τέμνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(A), Ion., Dor., and Ep. [[τάμνω]], Il.3.105, al. ([[τέμνω]] once in Hom., Od.3.175), [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.65, Democr.263, Hp.''Acut.''22, ''SIG''1026.20 (Cos, Pass.), cf. [[ἀποτέμνω]], [[διατέμνω]]: 3sg. pres. τέμει only in Il. 13.707 (2sg. [[τέμεις]] prob. in Epigr. ap. Suid.<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[βοῦς]] [[ἕβδομος]]): [[τέμνω]] is [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in Pi.''P.''3.68 and [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in ''O.''13.57, cf. [[τάμνω]] ib.12.6, B.5.17, 16.4, but is the only Att. pres., Th.3.26, ''IG''12.76.56, etc. (v. also [[τμήγω]]): Iterat. τέμνεσκον A.R.1.1215, Q.S.6.217: fut. τεμῶ E.''Ba.''493, Th.1.82, etc.; Ion. τεμέω Hp.''Jusj.'': aor. Ion. and Dor. [[ἔταμον]], Ep. [[τάμον]], Il.3.292, al., ''SIG''4.10 (Cyzicus, vi B.C.), Pi. ''N.''3.33, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.132; Ep. inf. [[ταμέειν]] Il.19.197; Att. ἔτεμον Th.6.7, ''IG''22.1666A8, etc.: pf. τέτμηκα Arist.''SE''178a21, (ἀπο-) Pl.''Men.'' 85a; Dor.3sg. τετμάκει Archim.''Con.Sph.''22,26; Ion.and Ep. part. (in pass. sense) [[τετμηώς]] A.R4.156:—Med., fut. τεμοῦμαι (ὑπο-) Ar. ''Eq.''291 (lyr.), [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.4.19, etc.: aor. ἐταμόμην, inf. ταμέσθαι Il.9.580; Att. ἐτεμόμην Pl.''Plt.''280d (ἀπ-), Luc.''Pr.Im.''24:—Pass., fut. τμηθήσομαι Arist.''LI''968b17; Dor. τμα- Archim.''Aequil.''2.2; also τετμήσομαι Philostr.''VA''4.24, (ἐκ-) Pl.''R.''564c: aor. ἐτμήθην E. ''Tr.''480, Th.2.18, etc.; Dor. ἐτμα- Archim.''Con.Sph.''11: pf. τέτμημαι Od.17.195, Th.3.26, etc.; Dor. τετμα- Archim.''Con.Sph.''12 (τετμη- Pi.''I.''6(5).22 codd.):—[[cut]], in Hom. and elsewhere usually of particular kinds of cutting (v. infr.); generally, <b class="b3">ὀδόντας οἵους τέμνειν</b> [[fit]] for [[cutting]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''1.4.6; <b class="b3">τοιοῦτον τμῆμα τέμνεται τὸ τεμνόμενον, οἷον τὸ τέμνον τέμνει</b>; Pl.''Grg.''476d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[cut]], [[wound]], [[maim]], ἀλλήλων ταμέειν χρόα χαλκῷ Il.13.501, 16.761; <b class="b3">πρὸς δέρην τ.</b> [[wound]] her in the [[neck]], A.''Eu.''592; <b class="b3">οἱ στενοὶ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[τελαμῶνες]]) <b class="b3"> τέμνουσι</b> [[narrow]] [[bandage]]s [[cut]] the [[patient]], Sor.1.83.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of a surgeon, [[cut]], ἐκ μηροῦ τ. [[βέλος]] Il.11.844; τ. τὰν κοιλίαν ''IG''42(1).122.40 (Epid., iv B.C.); <b class="b3">τὴν χεῖρα</b> (in blood-letting) Gal.16.810: abs., [[use the knife]], as opp. to [[cautery]] ([[κάειν]]), ἤτοι κέαντες ἢ τεμόντες [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Agamemnon|Ag.]]''849, cf. X.''An.''5.8.18, Pl.''Grg.''456b, 480c, 521e, etc.:—Pass., to [[be operated upon]], Hp.''Aph.''7.44, Pl.''Grg.''479a.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[cut]], [[castrate]], [[ἔριφος|ἐρίφους]], [[βοῦς|βοῦν]], [[κάπρος|κάπρον]], Hes.''Op.''786,791; of men, Luc.''Syr. D.''15.