th. 5.72.<br><span class="bld">e</span> [[ἐκ χειρός]] = [[by hand of man]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''27: from [[near at hand]], [[at close range]], ἐκ χειρὸς [[βάλλειν]] X.''An.''3.3.15; [[ἀμύνασθαι]] ib.5.4.25; [[μάχεσθαι]] Id.''HG''7.2.14, cf. [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]19.6; πληγὰς ἐκ χ. ἀναδέξασθαι Plu. [[tim]].4; οὐ μὴ σωθῇ ἐκ χ. σιδήρου [[LXX]] ''Jb.''20.24; [[ἡ ἐκ χειρὸς δίκη]] = [[lynch]] [[law]], D.H.4.37; ἡ ἐκ χειρὸς βία Plb.9.4.6: metaph., [[ἡ ἐκ χειρὸς θεωρία]] = [[close]]-[[range]] [[reading]], D.H.''Isoc.''2; so of time, [[out of hand]], [[off-hand]], [[forthwith]], Plb.5.41.7, al.<br><span class="bld">f</span> δέπας μητρὶ ἐν χειρὶ τίθει Il.1.585, cf. Od.13.57, 15.120, al. (always so of a cup, hence <b class="b3">ἐν χερσὶ τίθει δέπας</b>, though found in most codd., was condemned by the critics in Il.l.c., Od.3.51, 15.130); πρεσβήϊον ἐν χερὶ θήσω Il.8.289; <b class="b3">τόξον, ἔγχος ἔχων ἐν χειρί</b>, 15.443, 17.604; σκῆπτρον δέ οἱ ἔμβαλε χειρί Od.2.37; but ἐν . . χειρὶ [[σκῆπτρον]] ἔθηκεν Il.23.568; of a gift, ἐν χερσὶ τίθει 1.441, 446; <b class="b3">ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχειν</b>, literally, Pl.''R.''432d; τὰ ὅπλ' ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχων D.9.8, etc. (metaph., ἔτι μεμνημένων ὑμῶν καὶ μόνον οὐκ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ἕκαστ' ἐχόντων Id.18.226); but [[ἐν χερσὶν ἔχειν]] also, to [[have in hand]], [[be engaged in]], τὸν γάμον [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.35; ἑορτήν Plu.''Alex.''13; τὴν περὶ Δημοσθένους πραγματείαν D.H.''Th.''1; ἐν χειρί τινα δίκην ἔχων [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]'' 172e; [[ὁ ἐν χερσὶ πόλεμος]] = the [[war]] [[in hand]], D.H.8.87; <b class="b3">περιτειχισμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ὤν</b> ib.21; ἡ ἐν χ. ζήτησις S.E.''M.''11.208, etc.; freq. of [[fighting]], [[ἐν χερσί]] = [[hand to hand]], ἐν χ. ἦν ἡ μάχη Th.4.43; ἐν χ. ἀποκτεῖναι Id.3.66, cf. 4.57,96, etc.; ἐν χ. γίγνεσθαι τοῖς ἐναντίοις Id.5.72; ἐν χ. εἶναί τινος X.''HG''4.6.11; δίκη ἐν χερσί Hes.''Op.''192; ὁ ψόφος τῶν ὅπλων καὶ τῶν ἵππων ὁ φρυαγμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ἐδόκει εἶναι [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]19.31; ἡ ἐν χερσὶν [δυστυχία] Plu.''Cleom.''22: also in dual, τἀν χεροῖν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''1345 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐν χειρί τινος</b> [[by the hand]] of... [[LXX]] ''Jo.''21.2, al.; ἐν χ. ἀγγέλου ''Act.Ap.''7.35 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]).<br><span class="bld">g</span> <b class="b3">ἐπὶ χειρὸς ἔχειν</b> [[on one's hand]] or [[in one's hand]], Thgn.490; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ χεῖράς τινων ἐκφέρουσι</b> [[put into their hands]], Plu.2.815b; also <b class="b3">ἐπὶ χεῖρά τινος</b> [[next]] to, [[LXX]] ''Ne.''3.4.<br><span class="bld">h</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ χειρός</b>, of washing the hands before meals, <b class="b3">ὕδωρ κατὰ χειρός</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">φερέτω τις</b>), Ar.''V.''1216, cf.''Av.''464 (anap.), ''Fr.''502 (lyr.), Philox. 1, Ath.9.408e; (without [[ὕδωρ]]) κατὰ χ. ἐδόθη Alex.261.2, cf. Arched. 2.3: [[proverb|prov.]] [[of that which is easily come by]], Telecl.1.2 (anap.); πάντα μοι κατὰ χειρῶν ἦν τὰ πράγματα [[at hand]], Pherecr.146.5; also [[κατὰ χειρῶν δοῦναι]], [[κατὰ χειρῶν χέειν]], [[κατὰ χειρῶν λαβεῖν]], Philyll.3, Antiph.287 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]), Men.470 (troch.), cf. Phot.s.v. [[κατὰ χειρὸς ὕδωρ]]: <b class="b3">κατὰ χεῖρα</b> in [[deed]] or [[act]], κατὰ χ. γενναιότατοι D.H.7.6; opp. [[συνέσει]], Plu.''Phil.''7; [[κατὰ χεῖρά σου]] = [[according to thy will]], [[LXX]] ''Si.''25.26: but <b class="b3">κατὰ χεῖρας [τῆς σοφίας]</b> by her [[side]], ib.14.25.