frenum

Latin > English

frenum freni N N :: brake
frenum frenum freni N N :: bridle, harness/reins/bit; harnessed horses/team; check/restraint/curb; mastery

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

frēnum: or fraenum, i, n., and more freq. (cf. Neue, Formenl. 1, 567; and
I
v. infra), plur. heterocl. frēni, ōrum, m., and mostly poet. frēna, ōrum, n. root dhar-; Sanscr. dhar-ā-mi, hold, support; Gr. θρα-, in θρῆνυς, θρόνος; Lat. frētus, a bridle, curb, bit (syn.: lupi, lupata).
I Lit.
   (a)    Plur.: aurei freni, Curt. 4, 13 med.; so nom. freni, id. 7, 10 fin.; cf. under II.; acc. frena, Verg. A. 4, 135; 5, 818; Ov. M. 15, 519; id. Am. 3, 4, 16: non domito frenos ore momordit equus, Tib. 1, 3, 42; so, frenos: equus, equa, quae frenos recipere solet, Cic. Top. 8, 36; Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 12; Verg. G. 3, 184; Liv. 1, 48, 6; Sen. Tranq. 15 fin. al.: moderarier hunc (equum) frenis, Lucr. 5, 1298; so, frenis, id. 5, 1317; Verg. A. 11, 719; 889; 12, 372; Hor. S. 1, 1, 91; Ov. M. 5, 643; Liv. 1, 14 fin.: equum cogere frenos pati, Phaedr. 4, 3, 9: frenos et strata equorum Pelethronium (invenisse), Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 202 et saep.—
   (b)    Sing.: frenumque (equus) recepit, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 36: non frenum depulit ore, id. ib. 1, 10, 38.—
   b Prov.: frenum mordere, to take the bit in one's teeth, i. e. to offer opposition, to resist: si frenum momorderis peream, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 23, 2; cf.: sed ut mones, frenum momordi, Cic. ib. 11, 24, 1.—
II Transf.
   A Like our terms bridle and curb, i. q. means of guiding or governing, restraint, check, limit.
   (a)    Plur.: rerum freni, the reins of dominion, Sil. 1, 240: freni sunt injecti vobis, Quirites, nullo modo perpetiendi: alligati et constricti estis amaro vinculo servitutis, Val. Max. 2, 9, 5; cf.: freni domitarum gentium, Curt. 7, 10 fin.: ne Lycurgi quidem disciplina tenuit illos in hominibus Graecis frenos, Cic. Rep. 2, 33: ut Isocratem in acerrimo ingenio Theopompi et lenissimo Ephori dixisse traditum est, alteri se calcaria adhibere, alteri frenos, id. Brut. 56, 204: Mutinam illi exsultanti tamquam frenos furoris injecit, id. Phil. 13, 9, 20: date frenos impotenti naturae et indomito animali, give the reins to, allow full scope to, Liv. 34, 2, 13; so, frenos furentibus ira Laxat, Luc. 7, 125: impone felicitati tuae frenos, put on, Curt. 7, 8 fin.: imperii frena tenere sui, Ov. Tr. 2, 42: frena imperii moderari, id. P. 2, 9, 33: capere, id. ib. 4, 13, 27: frena licentiae inicere, Hor. C. 4, 15, 10: pone irae frena modumque, Pone et avaritiae, Juv. 8, 88: subiit leges et frena momordit Ille solutus amor, i. e. submitted to, Stat. S. 1, 2, 28: quod dicebat Isocrates, se calcaribus in Ephoro, contra autem in Theopompo frenis uti solere, Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 36; Quint. 2, 8, 11; cf. above the passage Cic. Brut. 56, 204: alter, uti dixit Isocrates in Ephoro et Theopompo, frenis eget, alter calcaribus, id. Att. 6, 1, 12: non solum frenis sed etiam jugo accepto, Liv. 37, 36, 5: animum rege: qui nisi paret, Imperat: hunc frenis, hunc tu compesce catenā, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 63: jam vaga prosiliet frenis natura remotis, id. S. 2, 7, 74.—
   (b)    Sing.: ni frenum accipere et victi parere fatentur, Verg. A. 12, 568: voluptates tenere sub freno, Sen. Ep. 23 med.—
   B Poet., horse, steed, charger: eques aptus frenis, Prop. 4 (5), 10, 19: portarumque moras frenis assultat et hastis, Stat. Th. 11, 243.—
   C In gen.
   1    That which holds things together, a band (post-Aug. and rare): absiliunt pontes tectique trementis Saxea frena labant, etc., the stone bands, ties, Stat. Th. 10, 880.—
   2    In anatomy: frenum, the ligament which attaches the inside of the foreskin to the glans, Cels. 7, 25, 2.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