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[prune]] [[vine]]s, [[LXX]] ''Le.''25.3, cf. ''Is.''5.6 (Pass.); [[cut]], i.e. gather, herbs, Dsc.3.132 (Pass.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[cut up]], [[cut to pieces]], of animals, Il.9.209; <b class="b3">τ. μελεϊστί, διὰ μελεϊστί, κατὰ μέλη</b>, 24.409, Od.9.291, Pi.''O.''1.49; τ. ἰχθῦς [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.65, cf. 3.42, etc.:—Med., ταμνομένους κρέα πολλά Od.24.364.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[slaughter]], [[sacrifice]], ταμέειν Διί τ' Ἠελίῳ τε Il.19.197; <b class="b3">σφάγια τ.</b> [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Supplices|Supp.]]''1196:—Pass., σφάγια τέμνεται Id.''Heracl.''400.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ὅρκια τάμνειν</b> [[sacrifice]] in [[attestation]] of an [[oath]], and hence, [[take]] [[solemn]] [[oath]]s, Il.2.124, Od.24.483, etc. (also in late Prose, as Plb.21.24.3, 21.32.15, al.); Φιλότητα καὶ ὅρκια πιστὰ ταμόντες Il.3.73, etc.; <b class="b3">θάνατόν νύ τοι ὅρκι' ἔταμνον</b> I [[make|made]] a [[truce]] which was [[death]] to thee, 4.155; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τούτοισι τ. ὅρκιον</b> on these terms, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.132; without <b class="b3">ὅρκιον, τ. τισὶ μένειν τὸ ὅρκιον</b> [[make]] a [[covenant]] that.., Id.4.201; also σπονδὰς τέμωμεν E.''Hel.''1235; <b class="b3">ἆρα φίλιά μοι τεμεῖ</b>; Id.''Supp.''376 (lyr.):—Med., of two parties, ὅρκια τάμνεσθαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.70.<br><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">φάρμακον τέμνειν</b> [[cut]] or [[chop up]] a [[plant]] for purposes of [[medicine]] or [[witchcraft]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''836b: metaph., ib.919b, ''Ep.''353e: hence [[πόρον]] or <b class="b3">ἄκος τέμνειν</b> [[contrive]] a [[means]] or [[remedy]], A.''Supp.''807 (lyr., dub.l.), [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]''121 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[divide]], of a river, <b class="b3">μέσην τ. Λιβύην</b> [[cut]] it in twain, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.33, cf. E.''El.''411; of a mountain-chain, D.P.340,890; <b class="b3">τ. δίχα</b> [[cleave]] in two, Pl.''Smp.''190d:-Med., <b class="b3">ἑπτὰ μέρη τεμόμενος</b> having [[divide]]d it into [[seven]] [[part]]s, Id.''Lg.''695c:—Pass., γραμμὴ δίχα τετμημένη Id.''R.''509d; <b class="b3">τετμημένος ἐξ ἑνὸς δύο</b> [[cut]] from one into two, Id.''Smp.''191d.<br><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">διὰ τῆς δριμυφαγίας εἰ καὶ τὸ πάχος τέμνοιτο τοῦ γάλακτος</b> were to be [[dilute]]d, [[thin]]ned, Sor.1.98; ἡ τῆς πτισάνης [ὕλη] τ. καὶ ὑγραίνει τὰ τῆς ἀναπτύσεως δεόμενα Gal.15.507, cf. 6.352, 14.742; τέμνειν καὶ λεπτύνειν τὰ παχέα τῶν ὑγρῶν Id.6.760, cf. ''Vict.Att.''1, al.