frenum: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>frēnum</b>: or fraenum, i, n., and [[more]] freq. (cf. Neue, Formenl. 1, 567; and<br /><b>I</b><br /> v. [[infra]]), plur. heterocl. frēni, ōrum, m., and [[mostly]] [[poet]]. frēna, ōrum, n. [[root]] dhar-; Sanscr. dhar-ā-mi, [[hold]], [[support]]; Gr. θρα-, in [[θρῆνυς]], [[θρόνος]]>; Lat. frētus, a [[bridle]], [[curb]], [[bit]] (syn.: lupi, lupata).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Plur.: aurei [[freni]], Curt. 4, 13 med.; so nom. [[freni]], id. 7, 10 fin.; cf. under II.; acc. frena, Verg. A. 4, 135; 5, 818; Ov. M. 15, 519; id. Am. 3, 4, 16: non [[domito]] frenos [[ore]] momordit [[equus]], Tib. 1, 3, 42; so, frenos: [[equus]], [[equa]], quae frenos recipere solet, Cic. Top. 8, 36; Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 12; Verg. G. 3, 184; Liv. 1, 48, 6; Sen. Tranq. 15 fin. al.: moderarier hunc (equum) frenis, Lucr. 5, 1298; so, frenis, id. 5, 1317; Verg. A. 11, 719; 889; 12, 372; Hor. S. 1, 1, 91; Ov. M. 5, 643; Liv. 1, 14 fin.: equum cogere frenos pati, Phaedr. 4, 3, 9: frenos et [[strata]] equorum Pelethronium (invenisse), Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 202 et saep.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sing.: frenumque ([[equus]]) recepit, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 36: non [[frenum]] depulit [[ore]], id. ib. 1, 10, 38.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Prov.: [[frenum]] mordere, to [[take]] the [[bit]] in one's teeth, i. e. to [[offer]] [[opposition]], to [[resist]]: si [[frenum]] momorderis peream, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 23, 2; cf.: sed ut mones, [[frenum]] momordi, Cic. ib. 11, 24, 1.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Like [[our]] terms [[bridle]] and [[curb]], i. q. [[means]] of [[guiding]] or governing, [[restraint]], [[check]], [[limit]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Plur.: rerum [[freni]], the [[reins]] of [[dominion]], Sil. 1, 240: [[freni]] sunt injecti [[vobis]], [[Quirites]], nullo [[modo]] perpetiendi: alligati et constricti estis amaro [[vinculo]] servitutis, Val. Max. 2, 9, 5; cf.: [[freni]] domitarum gentium, Curt. 7, 10 fin.: ne Lycurgi [[quidem]] [[disciplina]] tenuit illos in hominibus Graecis frenos, Cic. Rep. 2, 33: ut Isocratem in acerrimo ingenio Theopompi et lenissimo Ephori dixisse traditum est, alteri se calcaria adhibere, alteri frenos, id. Brut. 56, 204: Mutinam [[illi]] exsultanti [[tamquam]] frenos furoris injecit, id. Phil. 13, 9, 20: [[date]] frenos impotenti naturae et indomito animali, [[give]] the [[reins]] to, [[allow]] [[full]] [[scope]] to, Liv. 34, 2, 13; so, frenos furentibus ira Laxat, Luc. 7, 125: impone felicitati tuae frenos, [[put]] on, Curt. 7, 8 fin.: imperii frena [[tenere]] sui, Ov. Tr. 2, 42: frena imperii moderari, id. P. 2, 9, 33: capere, id. ib. 4, 13, 27: frena licentiae inicere, Hor. C. 4, 15, 10: [[pone]] irae frena modumque, Pone et avaritiae, Juv. 8, 88: subiit leges et frena momordit Ille [[solutus]] [[amor]], i. e. submitted to, Stat. S. 1, 2, 28: [[quod]] dicebat [[Isocrates]], se calcaribus in Ephoro, [[contra]] [[autem]] in Theopompo frenis uti solere, Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 36; Quint. 2, 8, 11; cf. [[above]] the [[passage]] Cic. Brut. 56, 204: [[alter]], uti dixit [[Isocrates]] in Ephoro et Theopompo, frenis eget, [[alter]] calcaribus, id. Att. 6, 1, 12: non [[solum]] frenis sed [[etiam]] jugo [[accepto]], Liv. 37, 36, 5: animum rege: qui [[nisi]] paret, Imperat: hunc frenis, hunc tu compesce catenā, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 63: jam vaga prosiliet frenis [[natura]] remotis, id. S. 2, 7, 74.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sing.: ni [[frenum]] accipere et victi parere fatentur, Verg. A. 12, 568: voluptates [[tenere]] sub [[freno]], Sen. Ep. 23 med.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Poet., [[horse]], [[steed]], [[charger]]: [[eques]] [[aptus]] frenis, Prop. 4 (5), 10, 19: portarumque moras frenis assultat et hastis, Stat. Th. 11, 243.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> In gen.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; That [[which]] holds things [[together]], a [[band]] ([[post]]-Aug. and [[rare]]): absiliunt pontes tectique trementis Saxea frena labant, etc., the [[stone]] bands, ties, Stat. Th. 10, 880.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In anatomy: [[frenum]], the [[ligament]] [[which]] attaches the [[inside]] of the foreskin to the [[glans]], Cels. 7, 25, 2.