frēnum,⁹ ī, n., pl. -na, ōrum, n., et -nī, ōrum, m., frein, mors : Cic. Top. 36 || [prov.] frenum mordere Cic. Fam. 11, 24, 1, prendre le mors aux dents ; mais frena momordit Stat. S. 1, 2, 28, il se soumit [il rongea son frein] ; frenos adhibere alicui Cic. Br. 204, employer le frein pour qqn || [fig.] : date frenos Liv. 34, 2, 13, lâchez les rênes, la bride ; frena injicere, ponere Hor. O. 4, 15, 10 ; Juv. 8, 88, mettre un frein ; frenis egere Cic. Att. 6, 1, 12, avoir besoin du frein || [poét.] chevaux, attelage : Stat. Th. 11, 243 || lien, attache : Stat. Th. 10, 880.

Latin > German (Georges)

frēnum, ī, n., Plur., frēna, ōrum, n., u. frēnī, ōrum, m. (frendo), das Gebiß, der Zaum, der Zügel, I) eig. u. meton.: A) eig.: frenum mulare, Edict. Diocl.: frenum equestre cum salibario (Gebiß) instructum, Edict. Diocl.: aurei freni, Sen.: frena caelata, Apul.: frena remittere, schießen lassen, verhängen, Ov.: ebenso frena dare, Ov.: frenos inhibere, anziehen, Liv. – im Bilde, frena imperii, Zügel (Leitung) der Regierung, Ov.: frenos dare impotenti naturae, die Zügel schießen lassen, Liv.: alci frenos adhibere, zügeln, zurückhalten (Ggstz. calcaria alci adhibere, anspornen), Cic.: u. so temeritati frenos inicere, ignaviae subducere calcar, Sen.: frena addere feroci viro, zügeln, Sil.: irae frena ponere, seinen Zorn zügeln, Iuven.: voluptati frenos imponere, Lact.; u. so neque irato mihi habenas dedi umquam neque cupiditati non imposui frenos, Varro sat. Men. 177: voluptates sub freno tenere, Sen.: libidinibus frena permittere, Lact.: frena liberalitatis laxare, Hieron.: linguae frena relaxare, der Z. freien Lauf lassen, Gregor. M.: frena pudoris rumpere, Prop.: frenum od. frenos mordere, in den Zaum knirschen, seinen Gegnern die Zähne weisen (= sich nicht unterdrücken lassen wollen), Cic. u. Sen.; aber frena mordere, den Zaum annehmen, -sich gefallen lassen, Stat.: frenum accipere (annehmen, sich gefallen lassen), Verg. u. Liv.: u. so frenos recipere, Cic.: freni sunt iniecti vobis, Quirites, nullo modo perpetiendi, Val. Max.: quamdiu sciet ferre frenos, quos si quando abruperit vel aliquo casu discussos reponi sibi passus non erit, Sen. de clem. 1, 4, 2: abrumpet frenos pudicitia, Sen. de ben. 1, 10, 2. – B) meton., frena = gezäumte Rosse, Gespann, Stat. Theb. 11, 244: Phaëthontia, Sil. 10, 540. – II) übtr.: 1) das Band, die Zusammenfügung, tecti trementis saxea frena labant, die Bänder, Fugen, Stat. Theb. 10, 880. – insbes. als mediz. t. t., frenum = das Bändchen, womit die innere Vorhaut an der Eichel haftet, Cels. 7, 25. no. 2. – 2) freni, wie griech. χαλινοί, Quint. 1, 1, 37, als rhet. t. t., sehr hart untereinander zusammenstoßende Buchstaben od. Silben, Mart. Cap. 5. § 514 u. § 518. – /In Prosa scheint der Nom. Plur. freni u. Akk. Plur. frenos üblicher gewesen zu sein als frena, s. für den Nom. Sen. ep. 41, 6; de ira 1, 7, 4. Curt. 3, 13 (34), 10; 7, 10 (40), 16. Val. Max. 2, 9, 5 (auch Sil. 1, 240): für den Akk. in eig. Bed. Cic. top. 36. Liv. 1, 48, 6; in bildl. Bed. oft bei Cic., Liv. u.a. Vgl. Neue-Wagener Formenl.³ 1, 815 f. u. Georges Lexik. der lat. Wortf. S. 287.