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[divide]] logically, τ. δίχα Pl.''Phlb.'' 49a, ''Plt.''287b; <b class="b3">τ. τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἀρτίῳ καὶ περιττῷ</b> into even and odd, ib.262e, cf. 266e, al.; <b class="b3">εἰς δύο μέρη τέμνουσι [τὴν πραγματείαν</b>] Sor. 1.1:—Pass., διχῇ τέμνεσθαι Pl.''Sph.''223c.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[cut off]], [[sever]] ἐκ κεφαλέων τρίχας Il.3.273; κεφαλὴν ἀπὸ δειρῆς 18.177; δρακόντοιν κάρα A.''Ch.''1047, cf. S.''Ph.''619; λαιμούς τινος [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1560; [[πλόκον]], [[φόβας]], [[βόστρυχον]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1179, ''El.''449,901 (Pass.), etc.; τράχηλον σώματος χωρίς E.''Ba.''241; <b class="b3">Ὕδραν τ.</b> Pl.''R.''426e: with double acc., <b class="b3">ἐρινεὸν ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ τάμνε νέους ὄρπηκας</b> [[cut]] the [[branch]]es [[off]] the [[fig-tree]], Il.21.38 ([[ἐρινεοῦ]] cj. Agar):—Pass., <b class="b3">τρίχας ἐτμήθην</b> [[had]] them [[cut off]], E.''Tr.''480.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[part off]], [[mark off]], τέλσον ἀρούρης Il.13.707; τέμενος 6.194; so in Med., 9.580; also <b class="b3">τάμνοντ' ἀμφὶ βοῶν ἀγέλας</b> they [[cut]] them [[off]], [[surround]]ed them, 18.528.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[cut down]], [[fell]], of [[tree]]s and [[timber]], [[δένδρεον|δένδρεα]], [[δρῦς]], [[φιτρούς]], 11.88, 23.119, Od.12.11, etc.; δοῦρα Hes.''Op.''807; <b class="b3">τίς.. ἔτεμε τὰν δακρυόεσσαν Ἰλίῳ πεύκαν</b>; E.''Hel.''231 (lyr.); τ. ὕλην Th.2.98; <b class="b3">τ. ξύλα ἐκ τοῦ Κιθαιρῶνος</b> ib.75; χάρακας ἐκ τοῦ τεμένους Id.3.70:—Pass., [μελίη] χαλκῷ ταμνομένη Il.13.180; ῥόπαλον τετμημένον Od.17.195; <b class="b3">ἡ ὕλη ἡ τετμ</b>. the [[felled]] timber, D.42.30:—Med., <b class="b3">δοῦρα τάμνεσθαι</b> [[fell]] [[oneself]] [[timber]], Od.5.243, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.82, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Hecuba|Hec.]]''634 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">λίθον τ.</b> [[hew]] or [[quarry]] it, ''IG''12.76.56, cf. 22.1666A8, 42(1).102.41, al. (Epid., iv B.C.), Pl.''Criti.''116a, ''PPetr.''2p.6 (iii B.C.), [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]5.13; <b class="b3">τ. μέταλλον</b> [[open]] or [[work]] a [[mine]], Hyp.''Eux.''35 (Pass.):—Med., <b class="b3">λίθους τάμνεσθαι</b> [[have]] them [[wrought]] or [[hew]]n, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.186.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[cut down]] for purposes of [[destruction]], γῆς τ. βλαστήματα [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Hecuba|Hec.]]''1204; τ. τὸν σῖτον [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.1.13; also <b class="b3">τ. τὴν γῆν</b> [[lay waste]] the country by [[fell]]ing the [[fruit]]-[[tree]]s, [[cut]]ting the [[corn]], etc., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.86, cf. Th.2.19,55, And.3.8 (Pass.); τῆς γῆς ἔτεμον οὐ πολλήν Th.6.7: c. partit. gen., <b class="b3">τῆς γῆς τ.