<br><span class="bld">i</span> <b class="b3">μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχειν</b> [[between]], i.e. in, the [[hand]]s, Il.11.4, 15.717; [ἄλεισον] μετὰ χ. ἐνώμα Od.22.10: [[μετὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν]] to [[have in hand]], [[be engaged in]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.16.β, Th.1.138.<br><span class="bld">k</span> [[λάβε παρὰ χεῖρα]] = [[take in hand]], [[LXX]] ''To.'' 11.4; but [[τὸ πὰρ χειρός]] = [[the work in hand]], B.13.10.<br><span class="bld">l</span> [[πρὸ χειρῶν]] = [[close before one]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''1279, E.''Tr.''1207 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]), ''Rh.''274; <b class="b3">πρὸ χειρὸς εἶναι</b> cj. in Pl.Com.69.5.<br><span class="bld">m</span> <b class="b3">πρὸς χειρός τινος</b> [[by his hand]], A.''Supp.''66 (lyr.), etc.; [[πρὸς ἐμὴν χεῖρα]] = [[at the signs given by my hand]], S.''Ph.''148 (anap.); <b class="b3">πρὸς χεῖρα ὑποβορβορύζοντες</b> on [[pressure]], Hp.''Epid.''4.7.<br><span class="bld">n</span> <b class="b3">ὑπὸ χερσὶ ἁλοῦσα</b> [[under]], i.e. [[by]], another's hands, Il.2.374, etc.; [[ὑπὸ χεῖρα ποιεῖσθαι]] = to [[bring under one's power]], X.''Ages.''1.22; <b class="b3">οἱ ὑπὸ χ.</b> persons [[in one's power]], D.6.34; [[ὑπὸ τὴν χεῖρα ἐλθεῖν]] to [[come into one's hand]], Luc.''Herm.''57, etc.; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ χ.</b> in [[hand]], i.e. in [[stock]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Meteorologica|Mete.]]''369b33; but also, [[at hand]], i.e. [[at once]], Plu.2.548e; <b class="b3">τὰ ὑπὸ χ.</b> ib.56b, Dsc.1.35; <b class="b3">ὁ ὑπὸ χ.</b> the [[attendant]], Dsc.5.75; [[παρέργως]] καὶ ὑπὸ χ. [[extempore]], Plu.''Arat.''3, etc.; also <b class="b3">καθύπο χεῖρα κινῶν [τὰς οὐσίας]</b>, in Alchemy, Ps.-Democr. p.51 B.<br><span class="bld">III</span> the [[hand]] often receives the [[attribute]]s of the [[person]] using it, <b class="b3">χ. μεγάλη</b>, of [[Zeus]], Il.15.695 (χ. [[παγκρατής]], of [[God]], [[Secundus|Secund.]]''[[Sententiae|Sent.]]''3; <b class="b3">χ. ὑπερμήκης</b>, of the 'long [[arm]]' of the king, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.140.β'); <b class="b3">θοὴ χ.</b>, of one throwing, Il.12.306; ἀφνειά Pi.''O.''7.1, cf. S.''El.'' 458; [[εὐσεβεστέρα]], [[εὐφιλής]], A.''Ch.''141, ''Ag.''34; [[κάρβανος]] ib.1061; γεραιά [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Hecuba|Hec.]]''143 (anap.); πονηρά Id.''Ion''1316, etc.: to denote [[wealth]] or [[poverty]], πλειοτέρῃ σὺν χ. Od.11.359; κενεὰς σὺν χ. ἔχοντες 10.42, cf. E.''Hel.''1280, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> it is represented as acting of itself, χεῖρες μαιμῶσιν Il.13.77, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''50; χεὶρ ὁρᾷ τὸ δράσιμον A.''Th.''554; δήμου κρατοῦσα χ. Id.''Supp.''604 (dub. l.): [[proverb|prov.]], [[ἁ δὲ χεὶρ τὰν χεῖρα νίζει]]· δός τι, καὶ λάβε τι = [[hand washes hand]], give something and get something Epich.273; or simply, ἁ χεὶρ τὰν χεῖρα ''AP''5.207 (Mel.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> pl., in [[theurgy]], name for [[spiritual]] [[power]]s, αἱ δημιουργικαὶ [τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος] δυνάμεις ἃς θεουργῶν παῖδες χεῖρας ἀποκαλοῦσιν Procl. ''in Cra.'' p.101 P., cf. eund. in R.2.252K.