Translations

bit

Armenian: սանձ, լկամ; Old Armenian: դանդանաւանդ; Bulgarian: захапка; Catalan: mos; Chinese Mandarin: 馬銜, 马衔; Czech: udidlo; Dutch: bit; Esperanto: mordaĵo; Estonian: suurauad; Finnish: kuolain, kuolaimet; French: mors; Old French: frain; Galician: freo, bocado; German: Gebiss, Mundstück; Greek: στομίδα; Ancient Greek: χάλιννος, χαλινός; Hungarian: zabla; Ingrian: varukset; Irish: béalbhach; Italian: morso, freno; Japanese: 馬銜, 轡; Khmer: បង្ខាំ; Korean: 재갈; Kyrgyz: бөлүк, бөлүкчө, кесинди, кесек, кесим, тилке, тилим, үзүм, чагым, тешкич, көзөч бургу, ооздук, ачкычтын урчугу, мүштөк, мундштук; Latin: frenum; Latvian: laužņi, mutes dzelži; Lithuanian: žąslai; Macedonian: ѓем, џем, жвал; Maori: piti; Mongolian: амгай; Norman: mors; Norwegian Bokmål: bitt, bissel; Occitan: fren; Old Norse: beizl, beizla; Ottoman Turkish: كم; Polish: wędzidło; Portuguese: bocado, bocal, morso, freio; Romanian: frâu, zăbală; Russian: удила; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: жва̏ла, жва̏ле; Roman: žvȁla, žvȁle; Spanish: bocado; Swahili: charaza; Swedish: bett; Turkish: gem, oyan; Ukrainian: вудила

bridle

Albanian: gjem, fre; Amharic: ልጓም; Arabic: لِجَام, صُرْع, عِنَان; Egyptian Arabic: لجام; Armenian: սանձ; Aromanian: fãrnu, frãn; Azerbaijani: yüyən, cilov; Bashkir: йүгән; Belarusian: вуздэчка; Bengali: লাগাম; Bulgarian: юзда; Burmese: ဇက်ခွံ့; Catalan: brida; Chinese Mandarin: 轡, 辔, 轡頭, 辔头, 馬籠頭, 马笼头; Chuvash: йӗвен; Cimbrian: brittel; Czech: uzda; Dalmatian: braina; Danish: bidsel; Dutch: hoofdstel, toom; Esperanto: brido; Estonian: valjad; Faroese: boksl; Finnish: suitset, päitset; French: bride; Friulian: brene; Galician: brida, freo; Georgian: აღვირი, ლაგამი; German: Zaumzeug, Zaum; Greek: γκέμι, χαλινάρι; Ancient Greek: ἀμπυκτήρ, ἡνία, χάλιννος, χαλινός; Gujarati: લગામ; Hebrew: רֶסֶן; Hindi: लगाम; Hungarian: kantár; Icelandic: beisli; Ido: brido; Indonesian: kekang; Irish: srian; Italian: briglia; Japanese: 手綱; Kazakh: жүген; Khmer: បង្ហៀរ; Korean: 굴레, 고삐; Kurdish Central Kurdish: لْغاو; Northern Kurdish: dizgîn, liwan, lixav; Southern Kurdish: لْغاو; Kyrgyz: жүгөн; Lao: ແຄ່ມ, ໃຫຍ້; Latin: frenum, aurea; Latvian: iemaukti; Lithuanian: kamanos; Macedonian: узда; Malay: kekang; Malayalam: കടിഞ്ഞാൺ; Maltese: lġiem; Manchu: ᡥᠠᡩᠠᠯᠠ; Maori: paraire, paraehe; Mongolian Cyrillic: хазаар; Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ; Norman: bridot; Norwegian Bokmål: bissel, hodelag; Nynorsk: beisel, hovudlag; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: оузда; Old East Slavic: узда; Old English: brīdel; Ottoman Turkish: اویان; Pashto: لگام; Persian: لگام, لجام, عنان; Polish: uzda, ogłowie, tranzelka; Portuguese: brida; Punjabi: ਲਗਾਮ; Romanian: frâu, hăț; Russian: узда, уздечка; Sardinian: frenu; Scottish Gaelic: srian; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: узде; Roman: uzde; Slovak: uzda; Slovene: uzda; Southern Altai: ӱйген, ӱгӧн; Spanish: brida; Swahili: hatamu; Swedish: betsel; Tajik: ҷилав, лаҷом, инон; Tatar: йөгән; Telugu: కళ్లెము; Thai: ขลุม, บังเหียน; Tigrinya: ልጓም; Turkish: dizgin, yular; Turkmen: jylaw; Ukrainian: вуздечка; Urdu: لَگام; Uyghur: يۈگەن, تىزگىن; Uzbek: yugan, jugan; Vietnamese: cương ngựa, cương; Vilamovian: caum; Welsh: ffrwyn; Yakut: үүн