</b> [[waste]] part of it, Id.1.30, 2.56:—Pass., ib.18,20.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[cut into shape]], δέρμα βόειον Od.14.24; ἱμάντας ἐκ τοῦ δέρματος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.25:—Med., νομέας ταμόμενοι Id.1.194.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[cut lengthwise]], <b class="b3">τ. γῆν, ἄρουραν</b>, [[plough]] it, Sol.13.47, A.''Fr.''196.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τ. ὁδόν</b> [[cut]] or [[make]] a [[road]], τ. ὁδοὺς εὐθείας Th.2.100; τ. [[διάπλους]] ἐκ τῶν διωρύχων Pl.''Criti.''118e; τάφρον τεμέσθαι ''PHal.''1.107 (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">ὁ τέμνων</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">τὴν τάφρον</b>) ib.110: metaph., <b class="b3">ὀχετοὺς ἐπὶ τὸν πλεύμονα ἔτεμον</b> [[carried]] [[channel]]s or [[duct]]s to the [[lung]]s, Pl.''Ti.''70d, cf. 77c; οὐκ.. ἐγὼ πρῶτος ταύτην ἐτεμόμην τὴν ὁδόν Luc.''Pr.Im.''24:—Pass., μυρίαι τέτμηνται κέλευθοι Pi.''I.''6(5).22; οὐ τετμημένων [τῶν] ὁδῶν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.136, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[make one's way]], [[advance]], ὦ τὴν ἐν ἄστροις.. τέμνων ὁδὸν.. Ἥλιε E.''Ph.'' 1; διὰ μέσου.. αἰθέρος τέμνων κέλευθον Ar.''Th.''1100; <b class="b3">τὴν μεσόγαιαν τ. τῆς ὁδοῦ</b> [[take]] the [[inland]] [[road]], [[strike through]] the [[interior]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.124, 9.89: metaph., <b class="b3">μέσον τι τέμνειν</b> [[hold]] a middle course, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]''338a; <b class="b3">τὴν μέσην τ.</b> Plu.2.7b; <b class="b3">μέσον τινὰ [βίον] τ.</b> [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''793a; βιότοιο τ. τρίβον ''AP''9.359 (Posidipp. or Pl.Com.), 360 (Metrod.): abs., [[make one's way]], A.R.2.1244, 4.771.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of [[ship]]s, [[cut through]] the [[wave]]s, [[plough]] the [[sea]], <b class="b3">τ. πέλαγος μέσον, κύματα θαλάσσης</b>, Od.3.175, 13.88, cf. Pi.''P.''3.68: metaph., <b class="b3">ψεύδη.. τάμνοισαι κυλίνδοντ' ἐλπίδες</b> men's [[hope]]s are [[toss]]ed about as they [[cut through]] the [[sea]] of lies, Id.''O.''12.6: of birds, <b class="b3">αἰθέρος αὔλακα τ.</b> [[cleave]] the air, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1400, cf. ''h.Cer.''383, E.''Epigr.''2.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> [[cut short]], [[bring to a crisis]] or [[bring to a decision]], μαχᾶν τ. τέλος Pi.''O.''13.57; κίνδυνον τ. σιδάρῳ E.''Heracl.''758 (lyr.); λόγῳ τὰ διάφορα τεμεῖν Lib.''Or.''18.164; <b class="b3">τὰς δίκας τ.</b> ''Cod.Just.''3.1.12, cf. 2.12.27.2, al.<br><span class="bld">VIII</span> [[ταμών]] metaph.for [[ἀρύσας]], Emp.143. (Cf. Slovenian tnèm tęvti 'to [[hack]]', Ir. tamnaim 'I [[mutilate]]'.)<br /><br />(B), only in τέμνοντα· ἀμέλγοντα, [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]; ἔτεμεν· ἤμελγεν, Id. (Perh. cf. Skt. ācāmati, pl. ācamanti, '[[sip]]', Icel. hvóma '[[swallow]]'.)