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> to denote [[act]] or [[deed]], opp. [[mere words]], in plural, ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν Il.1.77; <b class="b3">μνῆμ' Ἑλένης χειρῶν</b> of her [[handiwork]], her [[art]], Od.15.126 (so in sg., δώρημ' ἐκείνῳ τἀνδρὶ τῆς ἐμῆς χ. S.''Tr.''603); χερσὶν ἢ λόγῳ Id.''OT''883 (lyr.), cf. ''OC''1297, etc.; [[τῇ χειρὶ χρᾶσθαι]] = to [[use one's hands]], i.c. [[be active]], [[stir]]ring, opp. <b class="b3">ἀργὸς ἐπεστάναι</b>, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.78, cf. 9.72; <b class="b3">τὰς χ. προσφέρειν</b> to [[apply]] [[force]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.6.31: sg., [[βούλευμα]] μὲν τὸ Δῖον, Ἡφαίστου δὲ χείρ [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''619; [[μιᾷ χειρί]] = [[single-handed]], D.21.219; χειρὶ καὶ ποδὶ καὶ πάσῃ δυνάμει Aeschin.3.109, cf. 2.115; χερσίν τε ποσίν τε Il.20.360, cf. Pi.''O.''10(11).62, especially of using the hands in a fight, cf. supr. 11.6d, e, f; of deeds of [[violence]], <b class="b3">πρὶν χειρῶν γεύσασθαι</b> before we [[try]] [[force]], Od.20.181; <b class="b3">ἀδίκων χ. ἄρχειν</b> to give the first [[blow]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.5.13, Antipho 4.2.1, Lys.4.11, etc.; ἀμυνόμενος ἄρχοντα χειρῶν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''869d: generally, [[χεῖρες]] = [[violent measures]], [[force]], ἐπίσχετε θυμὸν ἐνιπῆς καὶ χειρῶν Od.20.267; [[ὑπόδικος]] χερῶν A.''Eu.''260 (lyr.); χερσὶ πεποιθώς Il.16.624, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ</b> v. supr. 11.6d; <b class="b3">ὅπως θανάτοιο βαρείας χ. ἀλάλκοι</b>, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] for [[κῆρας]], Il.21.548.<br><span class="bld">V</span> a [[number]], [[band]], [[body]] of men, especially of soldiers, χεὶρ μεγάλη [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.157; in dat., οὐ σὺν μεγάλῃ χ. Id.5.72; πολλῇ χ. 1.174, Th.3.96, E.''Heracl.'' 337; pleon., χ. μεγάλῃ πλήθεος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.20; δεδωμάτωμαι δ' οὐδ' ἐγὼ σμικρᾷ χερί A.''Supp.''958; <b class="b3">οἰκεία χείρ</b>, for <b class="b3">χεὶρ οἰκετῶν</b>, E.''El.''629; σὺν πλήθει χερῶν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''123.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[handwriting]], τὴν ἑαυτοῦ χεῖρα ἀρνήσασθαι Hyp.''Lyc.Fr.''5, cf. ''IG''9(1).189 (Phocis); <b class="b3">τῇ ἐμῇ χ. Παύλου</b> I ''Ep. Cor.''16.21, ''Ep.Col.''4.18: [[copy]], [[counterpart]] of a [[document]], ''SIG''712.31 (Crete, ii B.C.); [[deed]], [[instrument]], ἡ χ. ἥδε κυρία ἔστω ''PRein.''28.18 (ii B.C.), cf. ''PCair.Zen.''477 (iii B.C.), etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[handiwork]] of an artist or workman, γλαφυρὰ χ. Theoc.''Epigr.''8.5, etc.; αἱ Ἐφεσίου χεῖρες Herod.4.72, cf. 6.66; σοφαὶ χέρες ''APl.''4.262; τὰς Φειδίου χ. Lib.''Or.'' 30.22.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> of any [[implement]] resembling a hand:<br><span class="bld">1</span> a kind of [[gauntlet]], X.''Eq.''12.5, Poll.1.135 (pl.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[χεὶρ σιδηρᾶ]] = [[grappling-iron]], Th.4.25, 7.62; also of an [[anchor]], AP6.38 (Phil.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[axle]]-[[tree]], [[LXX]] ''3 Ki.''7.18(32).<br><span class="bld">4</span> in LXX, [[pillar]] or [[cairn]], as it were a [[finger]] [[point]]ing to [[heaven]], χεὶρ [[Ἀβεσσαλώμ]] [[LXX]] ''2 Ki.''18.18; also <b class="b3">ἀνέστακεν αὐτῷ χεῖρα</b>, i.e. [[trophy]], ib. ''1 Ki.''15.12.<br><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">χεῖρες ἐλάτιναι</b>, of [[oar]]s, Tim.''Pers.''7.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[catch]] of a [[trigger]], Hero ''Aut.''13.9; χεὶρ κατάγουσα τὴν τοξῖτιν Ph.''Bel.'' 68.4, cf. Hero ''Bel.''78.2.<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[instrument]] of [[torture]], [[LXX]] ''4 Ma.''8.13.<br><span class="bld">VIII</span> [[handful]], κορώνῃ χεῖρα πρόσδοτε κριθέων Phoen. 2.1.<br><span class="bld">IX</span> [[ointment]] [[contain]]ing [[five]] [[ingredient]]s, Orib.''Fr.''89, Alex. Trall.7.1. (Cf. Arm. jein (dzern), Alb. dore, Tocharian (A-dialect) [[tsar]], (B-dialect) sar, all = [[hand]].)